Manufacturing and Surface Engineering IV

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Characterization, Deposition and Modification".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 8549

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Instituto de Materiales de Misiones, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
Interests: solidification of metals; processing of metals; mechanical properties of metals; nanotechnology applied to metals products; modelization; corrosion of metals and alloys
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The desired properties of surface components include the improvement of different properties, such as aesthetic appearance, oxidation resistance, wear resistance, mechanical properties, electronic or electrical properties, thermal insulation, and corrosion resistance through barriers.

These properties can be enhanced using different methods, such as by adding a coating. Nevertheless, the bulk of the material or substrate cannot be considered independent of the surface treatment.

Potential topics for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the full range of surface engineering aspects, i.e., surface integrity, contact mechanics, friction and wear, coatings and surface treatments, multiscale tribology, computational methods, and optimization techniques applied in surface engineering.

Contributions to this Special Issue are welcomed on all subjects of manufacturing and surface engineering. We especially welcome are papers that raise new questions and new possibilities or examine old problems from a new angle.

Dr. Alicia Esther Ares
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 11166 KiB  
Article
Microstructure and Properties of CoCrFeNiTix High-Entropy Alloys Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing
by Kai Wang, Daliang Song, Likun Li, Guanghui Shao, Yingye Mi, Huiping Hu, Chuan Liu and Ping Tan
Coatings 2024, 14(9), 1171; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14091171 - 11 Sep 2024
Abstract
CoCrFeNi HEAs have better ductility, while the strength and corrosion resistance need to be further improved, while metal materials for deep-sea operations put forward the requirement of excellent mechanical properties and very high corrosion resistance; however, CoCrFeNi HEAs have been less studied for [...] Read more.
CoCrFeNi HEAs have better ductility, while the strength and corrosion resistance need to be further improved, while metal materials for deep-sea operations put forward the requirement of excellent mechanical properties and very high corrosion resistance; however, CoCrFeNi HEAs have been less studied for the trade-off between mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Therefore, the present study utilized the laser melting deposition (LMD) technique to fabricate a series of (CoCrFeNi)Tix (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 at.%) HEAs and systematically investigated the influence of Ti content on the alloy’s microstructure, phase composition, mechanical properties, and electrochemical performance. The research findings revealed that as the Ti content increased, the alloy gradually transformed from a single face-centered cubic (FCC) phase to an FCC and body-centered cubic (BCC) dual-phase structure. The addition of Ti induced a transition in the alloy’s microstructure from an equiaxed to a dendritic morphology, accompanied by grain refinement. Energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis confirmed the uniform distribution of Ti within the alloy. The hardness of the alloy increased significantly with the increase in Ti content, reaching 804.5 HV when the Ti content was 1.0 at.%, which was 4.13 times higher than the Ti-free alloy. The tensile and compression test results showed that the (CoCrFeNi)Tix alloy with a Ti content of 0.4 at.% exhibited the best overall mechanical performance. The electrochemical test results indicated that the addition of Ti effectively enhanced the corrosion resistance of the alloy, with the 0.4 at.% Ti-containing alloy exhibiting the optimal corrosion resistance. This study provides a strong theoretical and experimental foundation for the design of high-performance CoCrFeNi-based HEAs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Surface Engineering IV)
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24 pages, 12704 KiB  
Article
Effect of Nb Doping on the Electrical Contact Properties of AgNi Contact Materials
by Jingqin Wang, Menghan Wang, Jing Chen and Guanglin Huang
Coatings 2024, 14(5), 638; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050638 - 17 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 829
Abstract
AgNi contact materials have received widespread attention with the acceleration of the process of replacing AgCdO contact materials. However, the practical applications of AgNi contact materials are limited due to its disadvantage of poor resistance to melting welding. Firstly, following the first principles [...] Read more.
AgNi contact materials have received widespread attention with the acceleration of the process of replacing AgCdO contact materials. However, the practical applications of AgNi contact materials are limited due to its disadvantage of poor resistance to melting welding. Firstly, following the first principles of the density functional theory, we simulated and tested an interfacial model of AgNi doped with varying amounts of Nb. Next, we fabricated AgNi electrical contact materials. Subsequently, we conducted electrical contact tests. Finally, the impact of Nb doping on the arc erosion behavior of AgNi electrical contact materials was analyzed. The results indicate that, with an increase in Nb doping content, the electrical contact performance and the degree of arc erosion exhibit a trend of initially decreasing and then increasing, which aligns with the simulation results. The mean values of arc energy, arc duration, and welding force for the material doped with 4.55% Nb were 181.02 mJ, 9.43 mS, and 38.45 cN, respectively. Moreover, the anode is more responsive to changes in Nb content compared to the cathode. The introduction of Nb enhances the viscosity of the molten pool in the AgNi electrical contact. Furthermore, the mechanisms of grain boundary strengthening and solid solution strengthening by Nb improve the weld performance resistance of the contact. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Surface Engineering IV)
