Synthesis and Application of Functional Polymer Coatings

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Functional Polymer Coatings and Films".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 5160

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Coatings and Polymeric Materials, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
Interests: polymer synthesis and self-assembly; responsive polymer materials including biomaterials and bio-based renewable materials for biomedical and biotechnological applications
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Guest Editor
Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
Interests: thermal storage materials; phase change materials; functional pavement; polymer-based modified asphalt

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Guest Editor
School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
Interests: composite structures; machine learning; genetic algorithms; finite element analysis; laminated composites; numerical techniques

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the continuous advancement of materials science, functional polymers, as a new type of material, have shown tremendous potential applications and societal value in various fields such as electronics, medicine, biology, environmental protection, and new energy, owing to their unique properties such as high molecular weight, high purity, high toughness, and high conductivity. However, facing the increasing demand in modern society for more sustainable, durable, and resilient infrastructure, research into and the application of functional polymer materials have become new hotspots in the field of materials science. Specifically, in the field of transportation infrastructure, emerging functional polymer materials represent a dynamic and continuously developing research area where materials science intersects with transportation engineering. These advanced polymer functional materials not only address the complex environments and diverse challenges in transportation infrastructure such as roads, bridges, tunnels, aerospace, and railway systems but also demonstrate enormous potential in enhancing the durability, safety, and sustainability of these infrastructures. Traditionally, transportation infrastructure has mainly relied on conventional materials such as concrete and steel, but these materials have gradually revealed their limitations in meeting the diverse demands of modern transportation systems. Therefore, researching and developing new types of functional polymer materials to replace or supplement traditional materials has become an important research direction in the field of transportation engineering.

This Special Issue focuses on the “Synthesis and Application of Functional Polymers”. The topics of interest for this Special Issue, in particular, include (but are not restricted to) the following:

  • The methods and techniques for the synthesis of functional polymers;
  • The characterization and regulation of the properties of functional polymers;
  • The applications of functional polymers in transportation infrastructure, energy, environmental protection, and other fields;
  • Cutting-edge research and challenges in functional polymer materials.

Prof. Dr. Andriy Voronov
Dr. Jiasheng Dai
Dr. Tianwei Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • functional polymers
  • synthesis methods
  • transportation infrastructure
  • characterization
  • regulation of properties

