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Biomimetics
Special Issues
Recent Advances in Wearable Bioelectronics in Healthcare/Medical Devices
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Recent Advances in Wearable Bioelectronics in Healthcare/Medical Devices

A special issue of Biomimetics (ISSN 2313-7673). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomimetic Design, Constructions and Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 September 2025 | Viewed by 2205

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Dhruv R. Seshadri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
Interests: wearable tech; digital health; bioelectronics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advances in bioelectronics and wearable devices have significantly transformed healthcare, offering innovative solutions for monitoring, diagnosing, and treating various health conditions. Bioelectronic technologies, which integrate biology with electronics, enable precise interactions with biological systems at the molecular and cellular levels. One notable development is flexible, skin-like sensors that monitor vital signs such as heart rate, blood pressure, glucose levels, and even biomarkers for diseases like Parkinson's or Alzheimer’s. These devices leverage advanced materials, such as stretchable polymers and conductive hydrogels, to ensure comfort and durability for long-term wear. Wearable devices, powered by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, now analyze real-time data to detect anomalies and predict health risks, enabling early intervention. The integration of wireless communication technologies, including Bluetooth and 5G, facilitates seamless data sharing between patients and healthcare providers, improving telemedicine capabilities. Implantable bioelectronic devices, such as neural interfaces, are also advancing, offering hope for restoring motor function in paralyzed individuals or managing chronic pain through electrical stimulation. Furthermore, energy harvesting innovations, like sweat-powered or body-heat-based systems, enhance the sustainability of these devices. As bioelectronics and wearable healthcare technologies continue to evolve, they promise a future of personalized, non-invasive, and connected healthcare solutions, fundamentally reshaping patient care.

Dr. Dhruv R. Seshadri
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomimetics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • wearable sensors
  • bioelectronics
  • digital therapeutics
  • digital biomarkers
  • remote monitoring
  • human performance
  • epidermal electronics

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2516 KB  
Article
Low-Profile, Shoe-Type Ankle–Foot Orthosis with Active Variable Ankle Stiffness via Wire–Fabric Compression Mechanism
by Eunbin Choe, Junyoung Moon, Jaewook Ryu, Seungtae Yang, Alireza Nasirzadeh, Sejin Kong, Youngsuk Choi and Giuk Lee
Biomimetics 2025, 10(8), 539; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10080539 - 16 Aug 2025
Viewed by 546
Abstract
Acute ankle sprains frequently lead to chronic ankle instability and muscle atrophy by causing immobilization, which necessitates real-time stiffness modulation for ankle–foot orthoses (AFOs). This paper proposes Active Variable Compression Shoes (AVC-Shoes), an ankle support system inspired by the “heel-lock taping” technique, which [...] Read more.
Acute ankle sprains frequently lead to chronic ankle instability and muscle atrophy by causing immobilization, which necessitates real-time stiffness modulation for ankle–foot orthoses (AFOs). This paper proposes Active Variable Compression Shoes (AVC-Shoes), an ankle support system inspired by the “heel-lock taping” technique, which employs a wire–fabric compression mechanism to selectively stiffen ankle joints at crucial points in the gait cycle. The experimental results confirmed that AVC-Shoes achieve variable ankle stiffness in all directions, demonstrating dorsiflexion and plantarflexion stiffness ranges of up to 8.3 and 5.9 Nm/rad, respectively. Additionally, preliminary human testing involving three healthy participants revealed that the gastrocnemius muscle activity during the push-off phase in the active compression mode was significantly higher (by 19%) than that in the brace mode. By selectively increasing stiffness at heel strikes, AVC-Shoes represent a promising advancement toward next-generation AFOs capable of stabilizing the ankle while preventing muscle atrophy, which is associated with prolonged brace use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Wearable Bioelectronics in Healthcare/Medical Devices)
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18 pages, 5498 KB  
Article
Development and Evaluation of a Novel Upper-Limb Rehabilitation Device Integrating Piano Playing for Enhanced Motor Recovery
by Xin Zhao, Ying Zhang, Yi Zhang, Peng Zhang, Jinxu Yu and Shuai Yuan
Biomimetics 2025, 10(4), 200; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10040200 - 25 Mar 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 755
Abstract
This study developed and evaluated a novel upper-limb rehabilitation device that integrates piano playing into task-oriented occupational therapy, addressing the limitations of traditional continuous passive motion (CPM) training in patient engagement and functional recovery. The system features a bi-axial sliding platform for precise [...] Read more.
This study developed and evaluated a novel upper-limb rehabilitation device that integrates piano playing into task-oriented occupational therapy, addressing the limitations of traditional continuous passive motion (CPM) training in patient engagement and functional recovery. The system features a bi-axial sliding platform for precise 61-key positioning and a ten-link, four-loop robotic hand for key striking. A hierarchical control framework incorporates MIDI-based task mapping, finger optimization using an improved Hungarian algorithm, and impedance–admittance hybrid control for adaptive force–position modulation. An 8-week randomized controlled trial demonstrated that the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group, with a 74.7% increase in Fugl–Meyer scores (50.5 ± 2.5), a 14.6-point improvement in the box and block test (BBT), a 20.2-s reduction in nine-hole peg test (NHPT) time, and a 72.6% increase in rehabilitation motivation scale (RMS) scores (55.4 ± 3.8). The results indicate that combining piano playing with robotic rehabilitation enhances neuroplasticity and engagement, significantly improving motor function, daily activity performance, and rehabilitation adherence. This mechanical-control synergy introduces a new paradigm for music-interactive rehabilitation, with potential applications in home-based remote therapy and multimodal treatment integration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Wearable Bioelectronics in Healthcare/Medical Devices)
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Review

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29 pages, 2364 KB  
Review
Skin-Inspired Healthcare Electronics
by Saite Li, Qiaosheng Xu, Yukai Zhou, Zhengdao Chu, Lulu Li, Xidi Sun, Fengchang Huang, Fei Wang, Cai Chen, Xin Guo, Jiean Li, Wen Cheng and Lijia Pan
Biomimetics 2025, 10(8), 531; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10080531 - 13 Aug 2025
Viewed by 576
Abstract
With the improvement in living standards and the aging of the population, the development of thin, light, and unobtrusive electronic skin devices is accelerating. These electronic devices combine the convenience of wearable electronics with the comfort of a skin-like fit. They are used [...] Read more.
With the improvement in living standards and the aging of the population, the development of thin, light, and unobtrusive electronic skin devices is accelerating. These electronic devices combine the convenience of wearable electronics with the comfort of a skin-like fit. They are used to acquire multimodal physiological signal data from the wearer and real-time transmission of signals for vital signs monitoring, health dynamics warning, and disease prevention. These capabilities impose unique requirements on material selection, signal transmission, and data processing for such electronic devices. Firstly, this review provides a systematic introduction to nanomaterials, conductive hydrogels, and liquid metals, which are currently used in human health monitoring. Then, it introduces the solution to the contradiction between wireless data transmission and flexible electronic skin devices. Then, the latest data processing progress is briefly described. Finally, the latest research advances in electronic skin devices based on medical scenarios are presented, and their current development, challenges faced, and future opportunities in the field of vital signs monitoring are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Wearable Bioelectronics in Healthcare/Medical Devices)
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