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The Digital Revolution in Future Power Distribution and Microgrids

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2019) | Viewed by 22893

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Eleonora Riva Sanseverino

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Guest Editor

Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Interests: smart grids; renewable energy, power systems, optimization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Juan C. Vasquez

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Guest Editor

Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
Interests: microgrids; renewable energy; minigrids; distributed generation; islanded energy systems; distributed and hierarchical control; energy internet; IoT-based smart energy homes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Maria Luisa Di Silvestre

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Department of Energy, Information engineering and Mathematical models, DEIM, University of Palermo, Edificio 9, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo PA, Italy
Interests: faults detection and location in electrical distribution networks; strategies for restoring service in electrical distribution networks; real-time optimal management and planning; grounding interconnected systems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are inviting submissions to a Special Issue of Energies on the subject area of “The Digital Revolution in Future Power Distribution and Microgrids”. The deployment of wide-band infrastructure and 5G technology in cities calls for a deeper restructuring of the application layer for most of the services offered to citizens. The electrical infrastructure, in particular, is affected by deep changes. The future of electrical systems is difficult to predict, pushed by the digital revolution and the decarbonization driver, most likely it will depend on the policy framework in each area of the world. On the other hand, the decentralization of services points at the deployment of electrical infrastructure as a collection of microgrids, to be eventually operated autonomously from the main grid. This Special Issue on “The Digital Revolution in Future Power Distribution and Microgrids” is focused on state-of-the-art innovations in theoretical foundations, advanced IoT-based infrastructure, systems and control architecture, and field tests for digital technologies in smart electrical networks. Topics include, but are not limited to (surveys and state-of-the-art tutorials are also welcome):

Smart urban functions for Intelligent communities;
Energy Internet infrastructures (optical fiber, data and power, 5G);
Optimized management in microgrids and energy hubs;
IoT services, applications, standards, and test-beds;
IoT-driven solutions for the next generation of the smart-grid;
Smart Homes, and IoT-based Building Automation;
Decentralization and digitalization in smart cities;
Data analytics for smart energy systems.

Prof. Dr. Eleonora Riva Sanseverino
Prof. Dr. Juan Carlos Vasquez Quintero
Prof. Dr. Maria Luisa Di Silvestre
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

microgrids
intelligent systems for microgrids
optimization and advanced heuristics
decentralized optimization and control

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 3909 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Load Transfer Device for Solving a Three-Phase Unbalance Problem Under a Low-Voltage Distribution Network

by Guanghai Bao and Sikai Ke

Energies 2019, 12(15), 2842; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12152842 - 24 Jul 2019

Cited by 30 | Viewed by 3698

Abstract

In the low-voltage (LV) distribution network, a three-phase unbalance problem often exists. It does not only increase line loss but also threaten the safety of the distribution network. Therefore, the author designs a residential load transfer device for a LV distribution network that can deal with a three-phase unbalance problem by changing the connecting phase of the load. It consists of three parts: user controller for phase swapping, central controller for signal processing and monitoring platform for strategy calculation. This design was based on message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) communication protocol, and Long Range and 4th Generation mobile telecommunications (LoRa + 4G) communication mode is used to realize the wireless connection between equipment and monitoring platform, and a control scheme is proposed. The improved multi-population genetic algorithm (IMPGA) with multi-objective is used to find the optimal swapping strategy, which is implemented on the monitoring platform. Then the phase swapping is realized by remote control, and the function of reducing three-phase unbalance is realized. The practical experimental result shows that the method can help to reduce the three-phase unbalance rate by changing the connection phase of the load, and the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm in the phase-swapping strategy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Digital Revolution in Future Power Distribution and Microgrids)

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17 pages, 3327 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Driven Primary Regulation for Minimum Power Losses Operation in Islanded Microgrids

by Quynh T.T Tran, Maria Luisa Di Silvestre, Eleonora Riva Sanseverino, Gaetano Zizzo and Thanh Nam Pham

Energies 2018, 11(11), 2890; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11112890 - 24 Oct 2018

