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Biomedicines
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Unraveling New Horizon in Vascular Diseases: From Pathophysiology to Novel...
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Unraveling New Horizon in Vascular Diseases: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2026) | Viewed by 5212

Editors

Prof. Dr. Miguel A. Ortega

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, IRYCYS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
Interests: vascular diseases; artery; venous disease; venous hypertension; heart; lymph; diabetes; immune system; translational medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Raul Diaz-Pedrero

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
2. Department of General and Digestive Surgery, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
Interests: surgery; abdominal wall; vascular diseases; artery; venous disease; venous hypertension; heart; lymph; diabetes; translational medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vascular pathologies represent one of the greatest challenges of our time. It is estimated that they will be one of the most prevalent pathologies and will cause the greatest mortality and loss of quality of life in the coming decades. All of this makes it necessary for clinical, biomedical, and technological research to focus on improving the understanding of vascular diseases in order to guarantee a real and effective translation of research. In this sense, our Special Issue aims to be a meeting point for a large number of professionals who have a vocation for understanding and translation in vascular pathologies as a whole. For this reason, we want to accommodate the three pillars of vascular pathology (arterial, venous, and lymphatic).

Prof. Dr. Miguel A. Ortega
Dr. Raul Diaz-Pedrero
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • vascular diseases
  • artery
  • venous disease
  • venous hypertension
  • heart
  • lymph
  • diabetes
  • surgery
  • immune system
  • translational medicine

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 3030 KB  
Article
Evidence of Inflammatory Network Disruption in Chronic Venous Disease: An Analysis of Circulating Cytokines and Chemokines
by Oscar Fraile-Martinez, Cielo García-Montero, Ana María Gomez-Lahoz, Felipe Sainz, Julia Bujan, Silvestra Barrena-Blázquez, Laura López-González, Raul Díaz-Pedrero, Melchor Álvarez-Mon, Natalio García-Honduvilla, Miguel A. Saez, Jorge Monserrat and Miguel A. Ortega
Biomedicines 2025, 13(1), 150; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13010150 - 9 Jan 2025
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3279
Abstract
Background: Chronic venous disease (CVD) comprises a set of vascular disorders that affect the venous system with important local and systemic repercussions. A growing body of evidence displays the relationship between suffering from CVD and a marked deregulation of the immune inflammatory system. [...] Read more.
Background: Chronic venous disease (CVD) comprises a set of vascular disorders that affect the venous system with important local and systemic repercussions. A growing body of evidence displays the relationship between suffering from CVD and a marked deregulation of the immune inflammatory system. In this sense, the previous literature has reported some significant changes in the level of various circulating inflammatory parameters in these patients. However, more research is required to detail and deepen this complex relationship. Methods: In this work, we studied, using a multiplex technique, the levels of circulating cytokines and chemokines detectable in the serum of 40 patients with CVD and compared it with 38 healthy controls (HCs). In parallel, we performed Spearman’s correlation analysis to explore potential inflammatory networks in CVD. Results: In this study, we measured circulating cytokines and chemokines in CVD patients using a multiplex assay. Results showed increased levels of several pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-23, TNF-α, IFN-γ, fractalkine, ITAC, and GM-CSF) and a decrease in IL-13, with no significant changes in IL-4, IL-10, IL-21, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, or MIP-3α. The Spearman correlation analysis revealed strong, positive correlations among several inflammatory mediators in HC, particularly between TNF-alpha, IL-1β, IL-17A, and IL-23, forming a highly interconnected cytokine network. In contrast, CVD patients showed fewer, weaker, and distinct correlations, with new associations such as IFN-γ with IL-1β and IL-23, suggesting a disrupted inflammatory profile. Conclusions: The distinct inflammatory profile in CVD patients, characterized by altered cytokine and chemokine levels and a less coordinated cytokine network, underscores the reconfiguration of inflammatory pathways in this condition. These findings highlight potential therapeutic targets aimed at restoring immune balance and mitigating chronic inflammation in CVD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unraveling New Horizon in Vascular Diseases: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic)
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Review

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21 pages, 1240 KB  
Review
From Cerebrovascular Injury to Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles
by Smara Sigdel, Harshal Sawant, