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Diagnostics
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Diagnosis and Management of Colorectal Diseases
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Diagnosis and Management of Colorectal Diseases

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Diagnosis and Prognosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 1607

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Filippo Carannante

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Unit of Colorectal Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200-00128 Roma, Italy
Interests: abdominal surgery; minimally invasive surgery; colorectal surgery; colorectal cancer; IBD; image-guided surgery; rectal functional disorders; ERAS
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Guglielmo Niccolò Piozzi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Colorectal Surgery, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Southwick Hill Road, Cosham, Portsmouth PO6 3LY, UK
Interests: colorectal cancer; robotic surgery; intersphincteric resection; complete mesocolic excision; advanced lymphadenectomy; surgical techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, dedicated to the “Diagnosis and Management of Colorectal Diseases”, delves into the latest advancements and challenges in the field. It showcases cutting-edge research on early detection methods, innovative surgical techniques, and non-invasive therapeutic options for a broad spectrum of colorectal conditions. The contributors, comprising renowned experts and emerging scholars, will provide comprehensive insights into etiology, diagnosis, and management strategies tailored to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life. This comprehensive collection seeks to serve as a vital resource for clinicians, researchers, and healthcare professionals alike, fostering a deeper understanding and improved care for those affected by colorectal diseases.

Dr. Filippo Carannante
Dr. Guglielmo Niccolò Piozzi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • colorectal diseases
  • markers
  • diagnosis
  • prognosis
  • screening