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15 pages, 7103 KiB  
Article
Improved Ability to Resist Corrosion of Selective-Laser-Melted Stainless Steel Based on Microstructure and Passivation Film Characteristics
by Huimin Tao, Yafang Cai, Zeqi Tong, Yong Huang and Mingming Ding
Coatings 2024, 14(5), 589; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050589 - 9 May 2024
Viewed by 778
Abstract
The local corrosion resistance of forging and selective laser melting (SLM) 304 steels was explored by intergranular corrosion analysis, double-loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation, dynamic polarization experimentation, structural analysis, and passivation film characteristics analysis. The ability to resist sensitization of SLM 304 steel is [...] Read more.
The local corrosion resistance of forging and selective laser melting (SLM) 304 steels was explored by intergranular corrosion analysis, double-loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation, dynamic polarization experimentation, structural analysis, and passivation film characteristics analysis. The ability to resist sensitization of SLM 304 steel is greater than that of forging 304 steel at a temperature of 650 °C for 9 h. Moreover, the pit corrosion resistance of forging and SLM 304 steels is weakened by sensitization, while the pit corrosion resistance of SLM 304 steel is much greater than that of forging steel. Therefore, SLM technology can improve the ability to resist sensitization and pit corrosion of 304 steel. Analysis showed that the ability to resist corrosion of the passivation film of SLM 304 steel is greater than that of forging steel. In addition, corrosion pits are easier to generate at the interface of forging steel and SLM 304 steel. The grain boundary corrosion of SLM 304 steel intensified while the corrosion of the melt pool boundaries weakened after the sensitization treatment, resulting in a decrease in pit corrosion resistance. The coupling effect of these different structures and passivation films decides the pit and sensitization resistance of forging and SLM 304 steels. Clarifying the corrosion mechanism of forging and SLM steels is of great significance for scientific research and the widespread use of SLM technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Surface Engineering IV)
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12 pages, 2643 KiB  
Article
Galvanic Corrosion Behavior of the X80 Steel Welded Joint
by Yadong Li, Jiaxu Sang, Yunzhi Yang, Guoxin Fang, Jianjun Pang and Feng Liu
Coatings 2024, 14(5), 528; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050528 - 24 Apr 2024
Viewed by 862
Abstract
Wire beam electrode techniques and classical electrochemical techniques were used to investigate the effect of the area ratio of each part of the welded joint on the galvanic corrosion behavior. The results showed that the order of the corrosion current density of the [...] Read more.
Wire beam electrode techniques and classical electrochemical techniques were used to investigate the effect of the area ratio of each part of the welded joint on the galvanic corrosion behavior. The results showed that the order of the corrosion current density of the different regions in the simulated X80 steel welded joint was as follows: coarse-grained heat-affected zone > fine-grained heat-affected zone > intercritical heat-affected zone > base metal > weld metal. As the area ratio of weld metal increased, the galvanic potential shifted positively, the maximum anode galvanic current density increased and the main anode galvanic effect increased. On the other hand, as the area ratio of the base metal and the heat-affected zone decreased, the coupled potential shifted negatively and the maximum anode galvanic current density decreased. The galvanic corrosion intensity of the simulated X80 steel welded joint increased as the area ratio of the weld metal decreased and increased as the area ratio of the heat-affected zone and base metal increased. To enhance corrosion resistance, it is advisable to choose a shape with a larger groove to increase the WM area in the welded joint. Additionally, selecting a welding method with lower heat input and a higher energy density can help reduce the HAZ area in the welded joint. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Surface Engineering IV)
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11 pages, 12488 KiB  
Article
Brazing Temperature Effects on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-45Al-8Nb Joints Using TiZrCuNi Amorphous Interlayer
by Sheng Wang, Tianle Xu, Yingchen Wu, Xiguo Chen and Xiaohong Yang
Coatings 2024, 14(3), 300; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14030300 - 29 Feb 2024
Viewed by 943
Abstract
Ti-45Al-8Nb alloy is widely utilized in the lightweight design of the aerospace field because of its excellent properties. In order to make full use of this alloy, it is important to carry out relevant research, such as into the joining process of Ti-45Al-8Nb [...] Read more.
