Pediatric Laryngeal Surgery: Emerging Trends

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Otolaryngology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2025) | Viewed by 468

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
2. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
Interests: pediatric laryngology; otology; endoscopy; pediatric surgery; airway surgery; head and neck surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
Interests: pediatric laryngology; otology; endoscopy; pediatric surgery; airway surgery; head and neck surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Division of Phoniatrics and Audiology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, L. Vanvitelli University, Naples, Italy
2. Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
Interests: thyroid gland disorders; laryngopharyngeal reflux

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pediatric airway anomalies encompass a wide range of congenital and acquired conditions, with severe cases requiring surgery. Airway surgery in children is complex, involving a multidisciplinary team of specialists, including ENT surgeons, pediatricians, cardiovascular surgeons, anesthesiologists, intensivists, pulmonologists, cardiologists, gastroenterologists, radiologists, and dedicated nurses. Increasingly, pediatric airway teams worldwide are focused on improving outcomes and reducing procedure invasiveness.

This Special Issue explores working as a multidisciplinary team and presents advances in treating various airway anomalies, including common conditions like post-intubation laryngotracheal stenosis, vocal cord palsy, and tracheomalacia, as well as rarer ones such as congenital tracheal stenosis and tracheo-esophageal fistula. The collection highlights endoscopic pre-operative assessments, classification systems, and conservative measures to prevent disease progression, avoiding tracheotomy or further surgeries. Emphasis is placed on endoscopic procedures that may replace invasive surgeries for some conditions, alongside key open procedures like laryngotracheal reconstruction.

Emerging topics such as percutaneous tracheostomy, tracheopexy for tracheomalacia, and new treatments for papillomatosis can also be discussed. Contributions will provide step-by-step descriptions, illustrations, and practical tips based on clinical experience. This comprehensive collection is aimed at surgeons and all professionals involved in pediatric airway management, offering up-to-date research and insights into this challenging field.

Dr. Michele Gaffuri
Dr. Lorenzo Maria Gaini
Dr. Maria Rosaria Barillari
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • pediatric surgery
  • endoscopy
  • otolaryngology
  • airway surgery
  • laryngomalacia
  • laryngeal web
  • subglottic stenosis
  • laryngeal papillomatosis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

13 pages, 417 KiB  
Review
Current Applications and Outcomes of Robotic Surgery in Pediatric Upper Airway and Neck Procedures: A Systematic Review
by Irene Claudia Visconti, Marella Reale, Virginia Dallari, Eleonora M. C. Trecca, Antonella Miriam Di Lullo, Mario Turri-Zanoni and Michele Gaffuri
Children 2025, 12(6), 765; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12060765 - 13 Jun 2025
Viewed by 283
Abstract
Objectives: This review summarizes current evidence on robotic-assisted upper airway and neck surgery in pediatric patients, highlighting clinical indications, outcomes, limitations, and areas for future research. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, including studies on robotic [...] Read more.
Objectives: This review summarizes current evidence on robotic-assisted upper airway and neck surgery in pediatric patients, highlighting clinical indications, outcomes, limitations, and areas for future research. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, including studies on robotic surgery for pediatric patients (≤18 years) with upper airway conditions and cervical pathologies. Data on study characteristics, patient demographics, surgical details, outcomes, and robotic system advantages or limitations were extracted. Results: Twenty studies met inclusion criteria, comprising 104 pediatric patients who underwent 110 robotic procedures, mostly transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for base of tongue, laryngeal, and cervical pathologies. The Da Vinci Si was the most used system. The mean operative time was ~74 min, with minimal blood loss and no intra/post operative tracheostomies. Reported advantages included enhanced visualization, precision, and reduced morbidity. Limitations involved size mismatches, limited working space, and high costs. Follow-up (mean 11.4 months) revealed no recurrences, confirming feasibility and safety in selected pediatric cases. Conclusions: Robotic-assisted surgery appears to be a feasible and safe option for managing pediatric upper airway and neck conditions, offering promising functional and aesthetic outcomes with low complication rates. However, its use is currently limited by anatomical constraints, high costs, and the need for surgeon training. Long-term prospective studies with larger cohorts are needed to confirm its efficacy and define its role compared to traditional techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pediatric Laryngeal Surgery: Emerging Trends)
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