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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11 pages, 238 KiB  
Article
Clinical Yield of Colonoscopy in Evaluation of Young Women with Constipation: An Age- and Gender-Based Analysis
by Amani Beshara, Avraham Yitzhak, Revital Guterman, Ruhama Elhayany, Majd Khader, Sarah Weissmann and Naim Abu-Freha
Diagnostics 2025, 15(10), 1209; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15101209 - 11 May 2025
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Abstract
Background: Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints among women, with a variety of contributing factors. We aimed to assess the role of colonoscopy in evaluating young women with constipation. Methods: A multi-center, large cohort, retrospective study included all data from [...] Read more.
Background: Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints among women, with a variety of contributing factors. We aimed to assess the role of colonoscopy in evaluating young women with constipation. Methods: A multi-center, large cohort, retrospective study included all data from colonoscopies performed between 2016 and 2023 in seven endoscopy departments. The indications and findings of the procedures were collected, and findings of young women aged ≤40 y with constipation as an indication were compared to older women and men of the same age groups. Results: The cohort comprised 377,795 patients, including 198,629 (52.6%) females and 179,166 (47.4%) males. In total, 7872 females underwent colonoscopy for constipation and other indications (Cohort 1). In addition, 6852 women were referred for a colonoscopy for constipation only (Cohort 2). In sum, 75% of colonoscopies in women <40 y were normal in both cohorts. In Cohort 1, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) were significantly higher in women <40 y with Ulcerative Colitis (UC) (1.2%) and Crohn’s disease (CD) (0.7%), p < 0.001). The rate of IBD was lower but still significant in Cohort 2. In both cohorts, diverticulosis and polyp rates exponentially increased with age >40 y, p < 0.001. Higher rates of diverticulosis and polyps were found among males <40 y in Cohort 1. One case (0.1%) of Colorectal cancer (CRC) was found in <40 y women. Similar IBD and CRC rates were found in males and females of all ages, p > 0.05. Conclusions: The diagnostic yield of colonoscopy for investigating isolated constipation in young females is not significant. Diagnostic work-up should be guided by accurate clinical understanding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Colorectal Diseases)
19 pages, 4144 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Immunoscore, MRI Tumor Regression Grade, and Neoadjuvant Rectal Score in Predicting Pathologic Response in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer in the Averectal Study
by Mustafa Natout, Ahmad Machmouchi, Hero Hussain, Laudy Chehade, Noura Abbas, Rim Turfa, Joseph Kattan, Sally Temraz, Ayman Tawil, Mousa Elkhaldi, Omar Jaber, Rula Amarin, Tala Alawabdeh, Maya Charafeddine, Monita Al Darazi and Ali Shamseddine
Diagnostics 2025, 15(7), 913; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15070913 - 2 Apr 2025
Viewed by 476
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Predictive tools are needed to assess the response to treatment and guide treatment decisions for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). This study explores the value of combining the immunoscore (IS) and magnetic resonance imaging tumor regression grade (mrTRG) with pathologic and [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Predictive tools are needed to assess the response to treatment and guide treatment decisions for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). This study explores the value of combining the immunoscore (IS) and magnetic resonance imaging tumor regression grade (mrTRG) with pathologic and radiologic neoadjuvant rectal (NAR) scores in predicting pathologic complete response (pCRs). Methods: The scores were assessed for patients with LARC enrolled in the Averectal study (NCT03503630), who received five fractions of short-course radiotherapy, followed by six cycles of mFOLFOX-6 plus avelumab, and total mesorectal excision. The IS was calculated using the mean density percentiles of CD3- and CD8-positive T-cells on baseline biopsy samples. Baseline and post-treatment MRIs were reviewed to measure the mrTRG. NAR scores were calculated using the pre-treatment T stage and post-treatment pathologic and radiologic N and T stages. Results: Fifteen out of thirty-five patients whose data were available achieved pCR (42.8%), and seven out of fourteen patients with mrTRG = 1 (complete response) attained pCR. In patients with both a mrTRG = 1 and high IS, the pCR rate was 66.7% (6/9). All of the patients who achieved pCR had a low or intermediate pathologic NAR score with a significant correlation between pCR and pathologic NAR scores (p < 0.0001). Both pathologic and radiologic NAR scores were correlated with overall survival and disease-free survival. Conclusions: The IS can supplement the mrTRG to better predict TNT outcomes, along with the use of the NAR score. This combination could potentially help with patient selection for non-operative management and guide treatment strategies for those with different recurrence risks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Colorectal Diseases)
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14 pages, 2605 KiB  
Case Report
Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Anal Canal Mimicking Colorectal Cancer: Case Report and Hints to Improve a Patient’s Fitness for Treatment and Prevention
by Vito Rodolico, Paola Di Carlo, Girolamo Geraci, Giuseppina Capra, Cinzia Calà, Claudio Costantino, Maria Meli and Consolato M. Sergi
Diagnostics 2025, 15(7), 885; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15070885 - 1 Apr 2025
Viewed by 588
Abstract
Background and Clinical Significance: Men who engage in anal fisting may experience full rectal and colon thickness injury resulting in an endoscopic emergency. The endoscopist does not routinely question patients about their sexual habits, nor are patients compliant with counseling during the endoscopy [...] Read more.
Background and Clinical Significance: Men who engage in anal fisting may experience full rectal and colon thickness injury resulting in an endoscopic emergency. The endoscopist does not routinely question patients about their sexual habits, nor are patients compliant with counseling during the endoscopy procedure as indicated by the infectious disease clinician. Case Presentation: A 47-years-old HIV- and monkeypox virus (MPXV)-negative Caucasian gay man underwent colonoscopy because of changes in bowel habits with anal discomfort and rectal bleeding. The first colonoscopy showed a vegetative annular neoformation of the anal canal. There was a concentric stenosis of the lumen. The endoscopist suspected the diagnosis of anal squamous cell carcinoma and a histopathology investigation was requested. Biopsy histology excluded a frank neoplasm or anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). Then, the patient was referred to a multidisciplinary team. With adequate counseling, the patient disclosed his habitual anal fisting. Laboratory identification of L1–L3 Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) genovars was positive for CT L1, L2, real-time PCR for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Mycoplasma hominis. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-DNA detection identified HPV type 70, 68, and 61. We illustrate this case with plenty of histology and immunohistochemistry. We also review the differential diagnosis of AIN according to the 5th edition (2019) WHO Classification of Digestive System Tumours. Conclusions: Our patient emphasizes two important aspects of endoscopy and pathology: first, the significance of understanding patients’ sexual behaviors in diagnosing rectal and colon injuries, as well as the need for sexually transmitted infections (STI) screening especially for CT; and second, the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary communication model that encourages private discussions to alleviate patients’ fears and improve prevention efforts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Colorectal Diseases)
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