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3326

Abstract

The paper proposes an improved primary regulation method for inverter-interfaced generating units in islanded microgrids. The considered approach employs an off-line minimum losses optimal power flow (OPF) to devise the primary frequency regulation curve’s set-points while satisfying the power balance, frequency and current constraints. In this way, generators will reach an optimized operating point corresponding to a given and unique power flow distribution presenting the minimum power losses. The proposed approach can be particularly interesting for diesel-based islanded microgrids that face, constantly, the issue of reducing their dependency from fossil fuels and of enhancing their generation and distribution efficiency. The Glow-worm Swarm Optimization (GSO) algorithm is selected as a key heuristic tool for solving the optimization problem. The main program is carried out in Matlab environment. A case study with a parametric analysis is implemented and all results are assessed and compared with the conventional droop control method to show the effectiveness of the proposed method as well as the improved reliability of the system. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Digital Revolution in Future Power Distribution and Microgrids)

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15 pages, 3092 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Active-Current Control of Large-Scale Wind Turbines for Power System Transient Stability Improvement Based on Perturbation Estimation Approach

by Peng Shen, Lin Guan, Zhenlin Huang, Liang Wu and Zetao Jiang

Energies 2018, 11(8), 1995; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11081995 - 01 Aug 2018

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2266

Abstract

This paper proposes an active-current control strategy for large-scale wind turbines (WTs) to improve the transient stability of power systems based on a perturbation estimation (PE) approach. The main idea of this control strategy is to mitigate the generator imbalance of mechanical and electrical powers by controlling the active-current of WTs. The effective mutual couplings of synchronous generators and WTs are identified using a Kron-reduction technique first. Then, the control object of each WT is assigned based on the identified mutual couplings. Finally, an individual controller is developed for each WT using a PE approach. In the control algorithm, a perturbation state (PS) is introduced for each WT to represent the comprehensive effect of the nonlinearities and parameter variations of the power system, and then it is estimated by a designed perturbation observer. The estimated PS is employed to compensate the actual perturbation, and to finally achieve the adaptive control design without requiring an accurate system model. The effectiveness of the proposed control approach on improving the system transient stability is validated in the modified IEEE 39-bus system. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Digital Revolution in Future Power Distribution and Microgrids)

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15 pages, 2869 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimal Dynamic Reactive Power Reserve for Wind Farms Addressing Short-Term Voltage Issues Caused by Wind Turbines Tripping

by Liang Wu, Lin Guan, Feng Li, Qi Zhao, Yingjun Zhuo, Peng Chen and Yaotang Lv

Energies 2018, 11(7), 1709; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11071709 - 01 Jul 2018

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2460

Abstract

In regional power grids with high wind power penetration, wind turbine tripping poses great challenges to short-term voltage stability. Dynamic reactive power (VAR) compensation (DVC) plays an important role in securing wind farm operation. To address short-term voltage stability issues, voltage disturbance index (DI) and voltage supporting index (SI) are defined to evaluate the degree of voltage fluctuation and voltage supporting ability of a bus, respectively. Then corresponding vector-type features, called disturbance vector (DV) and supporting vector (SV) are proposed based on the defined indexes. The Kendall rank correlation coefficient is adopted to evaluate the matching degree of DV and SV, so as to determine the influenced area of each wind farm. Candidate locations for DVC are determined sequentially. By comprehensively considering the probability of combined disturbance in each wind farm, a site selection method is proposed and then genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the DVC capacity considering short-term voltage security. The proposed method is applied on a modified NE 39-bus system and a real power grid. Comparison with the engineering practice-based method validates its effectiveness. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Digital Revolution in Future Power Distribution and Microgrids)

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Review

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23 pages, 839 KiB

Open AccessReview

Internet of Things for Modern Energy Systems: State-of-the-Art, Challenges, and Open Issues

by Bahram Shakerighadi, Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam, Juan C. Vasquez and Josep M. Guerrero

Energies 2018, 11(5), 1252; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11051252 - 14 May 2018

Cited by 68 | Viewed by 10028

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) is beginning to shape the future of many industries and emerging markets. One of the target markets for IoT is the energy systems. IoT is a matter of producing, transferring, and processing information, therefore all parts of the system including software and hardware parts should be considered as a whole. In this paper, a state-of-the-art of the IoT-based energy systems is presented to review the recent activities on every component of IoT in energy systems. Challenges in this subject area are discussed, and some solutions are presented thereafter. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Digital Revolution in Future Power Distribution and Microgrids)

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