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Coatings
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Coatings against Corrosion, Microbial Adhesion, and Biofouling
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Coatings against Corrosion, Microbial Adhesion, and Biofouling

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Corrosion, Wear and Erosion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 17479

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Judit Telegdi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Faculty of Light Industry and Environmental Engineering, Óbuda University, Doberdó u. 6, 1034 Budapest, Hungary
2. HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudosok Krt. 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: inhibition of corrosion and microbiologically influenced corrosion; multifunctional inhibitors and biocides used in dissolved form and in molecular layers; self-assembled molecular films; self-healing and slow-release coatings; surface visualization (atomic force microscopy; scanning electron microscopy)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue on Coatings against Corrosion, Microbial Adhesion, and Biofouling would like to inspire all researchers and specialists who could contribute with their new results achieved in this field, and show what the newest, most interesting results are.

Corrosion, a thermodynamically spontaneous, undesired process is the deterioration of metals in the presence of an aggressive environment. These chemical and electrochemical alterations cause significant changes in the physical and mechanical states, and cost a lot of money.

When corrosion relevant micro- and macro-organisms (bacteria, algae, fungi, plants, and animals) are present in the environment, one can calculate the microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC), which refers to the influence of microbes on the kinetics of the corrosion processes caused by the adhesion of microorganisms to the interfaces. In this case, not only the environment, but the microbial presence and their aggressive metabolites can increase (directly or indirectly) the corrosion rate. Corrosive microorganisms like to attach to solids, to form biofilms at the solid/liquid interface; from the point of view of corrosion, the embedded microbes in biofilms are more dangerous than the planktonic ones.

Coatings that can decrease the rate of all types of corrosion are applied in order to control corrosive deterioration; they should save the original state of the solid surfaces exposed to aggressive environments, and must remain intact and adherent on the surface. There are many reasons for coating deterioration and for corrosion beneath a coating, such as unsuitable coating, permeation, heat, chemical, and physical and mechanical influence.

The organic coatings used for the protection of metallic (and non-metallic) deterioration depend on the nature of the environment. They have an extreme chemical complexity and heterogeneity, special microstructure, and interfacial properties, and should be environmentally acceptable and able to maintain a long life.

Considerable progress has been made in the design of anti-corrosion and antifouling coatings.

There are different mechanisms that help in decreasing the corrosion processes. The coatings can continuously release the active materials (coatings with inhibitors), or in the smart coatings, the inhibitors/biocides are in nanocontainers (micro/nanocapsuls) when the active ingredient will be released via an external or internal mechanism.

The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight the latest researches, experimental works, and analytical techniques on the field of coatings applied against corrosion, microbial adhesion, and biodeposition. The topic has been in the limelight of scientists and industrial specialists, which has resulted in numerous publications and applications. This Special Issue is dedicated to the recent achievements and ongoing research done in the elaboration of new, multifunctional coatings effective in the inhibition of the deterioration of solid surfaces and of coatings, as well as in the development of new analytical methods applicable either in laboratory or industrial systems.

Not only original papers, but also reviews are welcome on the following topics:

New special multifunctional coatings:

  • when the inhibitor or biocide is involved into the coating (continuous release);
  • when the active materials are incorporated into containers (tubes, capsules, and core/shell structure); smart coatings with slow release mechanisms (microspheres with porous structure);
  • recently developed core/shell capsules with new (one or more) active materials that can decrease the microbial adhesion and/or the life conditions for microbial activity.

Nowadays developed techniques to control the deterioration of coated solid surfaces (chemical/electrochemical/biochemical sensors).

Modern approaches to environmentally effective anticorrosion and antifouling systems.

Dr. Judit Telegdi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • anticorrosive coatings
  • coatings against microbial adhesion and biofouling
  • smart coatings with microcapsules and microspheres
  • antifouling strategy
  • characterization of coated surfaces

