Advances in Orthodontic Technology and Individualized Treatment: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Dentistry & Oral Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 December 2024) | Viewed by 10992

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 72 Athens, Greece
Interests: biomechanics; orthodontic biomaterials; relapse; fixed retainers in orthodontics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 72 Athens, Greece
Interests: cranio-oro-facial development; genetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In this Special Issue, we invite submissions exploring the latest advances in the field of orthodontic technology and individualized treatment. Particularly welcome are works that present current research methodologies regarding quantifiable biological parameters pertinent to orthodontic technology and case-sensitive treatment in children or adolescents. More specifically, we aim to include recent advances in genetic and biological mechanisms related to oro-dento-facial development, as well as links between dental genetics and overall health.

Additionally, we welcome manuscripts dealing with the design and application of biomaterials, as well as their interactions with the body. Contemporary “invisible” orthodontic appliances, such as clear aligners and lingual braces, are treatment options preferable to adults; however, several aspects need further investigation.

Dr. Iosif Sifakakis
Dr. Heleni Vastardis
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • orthodontics
  • genetic analysis
  • dentofacial development
  • somatic health
  • lingual aligners
  • biomaterials

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 6073 KiB  
Article
Characteristics of Unilaterally Impacted Maxillary Canines and Effect on Environmental Tissues: A CBCT Study
by Ebru Kucukkaraca
Children 2023, 10(10), 1694; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10101694 - 16 Oct 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2177
Abstract
Background: The prognosis of orthodontic treatment for a patient with impacted canine teeth can be affected by many factors and understanding some of the characteristics of impacted teeth can increase the effectiveness and reduce the duration of treatment. This study aims to explore [...] Read more.
Background: The prognosis of orthodontic treatment for a patient with impacted canine teeth can be affected by many factors and understanding some of the characteristics of impacted teeth can increase the effectiveness and reduce the duration of treatment. This study aims to explore the effects of positions and dentoalveolar morphological characteristics of impacted maxillary canines on the prognosis of orthodontic treatment. Methods: In this study, forty-six adolescent individuals who applied for treatment of impacted teeth were divided into three groups: CC (no impacted maxillary canine group), BC (unilateral buccally positioned impacted maxillary canine group), and PC (unilateral palatally positioned impacted maxillary canine group). The impacted canine and adjacent teeth were evaluated in terms of position, angulation, inclination, mesiodistal and buccolingual widths, root length, dilaceration angle, and root resorption. Results: The mean values of U3 Ang (angulation of the maxillary impacted canine) and U3/U2 angles (maxillary impacted canine and lateral incisor angle) were statistically significantly higher in the BC and PC groups (p < 0.001). The mean values of U2 RL (lateral incisor root length) and U3 RD (canine root dilaceration angle) were statistically significantly lower in the BC and PC groups. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that shorter root lengths and increased angulation values may lead to the ectopic eruption of canines. The higher canine angulations in the PC group increase the degree of root resorption. Full article
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17 pages, 287 KiB  
Review
Oral Breathing Effects on Malocclusions and Mandibular Posture: Complex Consequences on Dentofacial Development in Pediatric Orthodontics
by Dana Feștilă, Cristina Dora Ciobotaru, Tudor Suciu, Cristian Doru Olteanu and Mircea Ghergie
Children 2025, 12(1), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12010072 - 8 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1495
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Oral breathing is a common condition, particularly in children, and it is associated with significant changes in craniofacial development, dentomaxillary anomalies, and overall health. Despite extensive research, the role of oral breathing in the development of malocclusion remains controversial, with debates [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Oral breathing is a common condition, particularly in children, and it is associated with significant changes in craniofacial development, dentomaxillary anomalies, and overall health. Despite extensive research, the role of oral breathing in the development of malocclusion remains controversial, with debates on whether it is a causative factor or a secondary adaptation to existing craniofacial issues. Methods: This narrative review synthesizes studies published in the last 15 years, focusing on the impact of oral breathing on dentofacial development and mandibular posture. A comprehensive search was conducted on four electronic databases (Embase, Medline, ProQUEST, Scopus) using keywords related to oral breathing, malocclusion, mandibular posture, and craniofacial development. Studies were included if they focused on the effects of oral breathing on craniofacial morphology, malocclusion, and postural changes in children and adolescents aged 6–18 years. Results: Results indicate a strong link between oral breathing and dentofacial changes such as adenoid facies, Class II malocclusion, posterior crossbite, and anterior open bite. It causes cranial posture changes, particularly increased craniocervical extension, as a compensatory mechanism to maintain airway patency. Conclusions: Oral breathing is a risk factor for malocclusion prognosis, especially in growing children. Dentofacial changes in oral breathers include adenoid facies, convex facial profile, and increased lower facial height. Oral breathing also leads to significant changes in cranial posture, often accompanied by mandibular, lingual, and palatal alterations. Full article
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17 pages, 2460 KiB  
Review
