Neurodevelopmental, Behavioural and Mental Health Disorders in Epilepsy

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Child Neurology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2020) | Viewed by 21004

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Evelina London Consultant & Senior Clinical Lecturer @ Dept of Women & Children’s Health, Life Course Sciences, FOLSM, KCL
Interests: neurodevelopmental disorders; epilepsy; health and population science

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit disorder and intellectual disability affect more than 10% of the population, with onset in childhood. Epilepsy is also a common condition affecting 1% of the population. The prevalence of neurodevelopmental conditions in epilepsy is high (approximately 50%) and, as yet, under-investigated. There is a high prevalence of morbidity (including mental health) and mortality in individuals who have co-morbid neurodevelopmental conditions and epilepsy. In this Special Issue, we invite submissions describing multi- and inter-disciplinary clinical, genetic, immunological and imaging insights into neurodevelopmental conditions in epilepsy, from causation to treatment avenues.

Dr. Michael Absoud
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • epilepsy
  • treatment

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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17 pages, 728 KiB  
Review
Infantile Spasms: An Update on Pre-Clinical Models and EEG Mechanisms
by Remi Janicot, Li-Rong Shao and Carl E. Stafstrom
Children 2020, 7(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/children7010005 - 06 Jan 2020
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 10379
Abstract
Infantile spasms (IS) is an epileptic encephalopathy with unique clinical and electrographic features, which affects children in the middle of the first year of life. The pathophysiology of IS remains incompletely understood, despite the heterogeneity of IS etiologies, more than 200 of which [...] Read more.
Infantile spasms (IS) is an epileptic encephalopathy with unique clinical and electrographic features, which affects children in the middle of the first year of life. The pathophysiology of IS remains incompletely understood, despite the heterogeneity of IS etiologies, more than 200 of which are known. In particular, the neurobiological basis of why multiple etiologies converge to a relatively similar clinical presentation has defied explanation. Treatment options for this form of epilepsy, which has been described as “catastrophic” because of the poor cognitive, developmental, and epileptic prognosis, are limited and not fully effective. Until the pathophysiology of IS is better clarified, novel treatments will not be forthcoming, and preclinical (animal) models are essential for advancing this knowledge. Here, we review preclinical IS models, update information regarding already existing models, describe some novel models, and discuss exciting new data that promises to advance understanding of the cellular mechanisms underlying the specific EEG changes seen in IS—interictal hypsarrhythmia and ictal electrodecrement. Full article
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4 pages, 219 KiB  
Brief Report
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties during COVID-19 Pandemic in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders
by Jacqueline Nonweiler, Fiona Rattray, Jennifer Baulcomb, Francesca Happé and Michael Absoud
Children 2020, 7(9), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/children7090128 - 04 Sep 2020
Cited by 112 | Viewed by 12212
Abstract
Children and young people (CYP) with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) may be particularly vulnerable to adverse mental health effects due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a cross-sectional U.K. parent-reported study from 2nd April–2nd June 2020, using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. CYP with [...] Read more.
Children and young people (CYP) with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) may be particularly vulnerable to adverse mental health effects due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a cross-sectional U.K. parent-reported study from 2nd April–2nd June 2020, using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. CYP with NDDs (n = 371), compared to neurotypical controls, had a higher prevalence of emotional symptoms (42% vs. 15%) and conduct problems (28% vs. 9%), and fewer prosocial behaviours (54% vs. 22%). All groups had worse emotional symptoms than pre-COVID groups, and those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder showed inflated conduct problems, while those with autism spectrum disorder exhibited decreased prosocial behaviours. Females with ASD had higher emotional symptoms compared to males. CYP with NDDs, and those without, showed higher levels of parent-reported mental health problems than comparable cohorts pre-COVID-19. Full article
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