Recent Development in Drones Icing

A special issue of Drones (ISSN 2504-446X). This special issue belongs to the section "Drone Design and Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 12 September 2025 | Viewed by 4375

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Anti-Icing Materials International Laboratory, Applied Sciences, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada
Interests: icing; de-icing; wind tunnel; ice adhesion; aerospace; materials; wind turbine; vibration; heat transfer
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Guest Editor
Department of Engineering Cybernetics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
Interests: icing; ice protection systems; icing wind tunnels; advanced air mobility; urban air mobility; UAV
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The use of unmanned aerial systems is exponentially growing in many different domain, both for civil and military applications. With their low cost, improved flexibility, and ease of use, they are the perfect tool for surveillance and monitoring, delivery, spraying, and many other applications. Their performance and autonomy are constantly improving with new technologies being brought to the market that further increase their potential. However, they are vulnerable to atmospheric conditions, especially icing, which greatly reduces their performances and autonomy. Since very limited power is available on these vehicles, traditional ice protection systems use for large aircrafts are not a suitable solution. Research on this topic is of great importance since high flexibility is one of the key advantages of UAVs.

The goal of this Special Issue is to present papers, whether original research articles or review papers, about recent developments in the study of drone icing. We encourage submissions that will enlighten the scientific community with the most recent advancements in atmospheric icing, experimentation, and ice protection systems, including but not limited to the following:

1) Atmospheric icing conditions, simulations, and forecasting;

2) Ice accumulation on fixed-wing and rotary-wing UAVs and methods for measuring ice layers;

3) Performance degradation due to icing;

4) Experimental facilities and state-of-the art setups;

5) Thermal and other active ice protection systems for wings and other parts of UAVs;

6) Development and application of nano technologies as passive ice protection systems;

7) Numerical simulation and prediction of ice accumulation and protection systems;

8) Onboard ice detection methods and anti-icing/de-icing control;

9) Design, modeling, simulation, and experimentation of new and unconventional configurations against icing;

10) Challenges of urban air mobility and delivery applications.

Dr. Eric Villeneuve
Dr. Richard Hann
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Drones is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
  • aircraft icing
  • aviation safety
  • ice detection
  • de-icing technologies weather resilience

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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26 pages, 7657 KiB  
Article
UAV Icing: Aerodynamic Degradation Caused by Intercycle and Runback Ice Shapes on an RG-15 Airfoil
by Joachim Wallisch, Markus Lindner, Øyvind Wiig Petersen, Ingrid Neunaber, Tania Bracchi, R. Jason Hearst and Richard Hann
Drones 2024, 8(12), 775; https://doi.org/10.3390/drones8120775 - 20 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1488
Abstract
Electrothermal de-icing systems are a popular approach to protect unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from the performance degradation caused by in-cloud icing. However, their power and energy requirements must be minimized to make these systems viable for small and medium-sized fixed-wing UAVs. Thermal de-icing [...] Read more.
Electrothermal de-icing systems are a popular approach to protect unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from the performance degradation caused by in-cloud icing. However, their power and energy requirements must be minimized to make these systems viable for small and medium-sized fixed-wing UAVs. Thermal de-icing systems allow intercycle ice accretions and can result in runback icing. Intercycle and runback ice increase the aircraft’s drag, requiring more engine thrust and energy. This study investigates the aerodynamic influence of intercycle and runback ice on a typical UAV wing. Lift and drag coefficients from a wind tunnel campaign and Ansys FENSAP-ICE simulations are compared. Intercycle ice shapes result in a drag increase of approx. 50% for a realistic cruise angle of attack. While dispersed runback ice increases the drag by 30% compared to the clean wing, a spanwise ice ridge can increase the drag by more than 170%. The results highlight that runback ice can significantly influence the drag coefficient. Therefore, it is important to design the de-icing system and its operation sequence to minimize runback ice. Understanding the need to minimize runback ice helps in designing viable de-icing systems for UAVs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Development in Drones Icing)
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Review

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47 pages, 22036 KiB  
Review
Investigation into UAV Applications for Environmental Ice Detection and De-Icing Technology
by Qingying Li, Zhijie Chai, Rao Yao, Tian Bai and Huanyu Zhao
Drones 2025, 9(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/drones9010005 - 24 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2244
Abstract
In cold environments, ice formation poses significant risks to infrastructure such as transportation systems and power transmission. Yet, traditional de-icing methods are often time-consuming, hazardous, and inefficient. In this regard, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have shown great potential in environmental ice detection and [...] Read more.
In cold environments, ice formation poses significant risks to infrastructure such as transportation systems and power transmission. Yet, traditional de-icing methods are often time-consuming, hazardous, and inefficient. In this regard, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have shown great potential in environmental ice detection and de-icing applications. This study comprehensively reviews the application of UAVs in ice detection and de-icing operations in external environments, emphasizing their potential to replace traditional manual methods. Firstly, the latest developments in UAV-based external ice detection technology are examined, with a focus on the unique capabilities of sensors such as multispectral cameras, infrared imagers, and LiDAR in capturing specific ice features. Subsequently, the implementation and effectiveness of chemical, mechanical, and thermal de-icing methods delivered via UAV platforms are evaluated, focusing on their operational efficiency and adaptability. In addition, key operational requirements are reviewed, including environmental adaptability, mission planning and execution, and command transmission, as well as system design and manufacturing. Finally, the practical challenges involved in deploying UAVs under complex weather conditions are examined and solutions are proposed. These are aimed at promoting future research and ultimately driving the adoption of UAV technology in de-icing applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Development in Drones Icing)
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