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Biomedicines
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Molecular and Histopathological Background of Diabetic Neuropathy
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Molecular and Histopathological Background of Diabetic Neuropathy

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Neurobiology and Clinical Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 784

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mária Bagyánszki

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
Interests: enteric nervous system; type 1 diabetes; inflammation; histology; immunohistochemistry; animal models; neurogastroenterology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Although diabetic neuropathy has been known about for a long time, the complex pathogenesis and molecular backgrounds still need further investigation. Chronic hyperglycaemia differently affects various parts of the nervous system. Not only neurons, but also the neuronal microenvironment, like glia cells, microvessels or the elements of the immune system, can be altered by the diabetic state. Furthermore, hyperglycaemic state damages are not exclusive to the peripheral nervous system, which suggests the necessity to understand the function of the central nervous system in the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight diabetes-related neurological alterations both in patients and animal models. Original research articles and review articles focusing on different forms of neuropathy in all type of diabetes are welcome.

The understanding of different pathways of chronic hyperglycaemia-related neuropathy will help to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies which can prevent or help in diabetes-related conditions.

Dr. Mária Bagyánszki
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diabetic neuropathy
  • insulin
  • hyperglycaemia
  • peripheral neuropathy
  • autonomic neuropathy
  • proximal neuropathy
  • enteric neuropathy
  • mononeuropathy

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 787 KB  
Article
The Assessment of the Autonomic Polyneuropathy Through Sudoscan and Vitamin B12 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and High Cardiovascular Risk or Established Cardiovascular Disease
by Cristina Mocanu (Chitan), Teodor Salmen, Anca Pantea Stoian and Cristian Serafinceanu
Biomedicines 2026, 14(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14010018 (registering DOI) - 21 Dec 2025
Abstract
Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is frequently associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between DPN symptoms, vitamin B12 level, and autonomic neuropathy in DM patients with high and very high [...] Read more.
Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is frequently associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between DPN symptoms, vitamin B12 level, and autonomic neuropathy in DM patients with high and very high CV risk or established CVD. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 164 patients from the Outpatient DM Department of Suceava County Hospital from September 2025 was performed. The clinical, paraclinical, and demographic data were collected, including Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score (TCNS), Sudoscan, Orthostatic Hypotension (OH), and B12 level. Results: In total, 65.9% of patients had DPN; the mean HbA1c was 8.22% ± 1.74. No significant correlation was obtained between autonomic neuropathy (Sudoscan) and DPN severity (p = 0.163) or between vitamin B12 and DPN (p = 0.6). Vitamin B12 was associated with CV risk assessed with Sudosan (p = 0.04). OH had limited diagnostic significance for autonomic dysfunction. Conclusions: No strong link was detected between B12 levels and DPN; thus, it cannot be considered a predictive marker. Objective DPN screening remains essential. Sudoscan is practical and non-invasive in assessing autonomic neuropathy, but only when combined with TCNS may it increase the DPN screening and risk stratification in high-CV-risk populations with DM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular and Histopathological Background of Diabetic Neuropathy)
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12 pages, 797 KB  
Article
Comparison of Intraneural FacilitationTM Therapy and Exercise on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Single-Blind Randomized Trial
by Kyan Sahba, Christopher G. Wilson, Evelen Gonzales, Jamie Hankins, Hailey Jahromi, Mark Ghamsary and Mark Bussell
Biomedicines 2025, 13(12), 2968; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13122968 - 3 Dec 2025
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Abstract
Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a prevalent complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D), associated with microvascular dysfunction and significant morbidity. Exercise is a cornerstone of diabetes care and has demonstrated benefits for neuropathic pain, whereas Intraneural FacilitationTM (INF®) therapy [...] Read more.
Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a prevalent complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D), associated with microvascular dysfunction and significant morbidity. Exercise is a cornerstone of diabetes care and has demonstrated benefits for neuropathic pain, whereas Intraneural FacilitationTM (INF®) therapy is a manual technique designed to enhance intraneural perfusion. This study compared the effects of INF® therapy and exercise on neuropathic pain qualities in adults with DPN. Methods: In this single-blinded randomized controlled trial, 38 adults with T2D and moderate to severe DPN were randomized to INF® therapy (n = 20) or standardized exercise (n = 18). Participants completed nine 60-min sessions over a period of six weeks. Neuropathic pain qualities were assessed using the Pain Quality Assessment Scale (PQAS) at baseline and post-treatment. Paired t tests, independent t tests, and linear mixed models adjusted for age and body-mass index (BMI) evaluated within- and between-group changes. Results: Both treatment groups demonstrated significant reductions in total PQAS scores (p = 0.001). INF® therapy produced improvements across paroxysmal, superficial, and deep pain domains, with reductions in descriptors such as shooting, sharp, electrical, numb, and unpleasant pain. Exercise led to selective improvements, including sharp, electrical, numb, sensitive, and unpleasant sensations associated with pain. Between-group analyses and mixed-effects models revealed no significant differences after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusions: Both INF® therapy and exercise improved neuropathic pain qualities in adults with DPN. INF® therapy demonstrated broader within-group effects, suggesting its potential as a passive adjunct or alternative for patients unable to tolerate active exercise. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular and Histopathological Background of Diabetic Neuropathy)
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