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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease: New Treatment and Future Directions—4th Edition
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Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease: New Treatment and Future Directions—4th Edition

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 2358

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Alfredo Caturano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
Interests: diabetes; diabetes complications; cardiovascular disease; MASLD; Brugada Syndrome; arrhythmias
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. In 2019, it was estimated that 17.9 million people died from CVDs (32% of all global deaths). Of these deaths, 85% were due to heart attack and stroke. These data are usually powered by the coexistence of metabolic diseases, in particular diabetes. In fact, about 422 million people worldwide have diabetes, with the majority living in low- and middle-income countries, and 1.5 million deaths are directly attributed to diabetes each year. It is vital to detect CVDs and metabolic disease as early as possible, as most cases can be prevented by addressing behavioral risk factors such as tobacco use, unhealthy diet and obesity, physical inactivity, and harmful uses of alcohol. Moreover, we are the main actors and observers of the innovations in every field of CVDs and metabolic disease treatment, from the pharmacological approach, with the advent of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for both heart failure and diabetes, to the improvement in new less-invasive and invasive techniques such as immediate revascularization in both heart and brain infarction and new methods of mechanical cardiac support and multiorgan transplantation for the most advanced forms of heart failure.

Given the complexity of this topic and its impact on clinical practice and public health, Biomedicines is launching a Special Issue entitled “Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease: New Treatments and Future Directions” with the aim of gathering accurate and up-to-date scientific information on all aspects of new and upcoming treatment opportunities for CVDs and metabolic diseases. It is my privilege to invite you and your co-workers to share your experiences and expertise by submitting original research articles, systematic reviews, and review articles reporting new ideas and recent advances in this topic.

Dr. Alfredo Caturano
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardiovascular disease
  • metabolic disease
  • diabetes
  • therapy
  • drugs
  • implantable device
  • heart failure
  • heart transplantation
  • cardiac surgery
  • future directions

