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25 pages, 6492 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of High Temperature and Cooling Regimes on Properties of Marble Powder-Based Cementitious Composites

by İsmail Raci Bayer, Ozer Sevim and Ilhami Demir

Buildings 2023, 13(10), 2527; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13102527 - 6 Oct 2023

Viewed by 919

Abstract

The demand for cement is increasing every day worldwide. To meet this demand, natural resources are rapidly being depleted. The excessive consumption of natural resources encourages researchers to conduct studies on the use of waste materials instead of cement. Marble waste is one [...] Read more.

The demand for cement is increasing every day worldwide. To meet this demand, natural resources are rapidly being depleted. The excessive consumption of natural resources encourages researchers to conduct studies on the use of waste materials instead of cement. Marble waste is one of the major natural wastes abundantly generated worldwide. It has been evaluated that there is a gap in the literature regarding a study comparing the effects of different cooling regimes on cementitious composites with a marble powder (MP) replacement that has been exposed to high temperatures. In this study, waste marble powder (MP) was used as a replacement for cement at percentages of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% by mass. The water-to-binder ratio was kept constant at 0.5 for all mixture groups. Subsequently, the prepared cementitious composites were exposed to high temperatures (300 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C) and subjected to air- and water-cooling regimes. Within the scope of this study, unit weight (U_w), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), flexural strength (f_fs), compressive strength (f_cs), and mass loss tests were conducted. Additionally, a microstructure analysis was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to examine the effect of MP replacement and the cooling regime. When examining the results of the samples tested in the laboratory, it was observed that the mortar with 5% MP replacement exhibited better mechanical properties compared with the others. In general, it can be said that the mechanical properties of samples cooled in air after exposure to high temperatures were better than those of samples cooled in water. As a result of this study, it was determined that MP replacement could positively contribute to the resistance of cementitious composites to high temperatures. Additionally, the use of a significant amount of waste MP can lead to savings in cement usage and significant reductions in CO₂ emissions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on High-Temperature-Resistant Materials in Buildings)

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18 pages, 4866 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Research on Thermal Response Behavior of the Intumescent Coating at High Temperature: An Experimental and Numerical Study

by Lingyun Zhang, Yupeng Hu and Minghai Li

Buildings 2022, 12(7), 1014; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12071014 - 14 Jul 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1514

Abstract

Intumescent coating is able to provide effective fire protection with both practicality and aesthetics. In this study, expansion performance and thermal physical property experiments are firstly carried out to obtain the basic parameters at different temperatures. Then, the thermal response model of the [...] Read more.

Intumescent coating is able to provide effective fire protection with both practicality and aesthetics. In this study, expansion performance and thermal physical property experiments are firstly carried out to obtain the basic parameters at different temperatures. Then, the thermal response model of the concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) structure under the protection of intumescent coating in a fire is established. Finally, based on the experimental data and thermal response model, the effects of initial thickness, expansion rate, intra-pore emissivity and reaction heat on the structure temperature are discussed in detail. The results of this study can provide guidance on intumescent coating formulation design, as well as fire protection design. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on High-Temperature-Resistant Materials in Buildings)

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Review

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28 pages, 5195 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

The Effects of Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) on the Residual Mechanical Properties of Concrete after Exposure to High Temperatures—Review

by Sanaz Ramzi and Hamzeh Hajiloo

Buildings 2023, 13(1), 103; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010103 - 31 Dec 2022

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2563

Abstract

Fire events remain a severe hazard despite significant progress in the construction industry. The high-temperature resistance of concrete structures highly depends on the properties of their ingredients. The present study provides an analytical review of the available experimental studies investigating the influence of [...] Read more.

Fire events remain a severe hazard despite significant progress in the construction industry. The high-temperature resistance of concrete structures highly depends on the properties of their ingredients. The present study provides an analytical review of the available experimental studies investigating the influence of high temperatures on the residual mechanical characteristics of concrete, namely compressive and tensile strength, as well as the modulus of elasticity. This paper primarily focuses on the influences of supplementary cementing materials, including silica fume (SF), fly ash (FA), and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), as well as different aggregate types. The literature findings show that the mechanical characteristics of concrete are degraded dramatically due to heat-caused changes in concrete. In addition, the mechanical properties of concrete are highly influenced by the types of aggregate and the amount of supplementary cementing materials at both high temperatures and room temperature. The inclusion of FA and GGBFS improves the high-temperature resistance of concrete. However, high contents of FA and GGBFS result in adverse effects on the properties of concrete. This review will provide a basis for future studies and enhance the knowledge of the behaviour of reinforced concrete structures subjected to high temperatures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on High-Temperature-Resistant Materials in Buildings)

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