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Children
Special Issues
Treatment Strategies for Hearing Loss in Children
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Treatment Strategies for Hearing Loss in Children

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Otolaryngology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2025) | Viewed by 309

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Silvia Palma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Audiology, Primary Care Department, Azienda USL di Modena, Modena, Italy
Interests: cytomegalovirus infection; congenital hearing loss; communication skills in toddlers; middle ear diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Globally, hearing loss is common in children and represents one of the most frequent congenital diseases in the pediatric population. It has been widely demonstrated that without hearing rehabilitation, hearing loss can cause detrimental effects on language, developmental, and cognitive outcomes.

In the last few years, there has been great progress in the diagnosis and management of these cases. Treatment strategies include hearing device options, cochlear implant and assistive devices. Hearing aid usage in young children remains challenging for both parents and audiologists. The introduction of cochlear implants has greatly changed life conditions for these children. However, outcomes are not always predicable, depending of each child and also on the family.

We encourage the submission of papers that broaden our knowledge on this topic.

Dr. Silvia Palma
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hearing devices
  • cochlear implant
  • outcomes
  • air conduction hearing aids
  • bone conduction hearing devices
  • treatment strategies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1449 KiB  
Article
Cochlear Implant in Children with Congenital CMV Infection: Long-Term Results from an Italian Multicentric Study
by Francesca Forli, Silvia Capobianco, Stefano Berrettini, Francesco Lazzerini, Rita Malesci, Anna Rita Fetoni, Serena Salomè, Davide Brotto, Patrizia Trevisi, Leonardo Franz, Elisabetta Genovese, Andrea Ciorba and Silvia Palma
Children 2025, 12(7), 908; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12070908 - 10 Jul 2025
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is the most common non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in children. In cases of severe-to-profound SNHL, cochlear implantation (CI) is a widely used intervention, but outcomes remain variable due to possible neurodevelopmental comorbidities. This study [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is the most common non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in children. In cases of severe-to-profound SNHL, cochlear implantation (CI) is a widely used intervention, but outcomes remain variable due to possible neurodevelopmental comorbidities. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term auditory and language outcomes in children with cCMV after CI and to explore clinical and radiological predictors of post-CI performance. Methods: Fifty-three children with cCMV and bilateral severe-to-profound SNHL who underwent CI at five tertiary referral centers in Italy were included in the study. Auditory and language outcomes were assessed pre- and post-implantation using the Categories of Auditory Performance II (CAP-II) scale, the Nottingham 3-Level Classification, and the Bates Language Development Scale. Brain MRI abnormalities were classified according to the Alarcón classification. Correlations were explored between outcome scores and symptomatic status at birth, MRI findings, and neurodevelopmental comorbidities. Results: At birth, 40 children (75.5%) were symptomatic and 13 (24.5%) asymptomatic. Neurodevelopmental comorbidities were present in 19 children (35.8%). MRI was normal in 15 (28.3%), mildly abnormal in 26 (49%), and moderately to severely abnormal in 12 (22.6%). Auditory and language outcomes improved significantly post-CI (p < 0.001), though the outcomes varied widely. Twenty-five children (47%) reached CAP level ≥ 6, and thirteen (23%) reached Bates Level 6. Symptomatic status at birth correlated weakly with worse CAP (ρ = −0.291, p = 0.038) and Bates (ρ = −0.310, p = 0.028) scores. Higher Alarcón scores were significantly associated with neurodevelopmental comorbidities, though not directly with post-CI auditory and language outcomes. Finally, the presence of neurodevelopmental disabilities was generally associated with lower results, even if without statistical significance. Conclusions: CI provides substantial auditory and language benefit in children with cCMV, even in cases of severe neurodevelopmental comorbidities. MRI and developmental assessments, as well as perinatal history for clinical signs and symptoms, are helpful in guiding expectations and personalizing post-implantation support. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment Strategies for Hearing Loss in Children)
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