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 7701 KiB  
Article
Magnetite-Modified Asphalt Pavements in Wireless Power Transfer: Enhancing Efficiency and Minimizing Power Loss Through Material Optimization
by Xin Cui, Aimin Sha, Liqun Hu and Zhuangzhuang Liu
Coatings 2025, 15(5), 593; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15050593 - 16 May 2025
Viewed by 48
Abstract
Wireless power transfer (WPT) is recognized as a critical technology to advance carbon neutrality in transportation by alleviating charging challenges for electric vehicles and accelerating their adoption to replace fossil fuel. To ensure durability under traffic loads and harsh environments while avoiding vehicle [...] Read more.
Wireless power transfer (WPT) is recognized as a critical technology to advance carbon neutrality in transportation by alleviating charging challenges for electric vehicles and accelerating their adoption to replace fossil fuel. To ensure durability under traffic loads and harsh environments while avoiding vehicle obstructions, WPT primary circuits should be embedded within pavement structures rather than surface-mounted. This study systematically investigated the optimization of magnetite-modified asphalt material composition and thickness for enhancing electromagnetic coupling in WPT systems through integrated numerical and experimental approaches. A 3D finite element model (FEM) and a WPT platform with primary-side inductor–capacitor–capacitor (LCC) and secondary-side series (S) compensation were developed to assess the electromagnetic performance of magnetite content ranging from 0 to 25% and pavement thickness ranging from 30 to 70 mm. Results indicate that magnetite incorporation increased efficiency from 80.3 to 84.7% and coupling coefficients from 0.236 to 0.242, with power loss increasing by only 0.25 W. This enhancement is driven by improved equivalent permeability, which directly enhances magnetic coupling efficiency. A critical pavement thickness of 50 mm was identified, beyond which the reduction in transmission efficiency increased significantly due to magnetic flux dispersion. Additionally, the nonlinear increase in power loss is partially attributed to the significant rise in hysteresis and eddy current losses at elevated magnetite content levels. The proposed design framework, which focuses on 10% magnetite content and a total pavement thickness of 50 mm, achieves an optimal energy transfer efficiency. This approach contributes to sustainable infrastructure development for wireless charging applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Application of Functional Polymer Coatings)
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19 pages, 5881 KiB  
Article
Feasibility of Polyphosphoric Acid in Emulsified Asphalt Modification: Emulsification Characteristics, Rheological Properties, and Modification Mechanism
by Simiao Pan, Xiang Liu, Xiaolong Li, Jingpeng Jia and Jun Yang
Coatings 2025, 15(4), 471; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15040471 - 16 Apr 2025
Viewed by 326
Abstract
Polyphosphoric acid (PPA), a chemical modifier widely used in petroleum asphalt, results in significant performance improvements. However, its effectiveness for modified emulsified asphalt has not yet been thoroughly verified. This study aims to investigate the emulsification properties, rheological characteristics, compatibility, and modification mechanisms [...] Read more.
Polyphosphoric acid (PPA), a chemical modifier widely used in petroleum asphalt, results in significant performance improvements. However, its effectiveness for modified emulsified asphalt has not yet been thoroughly verified. This study aims to investigate the emulsification properties, rheological characteristics, compatibility, and modification mechanisms of PPA-modified emulsified asphalt and validate the feasibility of applying PPA for modification. Initially, PPA-modified emulsified asphalt was prepared at different dosages (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%), and its emulsification characteristics, including evaporation residue properties and storage stability, were evaluated. Subsequently, the rheological performance and compatibility of PPA-modified emulsified asphalt at various temperatures were evaluated using a dynamic shear rheometer. Finally, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and fluorescence microscopy (FM) were utilized to investigate the effects of PPA modification on the chemical composition and microscopic characteristics of emulsified asphalt. The results indicated that, with increasing PPA dosage, the softening point of modified emulsified asphalt initially decreased and then increased, while penetration and ductility first increased and then decreased, accompanied by reduced storage stability. Furthermore, PPA modification can enhance the high-temperature stability, fatigue properties, and low-temperature performance of emulsified asphalt, but the effectiveness depended on the dosage of PPA. Specifically, optimal compatibility of modified emulsified asphalt was achieved at a PPA dosage of 1.0%. Notably, PPA underwent hydrolysis within the emulsified asphalt system, leading to modification mechanisms distinct from those observed in base asphalt modification. At a PPA dosage of 1.0%, asphalt particles within the emulsified asphalt exhibited the most uniform distribution. Conversely, excessive PPA dosage (e.g., 2.0%) caused significant particle aggregation, consequently weakening the modification effect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Application of Functional Polymer Coatings)
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14 pages, 8738 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of a Hydrophobic Coating Using Acacia mearnsii De Wild Tannin Melamine Formaldehyde Microcapsules
by Ana Paula Steigleder and Liane Roldo
Coatings 2025, 15(4), 419; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15040419 - 1 Apr 2025
Viewed by 321
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop and investigate the effect of applying microcapsules containing a melamine formaldehyde resin shell and a tannin extract as a core to form a hydrophobic coating. The microcapsules were obtained by in situ polymerization. Morphological analysis [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is to develop and investigate the effect of applying microcapsules containing a melamine formaldehyde resin shell and a tannin extract as a core to form a hydrophobic coating. The microcapsules were obtained by in situ polymerization. Morphological analysis was performed by focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy. The chemical composition of the tannin extract, the melamine formaldehyde resin, and the polymeric microcapsules with the core of the tannin extract was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermal stability of tannin, melamine formaldehyde resin, and tannin microcapsules was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. In addition, the durability of the coating over time was tested in an environmental test chamber. The polymeric microcapsules containing tannin extract are quasi-spherical, rough, and dense, with a diameter ranging from 1 to 5 μm and a shell thickness of 50 nm. The coating exhibited a hierarchical structure with improved hydrophobic properties, resulting in a contact angle of up to 148°. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Application of Functional Polymer Coatings)
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15 pages, 4586 KiB  
Article
Ester Exchange Modification for Surface-Drying Time Control and Property Enhancement of Polyaspartate Ester-Based Polyurea Coatings
by Xiandi Yang, Yiqing Deng, Peini Li, Kaixuan Guo and Qiang Zhao
Coatings 2025, 15(2), 244; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15020244 - 19 Feb 2025
Viewed by 503
Abstract
In recent years, polyurea (PUA) systems have drawn considerable attention in the coatings industry for their superior performance. Among these systems, polyaspartate ester-based polyurea (PAE-PUA) stands out for its excellent comprehensive properties, and the structure of the diamines used in polyaspartate ester (PAE) [...] Read more.
