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Coatings
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Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, 5th Edition
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Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, 5th Edition

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Characterization, Deposition and Modification".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2026 | Viewed by 5492

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Alicia Esther Ares

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales (FCEQyN), Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM), Posadas N3300LQD, Argentina
2. Programa de Materiales y Fisicoquímica (ProMyF), Instituto de Materiales de Misiones (IMAM-CONICET), Posadas N3300LQD, Argentina
Interests: metallic materials; alloys; solidification; properties; corrosion; biomaterials; nanomaterials; corrosion inhibitors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The desired properties of surface components include the improvement of different properties, such as aesthetic appearance, oxidation resistance, wear resistance, mechanical properties, electronic or electrical properties, thermal insulation, and corrosion resistance through barriers.

These properties can be enhanced using different methods, such as adding a coating. Nevertheless, the bulk of the material or substrate cannot be considered independent of the surface treatment.

Potential topics for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the full range of surface engineering aspects, i.e., surface integrity, contact mechanics, friction and wear, coatings and surface treatments, multiscale tribology, computational methods, and optimization techniques applied in surface engineering.

Contributions to this Special Issue are welcome on all subjects of manufacturing and surface engineering. We especially welcome papers that raise new questions and new possibilities or examine old problems from a new angle.

Dr. Alicia Esther Ares
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • surface engineering
  • surface treatment
  • oxidation resistance
  • friction and wear
  • corrosion resistance
  • coatings

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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24 pages, 32069 KB  
Article
Microstructure Evolution, Growth Kinetics and Microhardness of Powder-Pack Borided Layers Produced on K190 Ledeburitic Chromium Steel Manufactured Using Powder Metallurgy
by Natalia Makuch, Michał Kulka, Mourad Keddam, Piotr Dziarski, Dominika Panfil-Pryka and Maciej Tuliński
Coatings 2026, 16(5), 622; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16050622 - 21 May 2026
Viewed by 190
Abstract
The unique powder-pack boriding technique using an open retort with boriding medium was applied for the first time in order to produce boride layers on K190 ledeburitic chromium steel manufactured using powder metallurgy. The processes were carried out using the commercial Durborid® [...] Read more.
The unique powder-pack boriding technique using an open retort with boriding medium was applied for the first time in order to produce boride layers on K190 ledeburitic chromium steel manufactured using powder metallurgy. The processes were carried out using the commercial Durborid®G powder mixture at 1173 K, 1223 K, and 1273 K for 3 h, 6 h, and 9 h. As a result of the boriding of the high-carbon and high-chromium substrate, three zones were revealed in the produced surface layers: the outer FeB zone, the inner Fe2B zone, and the transition zone, with increased carbon content. The total thickness of the boride layers (FeB + Fe2B) ranged from 14.13 µm at the lowest temperature and shortest time to 65.49 µm at the highest temperature and longest duration. Increasing the temperature and extending the boriding time resulted in a deeper FeB zone as well as a thicker total layer (FeB + Fe2B). The growth kinetics of the produced layers on the surface of K190 steel were analyzed for the first time using the mean diffusion coefficient model. The thicknesses of the FeB zone and the total layer (FeB + Fe2B) were determined. The activation energies of boron for the FeB and Fe2B phases calculated in this work are comparable with other results for the powder-pack boriding of high-carbon tool steels. As a consequence of the high chromium content in K190 steel, chromium borides were observed in the boride zones, which increased the hardness of the surface layer. The highest temperature used resulted in the formation of vanadium borides. The presence of the transition zone with an increased carbon concentration and a high percentage of carbides resulted from the movement of carbon atoms toward the core by the advancing boron diffusion front. The parameters of boriding (temperature and time) as well as the presence of alloying elements in the substrate material influenced the microhardness of the boride layers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, 5th Edition)
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13 pages, 5447 KB  
Article
The Effects of Sn, Mn, Er and Zr on Homogenized Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 6082 Aluminum Alloy
by Jiayi Zhang, Yi Lu, Shengping Wen, Xiaolan Wu, Kunyuan Gao, Li Rong, Wu Wei, Hui Huang and Zuoren Nie
Coatings 2026, 16(1), 60; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16010060 - 5 Jan 2026
Viewed by 595
Abstract
This research systematically investigates the influence of multi-microalloying with Sn, Mn, Er, and Zr on the homogenized microstructure, aging behavior, and mechanical properties of a 6082 Al-Mg-Si alloy. The optimization of the homogenization treatment for the alloy was based on isochronal aging curves [...] Read more.
This research systematically investigates the influence of multi-microalloying with Sn, Mn, Er, and Zr on the homogenized microstructure, aging behavior, and mechanical properties of a 6082 Al-Mg-Si alloy. The optimization of the homogenization treatment for the alloy was based on isochronal aging curves and conductivity measurements. The results show that the addition of Mn, Er, and Zr can precipitate thermally stable Al(Fe,Mn)Si dispersoids and Al(Er,Zr) dispersoids. The three-stage homogenization treatment resulted in the precipitation of more heat-resistant dispersoids, thereby achieving the best thermal stability. During direct artificial aging, the initial hardening rate of the Mn-containing alloy was slightly delayed, but its peak hardness was significantly increased. This is due to the dispersoids offering additional heterogeneous nucleation sites for the strengthening precipitates. Meanwhile, the Sn atoms release their trapped vacancies at the aging temperature, thereby promoting atomic diffusion. However, short-term natural aging before artificial aging accelerated the early-stage aging response of the Sn-containing alloy but resulted in a reduced peak hardness. Notably, the co-microalloying with Mn and Sn led to a higher peak hardness during direct artificial aging, while it caused a more significant hardness loss when a natural aging preceded artificial aging, revealing a distinct synergistic negative effect. The reason for the negative synergy effect might be related to the weakened ability of Sn to release vacancies after natural aging. This study clarifies the process dependence of microalloying effects, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing aluminum alloy properties through the synergistic design of composition and processing routes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, 5th Edition)
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25 pages, 7923 KB  
Article
Thermal Analysis and Parameter Optimization of the Ironing Process for FDM-Printed PLA and ABS Parts
by Chaoda Chen, Xuan Lu, Renfei Hu, Zeping Xiao, Rulin Chen, Caiming Zhong and Jindong Yu
Coatings 2025, 15(11), 1354; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15111354 - 20 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 961
Abstract
The surface roughness of fused deposition modeling (FDM) parts severely limits their applications. Ironing, as an effective method to enhance surface quality, exhibits unclear interactions among its process parameters and lacks defined optimal process windows for different materials. To address this, this study [...] Read more.
The surface roughness of fused deposition modeling (FDM) parts severely limits their applications. Ironing, as an effective method to enhance surface quality, exhibits unclear interactions among its process parameters and lacks defined optimal process windows for different materials. To address this, this study employs a simulation to reveal the influence of ironing speed on the temperature field. Combining single-factor experiments with response surface methodology, predictive models for the surface roughness of PLA and ABS are established. Results indicate significant parameter interactions: PLA roughness is primarily governed by the interaction between ironing speed and ironing flow, while ABS roughness is co-influenced by the main effects of all three parameters (ironing speed, ironing flow, and ironing line spacing) as well as the interactions between speed and flow, and speed and line spacing. After optimization, the optimal surface roughness Ra values for PLA and ABS parts reached 0.852 μm and 1.014 μm, respectively. This study clarifies the dependence of ironing process effectiveness on material properties at the experimental optimization level, providing a theoretical basis for precise control of the FDM ironing process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, 5th Edition)
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Review

