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Children
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Progress on Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome
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Progress on Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2022) | Viewed by 5138

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Claudia Mandato

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Children’s Hospital Santobono-Pausilipon, 80129 Naples, Italy
Interests: liver diseases; hepatology; fatty liver; insulin resistance; liver transplantation; liver failure; liver diseases and immunology; biliary tract diseases; metabolism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Antonietta Giannattasio

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Ricercatore a Tempo Determinato in Pediatria presso il Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università Federico II, Napoli, Italia
Interests: neonatology; preventive pediatrics
Dr. Francesco Valitutti

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Clinical Pediatrics and Pediatrics, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy
Interests: celiac disease; nutrition; microbiome; chronic constipation; autoimmune enteropathy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), the potentially life-threatening condition occurring weeks after COVID-19, represents a new challenging task for pediatricians. It is characterized by fever, laboratory evidence of inflammation with multisystem (>2) organ involvement (cardiac, renal, respiratory, hematologic, gastrointestinal, dermatologic, or neurological), and markers for current or recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. MIS-C was considered Kawasaki-like because some clinical findings were reminiscent of Kawasaki's disease (KD); however, coronary arteries may not be frequently affected. It occurs in previously healthy children or adolescents, and clinical presentation is often non-specific, leading to misdiagnosis, which can even mimic surgical emergencies. The suitable treatment consists of anti-inflammatory medicaments including intravenous immunoglobulins and corticosteroids, ending up with biologic drugs.

The goal of this Special Issue in Children is to stimulate pediatricians and pediatric surgeons to share their clinical experience in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of MIS-C. The contributions may include basic science/translational studies, clinical trials, review articles, systematic reviews, proposals for new strategic approaches, and prospective/retrospective case studies. Please avoid single case reports.

Dr. Claudia Mandato
Guest Editor

Dr. Antonietta Giannattasio
Dr. Francesco Valitutti
Co-Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
  • COVID-19
  • acute abdomen
  • myocarditis
  • cutaneous rash
  • respiratory failure
  • multiorgan failure

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 257 KiB  
Article
Liver and Pancreatic Involvement in Children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Related to SARS-CoV-2: A Monocentric Study
by Antonietta Giannattasio, Marco Maglione, Carolina D’Anna, Stefania Muzzica, Serena Pappacoda, Selvaggia Lenta, Onorina Di Mita, Giusy Ranucci, Claudia Mandato and Vincenzo Tipo
Children 2022, 9(4), 575; https://doi.org/10.3390/children9040575 - 18 Apr 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2905
Abstract
Liver and pancreatic involvement in children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome related to SARS-CoV-2 (MIS-C) has been poorly investigated so far. We reviewed a cohort of MIS-C patients to analyze the prevalence of acute liver injury (ALI) and pancreatic injury and their correlation with [...] Read more.
Liver and pancreatic involvement in children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome related to SARS-CoV-2 (MIS-C) has been poorly investigated so far. We reviewed a cohort of MIS-C patients to analyze the prevalence of acute liver injury (ALI) and pancreatic injury and their correlation with clinical outcomes. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and imaging features of children with MIS-C at admission and during hospital stay were prospectively collected. Fifty-five patients (mean age 6.5 ± 3.7 years) were included. At admission, 16 patients showed ALI and 5 had increased total serum lipase. During observation, 10 more patients developed ALI and 19 more subjects presented raised pancreatic enzymes. In comparison to those with normal ALT, subjects with ALI were significantly older (p = 0.0004), whereas pancreatic involvement was associated to a longer duration of hospital stay compared with patients with normal pancreatic enzymes (p = 0.004). Time between hospital admission and onset of ALI was shorter compared to the onset of raised pancreatic enzymes (3.2 ± 3.9 versus 5.3 ± 2.7 days, respectively; p = 0.035). Abdominal ultrasound showed liver steatosis in 3/26 (12%) and hepatomegaly in 6/26 (16%) patients with ALI; 2 patients presented enlarged pancreas. Although liver and pancreatic involvement is commonly observed in MIS-C patients, it is mild in most cases with a complete recovery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress on Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome)
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9 pages, 224 KiB  
Communication
Distinctive Phenotype of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated with SARS-CoV-2 According to Patients’ Age: A Monocentric Experience
by Antonietta Giannattasio, Francesca Orlando, Carolina D’Anna, Stefania Muzzica, Francesca Angrisani, Sabrina Acierno, Francesca Paciello, Fabio Savoia, Maria Tardi, Angela Mauro, Luigi Martemucci and Vincenzo Tipo
Children 2022, 9(4), 468; https://doi.org/10.3390/children9040468 - 27 Mar 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1703
Abstract
Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a disease temporally related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and it is characterized by fever, conjunctival injections, rash, gastrointestinal symptoms, and cardiovascular complications. We evaluated the clinical presentation, laboratory findings, imaging features, [...] Read more.
Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a disease temporally related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and it is characterized by fever, conjunctival injections, rash, gastrointestinal symptoms, and cardiovascular complications. We evaluated the clinical presentation, laboratory findings, imaging features, therapeutic interventions, and hospital course of a monocentric cohort, and we analyzed these findings according to two age groups. Methods: Patients with MIS-C admitted to a Tertiary Care Pediatric Hospital from November 2020 to November 2021 were considered for the enrollment. Results: Overall, 35 consecutive patients were included. Most of the children did not require intensive care unit at the admission. The clinical presentation of MIS-C slightly differs according to age groups. Mucocutaneus involvement was more frequent in younger patients, while abdominal symptoms were present in 54% of patients aged less than 5 years and in 95% of patients aged more than 5 years (p < 0.05). In addition, the number of cases with troponin above the normal reference value was significantly higher in older patients (77%) compared to younger cases (15%) (p < 0.01). Conclusions: MIS-C is a new emerging condition and represents a challenge to pediatricians due to the severity of presentation. Further studies to better characterize the long-term outcome of MIS-C patients are mandatory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress on Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome)
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