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 64298 KiB  
Article
Novel Hydrophobic Nanostructured Antibacterial Coatings for Metallic Surface Protection
by Cristina Lavinia Nistor, Catalin Ionut Mihaescu, Daniela Bala, Ioana Catalina Gifu, Claudia Mihaela Ninciuleanu, Sabina Georgiana Burlacu, Cristian Petcu, Mariana-Gratiela Vladu, Adi Ghebaur, Lenuta Stroea and Ludmila Otilia Cinteza
Coatings 2022, 12(2), 253; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020253 - 15 Feb 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4888
Abstract
A simple and cost-efficient method to modify different surfaces in order to improve their bioactivity, corrosion and wear resistance proved to be sol-gel coatings. The silane layers have been shown to be effective in the protection of steel, aluminum or magnesium alloys and [...] Read more.
A simple and cost-efficient method to modify different surfaces in order to improve their bioactivity, corrosion and wear resistance proved to be sol-gel coatings. The silane layers have been shown to be effective in the protection of steel, aluminum or magnesium alloys and copper and copper alloys. Moreover, it has been found that the adding of different inorganic nanoparticles into silica films leads to increasing their performance regarding corrosion protection. In this study, we fabricated, a simple sol-gel method, transparent mono- and bi-layered hydrophobic coatings with simultaneous antibacterial, hydrophobic and anti-corrosive properties for the protection of metallic surfaces against the action of air pollutants or from biological attacks of pathogens. The first layer (the base) of the coating contains silver (Ag) or zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with an antibacterial effect. The second layer includes zinc oxide nanoparticles with flower-like morphology to increase the hydrophobicity of the coating and to improve corrosion-resistant properties. The second layer of the coating contains a fluorinated silica derivative, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl triethoxysilane (PFOTES), which contributes to the hydrophobic properties of the final coating by means of its hydrophobic groups. The mono- and bi-layered coatings with micro/nano rough structures have been applied by brushing on various substrates, including metallic surfaces (copper, brass and mild steel) and glass (microscope slides). The as-prepared coatings showed improved hydrophobic properties (water CA > 90°) when compared with the untreated substrates while maintaining the transparent aspect. The corrosion resistance tests revealed significantly lower values of the corrosion rates recorded for all the protected metallic surfaces, with the lowest values being measured for the bi-layered coatings containing ZnO particles, both in the first and in the second layers of the coating. Considering the antibacterial activity, the most effective were the AOAg-II and AOZnO-II coatings, which exhibited the highest reduction of microbial growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coatings against Corrosion, Microbial Adhesion, and Biofouling)
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14 pages, 3993 KiB  
Article
The Preparation and Characterization of a Cyanide-Free Brush-Plating Solution for Application in the Electric Power Industry
by Kewang Zheng, Zhifei Meng, Jingxian Li, Shuai Peng, Chaofan Huang, Wei Wang, Wei Li and Caiqin Qin
Coatings 2022, 12(2), 194; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020194 - 2 Feb 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2192
Abstract
In this paper, a bright and compact silver coating on a copper sheet was successfully prepared by a coating solution without cyanogen. The effects of cerium nitrate (Ce(NO3)3) content on the structures, physicochemical properties, and application of the coating [...] Read more.
In this paper, a bright and compact silver coating on a copper sheet was successfully prepared by a coating solution without cyanogen. The effects of cerium nitrate (Ce(NO3)3) content on the structures, physicochemical properties, and application of the coating were thoroughly discussed with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), mapping, X-ray diffraction (XRD) electrochemical workstation, and infrared thermometer. The results pointed out that the thickness of the silver coating could reach about 30 μm, with good adhesion to the copper substrate. Cerium nitrate was evenly distributed on the surface of the coating, which can effectively refine the crystal grains and enhance the corrosion resistance. When the dosage of cerium nitrate was 1.0 g/L, the crystal grains were decreased from 144 nm to 65 nm, and the corrosion voltage was increased from −0.238 V to −0.131 V, respectively. The silver plating layer showed the best corrosion resistance with the dosage of silver nitrate, sulfosalicylic acid, additive, cerium nitrate, ammonium acetate, polyethylene glycol 400, and the number of brush-plating operations were 10, 50, 55, 1, 10, 10 g/L, and 8 times, respectively. For application, the temperature of the transformer’s isolating switch could remarkably be decreased from 100 °C to 54 °C with brushing plating by the silver coating solution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coatings against Corrosion, Microbial Adhesion, and Biofouling)
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13 pages, 6279 KiB  
Article
Improved Corrosion Resistance of Magnesium Alloy AZ31 in Ringer Lactate by Bilayer Anodic Film/Beeswax–Colophony
by Anawati Anawati, Medio Febby Fitriana and Muhammad Dikdik Gumelar
Coatings 2021, 11(5), 564; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11050564 - 12 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2514
Abstract
A bilayer anodic film/beeswax–colophony is proposed for improving the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy surface. The bilayer was synthesized on the AZ31 alloy by anodization and subsequent dip coating, and the corrosion behavior was investigated by electrochemical measurements and weight loss test in [...] Read more.