In recent years, polyurea (PUA) systems have drawn considerable attention in the coatings industry for their superior performance. Among these systems, polyaspartate ester-based polyurea (PAE-PUA) stands out for its excellent comprehensive properties, and the structure of the diamines used in polyaspartate ester (PAE) significantly influences key performance attributes, such as gel time, mechanical properties, and thermal stability. To investigate the influence of diamine structures on PAE-PUA properties, this study synthesized PAEs through ester exchange reactions involving diamines and monohydric alcohols with varied chain lengths and structural types (linear or cyclic). The effects of four diamines (D230, DMH, IPDA, PACM) and four monohydric alcohols (CA, DDA, OD, CHOL) on polyurea coating properties were systematically examined. The results demonstrated that adjusting the structural regularity of PAEs via ester exchange reactions effectively regulated their viscosity, maintaining it below 1500 mPa·s. These reactions also enabled simultaneous regulation of surface-drying time, mechanical properties, and thermal performance. Notably, introducing 1-octadecanol (OD) significantly improved surface-drying time and thermal stability, whereas cyclic structures in diamines or alcohols resulted in higher glass transition temperatures (Tg). Additionally, the mechanical properties and reaction rates of modified PAEs can be tailored to meet specific application requirements, offering an effective strategy for developing polyurea materials optimized for the coatings industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Application of Functional Polymer Coatings)
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16 pages, 11263 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Performance Improvement Mechanism of Foamed Rubber Asphalt Based on Micro and Macro Perspectives
by Bin Ren, Wei Wang and Bin Guo
Coatings 2024, 14(12), 1541; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14121541 - 9 Dec 2024
Viewed by 770
Abstract
Foamed rubber asphalt has attracted wide attention in cold-recycled pavement projects due to its excellent performance, strong construction performance and resource conservation, but the mechanism of its performance improvement after foaming is still unclear. In order to explore the difference in the performance [...] Read more.
Foamed rubber asphalt has attracted wide attention in cold-recycled pavement projects due to its excellent performance, strong construction performance and resource conservation, but the mechanism of its performance improvement after foaming is still unclear. In order to explore the difference in the performance of rubber asphalt before and after foaming, this study systematically analyzed the performance improvement mechanism of asphalt from nano, micro and macro perspectives. Molecular dynamics simulation results show that the density and modulus of rubber asphalt decrease after foaming. After foaming, the glass transition temperature of rubber asphalt decreased by 4.4 K, and the free volume fraction decreased by 4.7%, which indicated that its low-temperature toughness was enhanced. The simulation results also illustrate the performance enhancement mechanism of rubber asphalt. Rubber and asphalt are physically mixed and do not undergo chemical reactions. However, foaming makes the rubber particles more evenly distributed, helping to improve the toughness and fatigue properties of asphalt. Macroscopic test results show that the high-temperature performance and fatigue performance of foamed asphalt are reduced, while the low-temperature performance is improved. The molecular simulation results are consistent with the experimental results, providing a comprehensive explanation for the improvement mechanism of rubber asphalt performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Application of Functional Polymer Coatings)
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19 pages, 9358 KiB  
Article
Effect of Smart Aggregate Size on Mesostructure and Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Mixtures
by Yupeng Li, Chengxin Mao, Mengyang Sun, Jinlong Hong, Xin Zhao, Pengfei Li and Jingjing Xiao
Coatings 2024, 14(10), 1238; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14101238 - 26 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 937
Abstract
In recent years, smart aggregates have emerged as a promising tool for monitoring the movement of and changes in particles inside asphalt mixtures. However, there remain significant differences between smart aggregates and real rock aggregates, particularly the lack of an asphalt coating on [...] Read more.
In recent years, smart aggregates have emerged as a promising tool for monitoring the movement of and changes in particles inside asphalt mixtures. However, there remain significant differences between smart aggregates and real rock aggregates, particularly the lack of an asphalt coating on the surface of smart aggregates. Currently, the research on the impact of smart aggregates themselves on the structure and properties of asphalt mixtures is lacking. Therefore, this study focuses on the influence of smart aggregate size on the mesostructure and mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures. Firstly, based on laboratory tests and the discrete element method (DEM), discrete element models of asphalt mixture specimens containing smart aggregates of various sizes were constructed, followed by simulated compaction tests. The effects of smart aggregate size on the mesostructure of asphalt mixture voids were then analyzed. Lastly, in this study, the changes in the dynamic modulus of asphalt mixtures were explored with increasing smart aggregate size and the underlying mechanisms. The results indicate that as the size of smart aggregates increases, the average void ratio of the asphalt mixture specimens decreases, but the heterogeneity of the void distribution increases. Additionally, with the increase in smart aggregate size, the dynamic modulus of the mixture specimens decreases. Further strain analysis of the specimens suggests that the increase in cross-sectional deformation is the primary cause of the reduction in modulus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Application of Functional Polymer Coatings)
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13 pages, 6833 KiB  
Article
Doping and Superhydrophobic Modification for Improving Marine Antifouling Performance of Alkali-Based Geopolymer Coating
by Mingyang Sun, Yao Qin, Jianli Tan, Jiazheng Liu, Jing Li and Xuemin Cui
Coatings 2024, 14(8), 974; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14080974 - 2 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1349
Abstract
Although pure alkali-activated materials (AAMs) only depend on high alkalinity to resist biological pollution, the effects of which are inadequate, it is essential to add cuprous oxide to reinforce the antifouling effect. In this paper, triethoxycaprylylsilane (TTOS) was used as a superhydrophobic modifier [...] Read more.
Although pure alkali-activated materials (AAMs) only depend on high alkalinity to resist biological pollution, the effects of which are inadequate, it is essential to add cuprous oxide to reinforce the antifouling effect. In this paper, triethoxycaprylylsilane (TTOS) was used as a superhydrophobic modifier that was copolymerized with the exposed hydroxyl groups on the alkali-based geopolymers coating and then generated micro/nanostructures. Therefore, superhydrophobic geopolymer coating can achieve long-lasting controlled release of Cu2+ by controlling the inflow and outflow of water to achieve the aim of extending the antibiofouling life of coating when cuprous oxide is added to alkali-based geopolymer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Application of Functional Polymer Coatings)
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