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Children
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Infectious Diseases in Children
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Infectious Diseases in Children

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2024) | Viewed by 8530

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Elena Bozzola

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, 00165 Roma, Italy
Interests: pediatric; infectious diseases; adolescence; children; communication
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Infectious diseases are among the leading causes of death for children under five years of age, even if global progress has been made in reducing child death and disability for preventable, common infectious diseases. To limit infectious diseases circulation, updated epidemiology evaluations are required for the implementation of appropriate immunization programs alongside reinforcing public health policy programs, identifying which public health interventions are effective in reducing morbidity, and mortality and health inequalities from infectious diseases amongst children. Immunization strategies are a useful strategy to avoid the significant burden of preventable infectious disease incidence and complications and should be reinforced from either a medical or economic viewpoint. Communication strategies are also important to set and spread effective health messages to the population addressing perception of individual risk for the disease. Finally, it is also important to address one of the major issue faced by our society: antibiotic resistance. Efforts in reducing infectious disease in children may be of help also in countering antibiotic resistance.

Dr. Elena Bozzola
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • infectious diseases
  • children
  • immunization
  • prevention
  • vaccines
  • health

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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18 pages, 3463 KiB  
Article
Prevalence of Infectious Diseases in Children at Preschool Education Institutions and Stakeholder Opinions
by Gonca Kurt and Hasan Uğur Serdaroğlu
Children 2024, 11(4), 447; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11040447 - 8 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5658
Abstract
Preschool education institutions, where children have close contact and social interactions, can serve as potential environments for the transmission of infectious diseases. This issue poses a significant health concern, impacting both individual and public well-being. Thus, the present research set out to determine [...] Read more.
Preschool education institutions, where children have close contact and social interactions, can serve as potential environments for the transmission of infectious diseases. This issue poses a significant health concern, impacting both individual and public well-being. Thus, the present research set out to determine the prevalence of infectious diseases in preschool children and the views of parents and teachers on the prevention of infectious diseases. The study employed a mixed-method approach and involved 397 parents and 46 preschool teachers. The study was survey-based via in-person interviews. The results revealed that after they started school (almost in 5 months), children with a mean age of 4.7 ± 0.5 years experienced illness approximately 3.5 ± 2.0 times, of whom 91.5% used antibiotics. The prevalence of infectious diseases was found to be associated with the child’s being born at term, maternal education level, and the public/private status of preschool institutions. The presence of a sick child in the classroom elicits negative emotions from both teachers and parents. They recommend that studies on education, safety, hygiene, school health, health screenings, regulation of the learning environment, legal regulations, and school exclusion policies be carried out to prevent infectious diseases. When children with infectious diseases come to school, nearly half of the teachers admit them to the classroom due to various reasons and pressures. Parents request teachers to monitor medication, control sweating, and use a nebulizer for their sick children. Some of the teachers meet these requests, but they claim that the educational process is negatively affected. At preschool education institutions, the risk factors of infectious diseases have a complex structure and can be influenced by variables related to teachers, children, parents and the institution itself. Infectious diseases not only pose a threat to health but also impact teachers’ and parents’ emotions, teacher–child relationships, and the overall atmosphere within schools and classrooms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Diseases in Children)
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7 pages, 2006 KiB  
Case Report
FLAIR Hyperintense Cortical Lesions in a 4-Year-Old Child with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)-Associated Encephalitis and Seizures: A Case Report
by Luca Bernardi, Nicole Mussi, Roberto Grandinetti, Emanuela Turco, Benedetta Piccolo, Francesca Ormitti, Nicola Principi and Susanna Esposito
Children 2024, 11(7), 778; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11070778 - 27 Jun 2024
Viewed by 2369
Abstract
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG-associated disease (MOGAD) is a relatively uncommon autoantibody demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with heterogeneous clinical manifestations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. In recent years, a rare MOGAD subtype characterized by distinct clinical and MRI findings [...] Read more.
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG-associated disease (MOGAD) is a relatively uncommon autoantibody demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with heterogeneous clinical manifestations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. In recent years, a rare MOGAD subtype characterized by distinct clinical and MRI findings has been described. Seizures and cortical hyperintensities best seen on MRI T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences, associated with headache and cerebral spine fluid (CSF) pleocytosis, are the most important characteristics of this MOGAD entity that is named FLAMES (FLAIR hyperintense cortical lesions in MOG-associated encephalitis with seizures). Because of its rarity and the peculiarities of the brain damage and clinical manifestations, it can be under-recognized and confused with focal viral encephalitis, meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, CNS vasculitis, or mitochondrial cytopathy. We described the case of a 4-year-old previously healthy girl who was admitted for focal-onset, tonic-clonic seizures, fever, and headache, combined with optic neuritis. MRI was characterized by FLAIR imaging showing hyperintense cortical lesions, and a mild leukocytosis in the CSF was detected. Efficacy and rapid response to steroid therapy was observed, and no recurrences of neurological problems or further seizures were reported in the following 12 months. This case report can help in understanding FLAMES characteristics in pediatrics in order to favor early diagnosis and prompt therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Diseases in Children)
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