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 259 KiB  
Article
Markers of Vascular Function and Future Coronary Artery Disease Risk Among Malaysians with Individual Cardiovascular Risk Factors
by Amilia Aminuddin, Nina Diyana Rusanuar, Md Rizman Md Lazin Md Lazim, Azizah Ugusman, Izzat Zulhilmi Abd Rahman, Kalaivani Chellappan, Mohd Shawal Faizal Mohamad, Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad and Wan Yus Haniff Wan Isa
Biomedicines 2025, 13(4), 899; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13040899 - 8 Apr 2025
Viewed by 339
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Vascular function measurements, including central parameters [pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AI)], as well as peripheral measures [finger photoplethysmography fitness index (PPGF)], have been introduced to detect early vascular damage associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors. This study [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Vascular function measurements, including central parameters [pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AI)], as well as peripheral measures [finger photoplethysmography fitness index (PPGF)], have been introduced to detect early vascular damage associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors. This study aimed to compare peripheral and central vascular function marker levels among subjects with hypertension (HPT), dyslipidemia, and obesity. We also aimed to determine the relationship between these markers and CAD risk factors among these groups. Methods: A total of 320 subjects including healthy individuals and those with CAD risk factors were recruited. Peripheral vascular function was assessed using the PPGF, whereas central vascular markers included measurements of PWV and AI. The Framingham risk score (FRS) was calculated using an online calculator. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 33.73 ± 7.29 years. PWV and AI were significantly higher in HPT subjects (8.03 ± 1.40 m/s and 21.90% ± 10.57%) than the control. PPGF levels showed no significant differences between the groups. PWV was associated with FRS in the HPT and dyslipidemia groups, whereas AI was associated with FRS in the obese group. PPGF showed associations with PWV and AI in the dyslipidemia group. Conclusions: PWV and AI serve as robust macrovascular markers indicating arterial stiffness and systemic vascular resistance linked to CAD risk, while PPGF, as a microvascular marker, offers valuable insights into early endothelial dysfunction and microcirculatory anomalies, especially in dyslipidemia subjects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease: New Treatment and Future Directions—4th Edition)
20 pages, 2394 KiB  
Article
From Metabolic Syndrome to Cardio-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome in the SIMETAP Study: Prevalence Rates of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Independent Associations with Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Disorders Other than Its Defining Criteria
by Antonio Ruiz-García, Ezequiel Arranz-Martínez, Adalberto Serrano-Cumplido, Sergio Cinza-Sanjurjo, Carlos Escobar-Cervantes, José Polo-García and Vicente Pallarés-Carratalá
Biomedicines 2025, 13(3), 590; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13030590 - 28 Feb 2025
Viewed by 932
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent entity defined according to cardiometabolic criteria. Other disorders related to MetS could help assess the comprehensive risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to update the prevalence rates [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent entity defined according to cardiometabolic criteria. Other disorders related to MetS could help assess the comprehensive risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to update the prevalence rates of MetS and to assess its relationship with other disorders and clinical conditions other than the criteria defining MetS. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with a random population-based sample of 6588 study subjects between 18 and 102 years of age. Crude and sex- and age-adjusted prevalence rates of MetS were calculated, and their associations with comorbidities and clinical conditions other than their defining criteria were assessed by bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: The adjusted prevalence rates were 36.0% for MetS (39.8% in men; 33.5% in women), 21.5% for premorbid Mets, and 14.5% for morbid MetS. Considering only clinical conditions other than the criteria defining MetS, the independent disorders associated with premorbid MetS were hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, high levels of lipid accumulation product, high triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), high visceral adiposity index, high fatty liver index, and high waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), highlighting excess adiposity (EA). The independent disorders associated with morbid MetS were hypercholesterolaemia, high-WtHR, EA, high-TyG index, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, CKD, and albuminuria, highlighting hypertension. Conclusions: One-fifth of the adult population has premorbid MetS, and almost one-sixth has morbid MetS. Almost two-fifths of people with MetS are at moderate, high, or very high risk of CKD, and four-fifths are at high or very high cardiovascular risk. In addition to the criteria defining MetS, other cardiovascular-renal-metabolic disorders show an independent association with MetS, highlighting EA for premorbid MetS and hypertension for morbid MetS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease: New Treatment and Future Directions—4th Edition)
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Review

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10 pages, 250 KiB  
Review
Navigating Sarcopenia Risks in GLP-1RA Therapy for Advanced Heart Failure
by Winston Wang, Danielle Green, Ramzi Ibrahim, Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Hoang Nhat Pham, Beani Forst, Mohamed Allam, Patrick Sarkis, George Bcharah, Juan Farina, Chadi Ayoub, Dan Sorajja and Reza Arsanjani
Biomedicines 2025, 13(5), 1108; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13051108 - 2 May 2025
Viewed by 297
Abstract
Cardiac cachexia (CC) is a severe complication of advanced heart failure (HF), characterized by involuntary weight loss and muscle wasting, leading to poor outcomes and higher mortality. Despite its severity, CC remains under-recognized and undertreated, lacking targeted therapies specifically addressing its pathophysiology. Glucagon-like [...] Read more.
Cardiac cachexia (CC) is a severe complication of advanced heart failure (HF), characterized by involuntary weight loss and muscle wasting, leading to poor outcomes and higher mortality. Despite its severity, CC remains under-recognized and undertreated, lacking targeted therapies specifically addressing its pathophysiology. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), though beneficial in reducing cardiovascular risk in patients with HF, may exacerbate muscle wasting in cachectic patients, necessitating further investigation. Non-pharmacological strategies, including tailored nutritional support and exercise programs, have shown positive effects on body composition and quality of life in patients with CC. However, there remains a gap in recommendations tailored to preventive strategies and pharmacologic therapies for patients with CC and concomitant GLP-1RA use. This review highlights the multifactorial mechanisms underlying CC and current and emerging therapeutic approaches for mitigating HF-related sarcopenia while on GLP-1RAs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease: New Treatment and Future Directions—4th Edition)
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