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28 pages, 3871 KB  
Review
A Review on Tribological Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Surface Coatings on Steel Substrates
by Xin Wang, Wenqi Zhao, Tingting Shi, Lijuan Cheng, Suwen Hu, Chunxia Zhou, Li Cui, Ning Li and Peter K. Liaw
Coatings 2025, 15(11), 1314; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15111314 - 11 Nov 2025
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3138
Abstract
Surface coatings have proven highly effective in addressing the critical challenges of friction, wear, and corrosion on steel substrates, which are responsible for over 80% of mechanical failures in industrial applications. Recent research highlights that advanced coatings—such as ceramic carbides/nitrides, high-entropy alloys, and [...] Read more.
Surface coatings have proven highly effective in addressing the critical challenges of friction, wear, and corrosion on steel substrates, which are responsible for over 80% of mechanical failures in industrial applications. Recent research highlights that advanced coatings—such as ceramic carbides/nitrides, high-entropy alloys, and metal-matrix composites—significantly enhance hardness, wear resistance, and environmental durability through mechanisms including protective oxide film formation, solid lubrication, and microstructural refinement. Moreover, these coatings exhibit robust performance under combined tribological-corrosive (tribocorrosion) conditions, where synergistic interactions often accelerate material degradation. Key developments include multilayer and composite architectures that balance hardness with toughness, self-lubricating coatings capable of in situ lubricant release, and active or self-healing systems for sustained corrosion inhibition. Despite these advances, challenges remain in predicting coating lifetime under multifield service conditions and optimizing interfacial adhesion to prevent delamination. Future efforts should prioritize multifunctional coating designs, improved tribocorrosion models, and the integration of sustainable materials and AI-driven process optimization. This review consolidates these insights to support the development of next-generation coatings for extending the service life of steel components across demanding sectors such as marine, aerospace, and energy systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Surface Engineering, 5th Edition)
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