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Cells
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Stem Cells in Personalized Medicine 2021
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Stem Cells in Personalized Medicine 2021

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Stem Cells".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 October 2021) | Viewed by 5157

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Radbod Darabi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (CSCRM), The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases (IMM), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
Interests: stem cells; skeletal muscle regeneration; regenerative medicine; muscle injury; muscular dystrophies; disease modeling; gene correction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Yong Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chief of BioMedical Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA
Interests: stem cell; regenerative medicine; fibrosis and cascade; wound healing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last decade, personalized medicine has gained a lot of traction and has pushed the limits of what we can do clinically. The first generation of personalized medicine employed individual analysis of a patient’s unique biology to select more efficacious diagnostic methods and/or suggest clinical treatments. The focus was on identifying genetic factors to assist with selecting treatments, personalizing screens or diagnoses, and honing detection of potential diseases. Currently, these applications offer routine clinical services for patients. Subsequently, personalized medicine has progressed into fields such as gene therapy, cancer treatment, and surgical treatment/design. However, the true potential of personalized medicine, extending well beyond these current applications, waits to be fully realized.

Most disease, trauma, and infectious pathologies are consequences of cellular damage at differing levels. The key to mitigating cell and/or tissue damage repair is cell therapy. Stem cell therapy is a promising treatment that can be tailored not only to an illness but also to an individual patient. The potential of stem cell therapy includes a futuristic personalized “medication” in the event of tissue damage secondary to surgeries, toxins, trauma, aging, complications from medication, autoimmune disease, and numerous other problems limited by current medicine. Autologous cell sources are the first priority for cell therapy since they are safe, do not violate ethical perspectives and do not provoke immunogenic responses. Among the various autologous cell sources, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) show great potential for cell therapy application. In addition to directly treating patient tissue, iPSCs are also inducible into specialized disease cells for quick, easy, and personalized drug testing and dose selecting.

Personalized medicine through stem cell therapy has many benefits that are essential for the future of personal health. The current Special Issue will accept studies and reviews in all fields of personalized medicine. Stem cell-related studies on basic science and translational application in personalized medicine will be welcomed. The goal of this issue is to provide an overview of novel studies, as well as updated classical studies, in personalized medicine.

Prof. Dr. Yong Li
Dr. Radbod Darabi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cells is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Personalized medicine
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)
  • Genetic identification
  • Diagnosis
  • Drug testing
  • Disease modeling
  • Gene correction

Published Papers (2 papers)

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21 pages, 4959 KiB  
Article
Human iPSC-Derived Renal Cells Change Their Immunogenic Properties during Maturation: Implications for Regenerative Therapies
by Bella Rossbach, Krithika Hariharan, Nancy Mah, Su-Jun Oh, Hans-Dieter Volk, Petra Reinke and Andreas Kurtz
Cells 2022, 11(8), 1328; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11081328 - 13 Apr 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2326
Abstract
The success of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-based therapy critically depends on understanding and controlling the immunological effects of the hiPSC-derived transplant. While hiPSC-derived cells used for cell therapy are often immature with post-grafting maturation, immunological properties may change, with adverse effects [...] Read more.
The success of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-based therapy critically depends on understanding and controlling the immunological effects of the hiPSC-derived transplant. While hiPSC-derived cells used for cell therapy are often immature with post-grafting maturation, immunological properties may change, with adverse effects on graft tolerance and control. In the present study, the allogeneic and autologous cellular immunity of hiPSC-derived progenitor and terminally differentiated cells were investigated in vitro. In contrast to allogeneic primary cells, hiPSC-derived early renal progenitors and mature renal epithelial cells are both tolerated not only by autologous but also by allogeneic T cells. These immune-privileged properties result from active immunomodulation and low immune visibility, which decrease during the process of cell maturation. However, autologous and allogeneic natural killer (NK) cell responses are not suppressed by hiPSC-derived renal cells and effectively change NK cell activation status. These findings clearly show a dynamic stage-specific dependency of autologous and allogeneic T and NK cell responses, with consequences for effective cell therapies. The study suggests that hiPSC-derived early progenitors may provide advantageous immune-suppressive properties when applied in cell therapy. The data furthermore indicate a need to suppress NK cell activation in allogeneic as well as autologous settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stem Cells in Personalized Medicine 2021)
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16 pages, 1842 KiB  
Technical Note
Directed Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells toward Skeletal Myogenic Progenitors and Their Purification Using Surface Markers
by Nasa Xu, Jianbo Wu, Jose L. Ortiz-Vitali, Yong Li and Radbod Darabi
Cells 2021, 10(10), 2746; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10102746 - 14 Oct 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2151
Abstract
Advancements in reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have provided a strong framework for in vitro disease modeling, gene correction and stem cell-based regenerative medicine. In cases of skeletal muscle disorders, iPSCs can be used for the generation of skeletal [...] Read more.
Advancements in reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have provided a strong framework for in vitro disease modeling, gene correction and stem cell-based regenerative medicine. In cases of skeletal muscle disorders, iPSCs can be used for the generation of skeletal muscle progenitors to study disease mechanisms, or implementation for the treatment of muscle disorders. We have recently developed an improved directed differentiation method for the derivation of skeletal myogenic progenitors from hiPSCs. This method allows for a short-term (2 weeks) and efficient skeletal myogenic induction (45–65% of the cells) in human pluripotent stem cells (ESCs/iPSCs) using small molecules to induce mesoderm and subsequently myotomal progenitors, without the need for any gene integration or modification. After initial differentiation, skeletal myogenic progenitors can be purified from unwanted cells using surface markers (CD10+CD24−). These myogenic progenitors have been extensively characterized using in vitro gene expression/differentiation profiling as well as in vivo engraftment studies in dystrophic (mdx) and muscle injury (VML) rodent models and have been proven to be able to engraft and form mature myofibers as well as seeding muscle stem cells. The current protocol describes a detailed, step-by-step guide for this method and outlines important experimental details and troubleshooting points for its application in any human pluripotent stem cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stem Cells in Personalized Medicine 2021)
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