Metabolic Bone Diseases Affecting Tooth Eruption: A Narrative Review
by Christianna Iris Papadopoulou, Iosif Sifakakis and Symeon Tournis
Children 2024, 11(6), 748; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11060748 - 20 Jun 2024
Viewed by 2754
Abstract
Tooth eruption is an essential process for the development of the oral and maxillofacial system. Several inherited and acquired diseases might affect this tightly regulated process, resulting in premature, delayed, or even failed tooth eruption. The purpose of this article is to review [...] Read more.
Tooth eruption is an essential process for the development of the oral and maxillofacial system. Several inherited and acquired diseases might affect this tightly regulated process, resulting in premature, delayed, or even failed tooth eruption. The purpose of this article is to review the literature and the clinical parameters of metabolic bone diseases that affect tooth eruption. It examines the physiological aspects of tooth eruption and the pathophysiological changes induced by metabolic bone diseases, including changes in bone metabolism, density, and structure. The search strategy for this review included an electronic search in PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library using the following keywords: “metabolic bone diseases”, “tooth eruption”, “delayed tooth eruption”, and each reported disease in combination with “tooth eruption disorders”, covering publications up to March 2024 and limited to English-language sources. Understanding the influence of metabolic bone diseases on tooth eruption is crucial for managing both dental and skeletal manifestations associated with these disorders. This review suggests that a multidisciplinary approach to treatment may significantly improve oral outcomes for patients suffering from such conditions. Clinicians should be aware of the specific dental abnormalities that may arise and consider comprehensive evaluations and individualized treatment plans. These findings underscore the need for further research into targeted therapies that address these abnormalities. Full article
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11 pages, 3351 KiB  
Review
Maxillary Hypoplasia and Non-Invasive Ventilation: Literature Review and Proposed New Treatment Protocol
by Maria Costanza Meazzini, Mattia Moretti, Gabriele Canzi, Davide Sozzi, Giorgio Novelli and Fabio Mazzoleni
Children 2024, 11(6), 720; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11060720 - 13 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1396
Abstract
The impact of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) on pediatric maxillary growth is a subject of ongoing research considering its increased use in the pediatric population due to technological advancements and broader indications. This review examines the existing literature, encompassing original articles, case reports, and [...] Read more.
The impact of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) on pediatric maxillary growth is a subject of ongoing research considering its increased use in the pediatric population due to technological advancements and broader indications. This review examines the existing literature, encompassing original articles, case reports, and reviews, to evaluate the effects of NIV on maxillary development and explore potential treatment options. Although the majority of studies agree on the adverse effects of prolonged NIV on maxillary development, techniques for its correction remain understudied. Introducing a novel treatment protocol, we addressed the challenge of correcting severe midfacial hypoplasia in a child with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) undergoing NIV therapy, thus sidestepping the necessity for osteotomies. This proposed protocol holds promise in correcting the adverse impact of NIV on maxillary growth, emphasizing the need for further exploration into innovative treatment modalities. Full article
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16 pages, 7451 KiB  
Review
Elastodontic Appliances for the Interception of Malocclusion in Children: A Systematic Narrative Hybrid Review
by Vincenzo Ronsivalle, Ludovica Nucci, Nicolò Bua, Giuseppe Palazzo and Salvatore La Rosa
Children 2023, 10(11), 1821; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10111821 - 17 Nov 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2568
Abstract
Background. Interceptive orthodontic treatment aims to eliminate factors that prevent the harmonious development of the maxillary and mandibular arches during childhood, and elastodontic appliances (EAs) represent a group of devices with an increasingly important role. This systematic narrative hybrid review (HR) aims to [...] Read more.
Background. Interceptive orthodontic treatment aims to eliminate factors that prevent the harmonious development of the maxillary and mandibular arches during childhood, and elastodontic appliances (EAs) represent a group of devices with an increasingly important role. This systematic narrative hybrid review (HR) aims to provide an overview of the clinical indications for the use of EAs according to the available evidence and to identify potential research areas for unexplored applications. Materials and methods. To assess the available literature on the subject, selective database searches were performed between July 2023 and September 2023. With the assistance of a health sciences librarian, a search strategy that utilized terms related to elastodontic therapy was developed. Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science were the databases used. Results. The current literature addressing the usability of EAs is scarce and mostly limited to case reports and case series. After 2168 citations were found through the searches, 13 studies were ultimately included. In this regard, information about the clinical use and effectiveness of EAs are reported in a narrative form, defining specific domains of the application that are clinically oriented, including sagittal and transversal discrepancies, atypical swallowing, teeth malposition, two-phase orthodontics and a lack of teeth retention. Conclusions. Within the intrinsic quality limitation of the available literature, it seems that EAs may represent a promising treatment alternative for managing mild-to-moderate malocclusion in children as an adjuvant therapy to the interruption of spoiled habits. Full article
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