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Biomedicines
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Advances in Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease
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Advances in Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2027 | Viewed by 3590

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hye-Sun Shin

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Department of Dental Hygiene, Dongnam Health University, Suwon 16328, Republic of Korea
Interests: periodontal disease; systemic disease; oral health inequality; epidemiology; inflammation; cancer; cardiovascular disease; diabetes; oral microbiome
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on the rapidly advancing understanding of the bidirectional links between periodontal diseases and systemic health. Emerging evidence from molecular biology, genomics, and microbiome research has uncovered intricate mechanisms through which oral dysbiosis contributes to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurodegeneration, cancer, and immune dysfunction. We welcome original research and comprehensive reviews that explore novel biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and precision medicine strategies to improve periodontal–systemic health outcomes. Topics of interest include hematogenous bacterial dissemination, inflammatory mediator networks, oxidative stress, oral–gut–brain axes, and translational applications of multi-omics technologies. We particularly encourage submissions on AI-assisted diagnostic tools, personalized treatment approaches, and clinical validation of biomarker-guided interventions. By highlighting these recent advances, this Special Issue aims to provide an integrated perspective that bridges basic science and clinical practice, fostering the development of evidence-based periodontal medicine that not only improves oral health but also contributes to overall systemic well-being.

Dr. Hye-Sun Shin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • periodontal disease
  • systemic health
  • inflammation
  • oral microbiome
  • cardiovascular disease
  • diabetes
  • cancer
  • oral–gut–brain axis
  • precision medicine
  • biomarkers

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 817 KB  
Article
Association Between Periodontal Disease and Blood Biomarkers in U.S. Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Duaa Alshammari, Yousef Alharbi, Aseel Alshuaib, Zainab Haidar, Fahad AlAli, Yousef Alenezi, Hend Alqaderi and Basel Hamoud
Biomedicines 2025, 13(12), 2991; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13122991 - 5 Dec 2025
Viewed by 1512
Abstract
Background: Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic inflammatory condition linked to systemic immunologic and metabolic alterations. This study evaluated associations between PD and three routinely measured blood biomarkers—white blood cell (WBC) count, serum albumin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)—using data from 4669 [...] Read more.
Background: Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic inflammatory condition linked to systemic immunologic and metabolic alterations. This study evaluated associations between PD and three routinely measured blood biomarkers—white blood cell (WBC) count, serum albumin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)—using data from 4669 adults aged ≥30 years in the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods: PD was defined dichotomously according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP) surveillance criteria. All analyses incorporated NHANES sampling weights, strata, and primary sampling units. Weighted descriptive statistics compared characteristics by PD status. Stepwise survey-weighted logistic regression examined associations between biomarkers and PD, adjusting for sociodemographic, behavioral, and health-related confounders. Restricted cubic splines assessed nonlinearity, and biomarker effects were additionally scaled per standard deviation (SD). Results: Higher WBC counts (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.04–1.11) and higher MCHC values (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.06–1.22) were positively associated with PD, whereas serum albumin showed an inverse association (OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.62–0.93). Spline models demonstrated significant nonlinear components for all biomarkers, and SD-scaled estimates confirmed consistent gradients. Conclusions: These findings support links between periodontal inflammation and systemic hematologic alterations. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify underlying mechanisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease)
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12 pages, 247 KB  
Article
Synergic Elevation of Systemic Inflammation by the Coexistence of Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Analysis of Korean Adults
by Hye-Sun Shin
Biomedicines 2025, 13(10), 2441; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102441 - 7 Oct 2025
Viewed by 1034
Abstract
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the additive effect of periodontitis and diabetes mellitus on systemic inflammation, measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), in a nationally representative Korean population. Methods: Data from 3178 adults (≥19 years) in the 2015 Korean National Health and [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the additive effect of periodontitis and diabetes mellitus on systemic inflammation, measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), in a nationally representative Korean population. Methods: Data from 3178 adults (≥19 years) in the 2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Periodontitis was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI), and diabetes mellitus was defined based on clinical criteria. Participants were classified into four groups according to the presence of periodontitis and diabetes. hs-CRP levels were analyzed by quartiles and ADA/CDC cardiovascular risk categories. ANCOVA and multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for socioeconomic status, oral health and health behaviors, and comorbidities, were used to examine the association between coexisting periodontitis and diabetes and elevated hs-CRP. Results: Mean hs-CRP increased progressively from G1 (1.11 ± 0.49 mg/L) to G4 (2.37 ± 0.38 mg/L). After adjustment, G4 retained the highest concentration (2.31 ± 0.39 mg/L) versus G1 (1.37 ± 0.11 mg/L; p = 0.020). High-risk hs-CRP prevalence (>3.0 mg/L) increased nearly threefold across groups (p < 0.001). Similarly, G4 had increased odds of being in the ADA/CDC high-risk category (>3.0 mg/L) (aOR = 2.73, 95% CI: 1.64–4.54), whereas no significant associations were observed for periodontitis or diabetes alone. Conclusions: The coexistence of periodontitis and diabetes mellitus is significantly associated with elevated systemic inflammation, as measured by hs-CRP, suggesting a synergistic effect beyond the impact of either condition alone. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease)

Review

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20 pages, 1249 KB  
Review
Microbial Shifts After Sleeve Gastrectomy: The Gut–Oral Axis, Periodontal Outcomes, and Competing Oral Risks
by Felicia Gabriela Beresescu, Razvan Marius Ion, Adriana-Stela Crisan and Andrea Bors
Biomedicines 2026, 14(4), 838; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14040838 - 7 Apr 2026
Viewed by 598
Abstract
Background: Severe obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, dysglycemia, and higher periodontitis risk. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is now a dominant bariatric procedure and reliably improves weight and metabolic status yet reported oral and periodontal trajectories after surgery remain heterogeneous. Objective: [...] Read more.
Background: Severe obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, dysglycemia, and higher periodontitis risk. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is now a dominant bariatric procedure and reliably improves weight and metabolic status yet reported oral and periodontal trajectories after surgery remain heterogeneous. Objective: To synthesize SG-centered evidence on periodontal outcomes, oral and gut microbiome remodeling, and mechanistic pathways that may link postoperative physiology to the gut–oral axis. Methods: We conducted a structured narrative review guided by SANRA principles using targeted searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, complemented by citation chaining of key reviews and mechanistic anchor papers; evidence was organized into clinical, oral microbiome, gut microbiome, and mechanistic gut–oral axis streams and interpreted with a pragmatic evidence hierarchy. Results: Small prospective SG cohorts suggest bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival indices, and sometimes probing depth (PD) may improve in some patients, particularly alongside weight loss, improved glycemic control, and lower systemic inflammatory burden, whereas clinical attachment level (CAL) and longer-term structural trajectories remain mixed; mixed-procedure syntheses also report early deterioration in some settings. Oral microbiome findings after bariatric surgery are site- and time-dependent, and salivary signals do not necessarily mirror subgingival plaque, whereas gut microbiome remodeling and bile acid signaling changes are more consistently reported and provide plausible but indirect mediator candidates. At the same time, reflux, vomiting, salivary changes, diet patterning, medications, and periodontal care can modify or counteract potential periodontal benefits and may increase competing risks such as caries or erosive tooth wear. Conclusions: The SG–gut–oral axis-periodontal pathway is a biologically plausible working hypothesis rather than a proven causal pathway in humans. The present evidence for any periodontal benefit relies mainly on small observational cohorts and is most credibly demonstrated for inflammatory, not structural, endpoints. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease)
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