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Biomedicines
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Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques and Their Application in the Study...
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Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques and Their Application in the Study of Cognitive Function Physiology and Neuro-Psychiatric Rehabilitation

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 387

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mattia Ferro

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Guest Editor
Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, 20143 Milan, Italy
Interests: molecular psychiatry; behavioral neuroscience; synaptic plasticity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jacopo Lamanna

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
Interests: the role of neural plasticity in animal behavior and mental disorders; the neurophysiological bases of synaptic transmission and plasticity; the neural correlates of cognitive functioning in health and disease
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Andrea Stefano Moro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, 20143 Milan, Italy
Interests: decision-making; non-invasive brain stimulation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have garnered significant attention in both basic and clinical neuroscience. These methods, which modulate brain activity without the need for surgical or pharmacological interventions, provide valuable insights into the neurophysiology of cognitive functions and hold substantial promise for neuropsychiatric rehabilitation. NIBS has been widely used to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying a variety of cognitive processes, including attention, memory, and executive function. Furthermore, these techniques have shown therapeutic potential for neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia, and post-stroke aphasia, by targeting specific brain regions implicated in these conditions. Recent advancements in NIBS have led to refined stimulation protocols and individualized treatment strategies, optimizing clinical outcomes. This Special Issue aims to highlight the latest developments in NIBS research, with a particular focus on its application in cognitive neuroscience and neurophysiology, as well as on its role in neuropsychiatric rehabilitation. By compiling cutting-edge studies, we seek to advance our understanding of brain plasticity and the potential of NIBS as a tool for both research and clinical intervention.

Dr. Mattia Ferro
Dr. Jacopo Lamanna
Dr. Andrea Stefano Moro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • non-invasive brain stimulation
  • neurophysiology
  • cognitive function
  • depression
  • schizophrenia
 

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 4405 KiB  
Article
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over the Orbitofrontal Cortex Enhances Self-Reported Confidence but Reduces Metacognitive Sensitivity in a Perceptual Decision-Making Task
by Daniele Saccenti, Andrea Stefano Moro, Gianmarco Salvetti, Sandra Sassaroli, Antonio Malgaroli, Jacopo Lamanna and Mattia Ferro
Biomedicines 2025, 13(7), 1522; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13071522 - 21 Jun 2025
Viewed by 293
Abstract
Background: Metacognition refers to the ability to reflect on and regulate cognitive processes. Despite advances in neuroimaging and lesion studies, its neural correlates, as well as their interplay with other cognitive domains, remain poorly understood. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is proposed as [...] Read more.
Background: Metacognition refers to the ability to reflect on and regulate cognitive processes. Despite advances in neuroimaging and lesion studies, its neural correlates, as well as their interplay with other cognitive domains, remain poorly understood. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is proposed as a potential substrate for metacognitive processing due to its contribution to evaluating and integrating reward-related information, decision-making, and self-monitoring. Methods: This study examined OFC involvement in metacognition using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) while participants performed a two-alternative forced choice task with confidence ratings to assess their metacognitive sensitivity. Before stimulation, the subjects completed the Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 and a monetary intertemporal choice task for the quantification of delay discounting. Results: Linear mixed-effects models showed that anodal tDCS over the left OFC reduced participants’ metacognitive sensitivity compared to sham stimulation, leaving perceptual decision-making accuracy unaffected. Moreover, real stimulation increased self-reported confidence ratings compared to the sham. Significant correlations were found between metacognitive sensitivity and negative beliefs about thinking. Conclusions: These results highlight the potential involvement of the OFC in the processing of retrospective second-order judgments about decision-making performance. Additionally, they support the notion that OFC overstimulation contributes to metacognitive dysfunctions detected in clinical conditions, such as difficulties in assessing the reliability of one’s thoughts and decision outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques and Their Application in the Study of Cognitive Function Physiology and Neuro-Psychiatric Rehabilitation)
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