Ti-45Al-8Nb alloy is widely utilized in the lightweight design of the aerospace field because of its excellent properties. In order to make full use of this alloy, it is important to carry out relevant research, such as into the joining process of Ti-45Al-8Nb alloy. In this work, Ti-45Al-8Nb alloys were successfully connected by a TiZrCuNi amorphous interlayer, which was fabricated using the rapid solidification method. Ti-45Al-8Nb joints were composed of two zones. The typical microstructure of a Ti-45Al-8Nb joint was Ti-45Al-8Nb/AlCuTi + Ti3Al/(Ti, Zr)(Cu, Ni) + (Ti, Zr)2(Cu, Ni)/Ti3Al + AlCuTi/Ti-45Al-8Nb. The diffusion of elements between the interlayer and the substrate was enhanced by increasing the brazing temperature, which resulted in an increase in the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer. The maximum shear strength was 171.2 MPa, which was obtained at 930 °C. The typical cleavage fracture was found in all of the Ti-45Al-8Nb joints. The mechanical properties of the joint were compromised at high brazing temperature due to the presence of excessive (Ti, Zr)2(Cu, Ni) phase and coarse Ti3Al phase, both of which are inherently brittle and harmful to the shear strength of the obtained joint. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Surface Engineering IV)
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20 pages, 8089 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Surface Roughness during Surface Polishing of ITO Thin Film Using Acoustic Emission Sensor Monitoring
by Hyo-Jeong Kim, Hee-Hwan Lee and Seoung-Hwan Lee
Coatings 2023, 13(12), 2086; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13122086 - 14 Dec 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1218
Abstract
This study investigates the intricate process of surface polishing for ITO-coated Pyrex glass utilizing magnetic abrasive polishing (MAP) while employing acoustic emission (AE) sensors for real-time defect monitoring. MAP, known for its versatility in achieving nanoscale thickness processing and uniform surfaces, has been [...] Read more.
This study investigates the intricate process of surface polishing for ITO-coated Pyrex glass utilizing magnetic abrasive polishing (MAP) while employing acoustic emission (AE) sensors for real-time defect monitoring. MAP, known for its versatility in achieving nanoscale thickness processing and uniform surfaces, has been widely used in various materials. However, the complexity of the process, influenced by multiple variables like cutting conditions, material properties, and environmental factors, poses challenges to maintaining high surface quality. To address this, a sensor monitoring system, specifically one that uses AE sensors, was integrated into the MAP process to detect and confirm defects, providing real-time insights into machining conditions and outcomes. AE sensors excel in identifying material deterioration, microcrack formation, and wear, even in cases of minor damage. Leveraging AE sensor data, this study aims to minimize surface defects in ITO thin films during MAP while optimizing surface roughness. The investigation involves theoretical validation, magnetic density simulations, and force sensor pressure measurements to identify factors influencing surface roughness. ANOVA analysis is employed to determine optimal processing conditions. Additionally, this study compares the identified optimal roughness conditions with those predicted by AE sensor parameters, aiming to establish a correlation between predicted and achieved surface quality. The integration of AE sensor monitoring within the MAP process offers a promising avenue for enhancing surface quality by effectively identifying and addressing defects in real time. This comprehensive analysis contributes to advancing the understanding of surface polishing methodologies for ITO-coated Pyrex glass, paving the way for improved precision and quality in thin-film surface processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Surface Engineering IV)
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18 pages, 8372 KiB  
Article
Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminum in Acidic Solution by Ilex paraguariensis (Yerba Mate) Extract as a Green Inhibitor
by Claudia M. Méndez, Claudio A. Gervasi, Gonzalo Pozzi and Alicia E. Ares
Coatings 2023, 13(2), 434; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020434 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2012
Abstract
In the present work, the inhibitory effect of Ilex paraguariensis (Yerba Mate) extract on the corrosion of aluminum in 0.1 M HCl solution, in the temperature range of 298–323 K, was studied by using weight loss tests, potentiodynamic polarization measurements and electrochemical impedance [...] Read more.
In the present work, the inhibitory effect of Ilex paraguariensis (Yerba Mate) extract on the corrosion of aluminum in 0.1 M HCl solution, in the temperature range of 298–323 K, was studied by using weight loss tests, potentiodynamic polarization measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The extract of Ilex paraguariensis exhibits improved inhibitory action as its concentration increases while its performance is maintained despite an increase in temperature. EIS theoretical data according to a suitable proposed equivalent circuit were successfully fitted to the experimental data. The adsorption of organic compounds followed a modified Langmuir isotherm behaviour. Derived thermodynamic parameters indicate the occurrence of both chemical and physical adsorption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Manufacturing and Surface Engineering IV)
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