A bilayer anodic film/beeswax–colophony is proposed for improving the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy surface. The bilayer was synthesized on the AZ31 alloy by anodization and subsequent dip coating, and the corrosion behavior was investigated by electrochemical measurements and weight loss test in Ringer lactate at 37 °C. The bilayer improved the electrochemical corrosion resistance by four orders of magnitude, as demonstrated by ~104 times lower corrosion current density in the polarization curves and ~104 higher film resistance in the impedance spectra. The tremendous surface area of the porous anodic film led to a strong attachment of the topcoat beeswax–colophony. Most of the coating remained attached to the surface after 14 days soaking in Ringer lactate. A few small blisters developed under the bilayer contributed to the low mass loss of 0.07 mg/cm2/day compared to the bare substrate, with an average loss rate of 0.25 mg/cm2/day. Local detachment of topcoat layer exposed the underlying anodic film that triggered the deposition of Ca and further nucleation of the Ca–P compound on the surface. The existence of a Ca−P compound with a Ca/P ratio of 1.68 indicated the ability of the bilayer to promote the formation of bone mineral apatite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coatings against Corrosion, Microbial Adhesion, and Biofouling)
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11 pages, 4186 KiB  
Article
Effect of Microstructure on Layered Double Hydroxides Film Growth on Mg-2Zn-xMn Alloy
by Yonghua Chen, Wenhui Yao, Liang Wu, Jing Chen and Fusheng Pan
Coatings 2021, 11(1), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010059 - 7 Jan 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2288
Abstract
The poor corrosion resistance of magnesium (Mg) alloys significantly restricts their wide applications. The preparation of a layered double hydroxides (LDHs) film can provide effective corrosion protection for Mg alloys. Nevertheless, research on the effect of the Mg alloy microstructure on LDHs film [...] Read more.
The poor corrosion resistance of magnesium (Mg) alloys significantly restricts their wide applications. The preparation of a layered double hydroxides (LDHs) film can provide effective corrosion protection for Mg alloys. Nevertheless, research on the effect of the Mg alloy microstructure on LDHs film growth is paid less attention, which was studied in detail in this work. Herein, a Mg-2Zn-xMn alloy with different Mn contents was produced, and an LDHs film was then synthesized on their surfaces. The addition of Mn causes a different microstructure in the Mg-2Zn-xMn alloy, which is gradually refined with increasing Mn content, further affecting the surface morphology, surface chemistry, and corrosion protection of the LDHs film. When the Mn content is 1 wt.% (x = 1), the LDHs film presents the best corrosion protection, with the lowest corrosion current density. No obvious corrosion product could be observed by the naked eyes on the surface. By contrast, severe corrosion occurs on the Mg-2Zn-0Mn alloy (x = 0). Finally, the LDHs film growth mechanism was proposed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coatings against Corrosion, Microbial Adhesion, and Biofouling)
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14 pages, 16500 KiB  
Article
Influence of Epoxy Content on the Properties and Marine Bacterial Adhesion of Epoxy Modified Silicone Coatings
by Ruikang Zhao, Zhanping Zhang and Yuhong Qi
Coatings 2020, 10(2), 126; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10020126 - 2 Feb 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4573
Abstract
This study addresses the issue of enhancing the mechanical properties and adhesion of silicone antifouling coatings. In this paper, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was used to pretreat bisphenol A epoxy resin to obtain epoxy-silicone prepolymer, which was then mixed with hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane to obtain epoxy-modified silicone. [...] Read more.
This study addresses the issue of enhancing the mechanical properties and adhesion of silicone antifouling coatings. In this paper, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was used to pretreat bisphenol A epoxy resin to obtain epoxy-silicone prepolymer, which was then mixed with hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane to obtain epoxy-modified silicone. It was cured with polyamide curing agent and dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst to form film, and a three-component epoxy-modified silicone coating was prepared. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to characterize its chemical structure. The effects of epoxy content on the surface properties, mechanical properties and antibacterial properties of the coatings were characterized by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), contact angle measurements, tensile test and bacterial adhesion test. The results show that adding epoxy makes the adhesion of the coating at level 1 and the surface free energy of the coating was between 15–21 mJ/m2. When its content is less than 22.1 wt %, the coating is in a ductile material state. Once it is higher than 22.1 wt %, the coating was in a brittle material state. As the content increases, material’s hardness and fracture strength increases; elastic modulus decreases first and then increases, but bacteria removal rate decreases. The modification of the epoxy to silicone can effectively improve the adhesion and mechanical properties of the coating, while maintaining the characteristics of the low surface of the coating. It plays a positive role in improving the performance of silicone antifouling coatings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Coatings against Corrosion, Microbial Adhesion, and Biofouling)
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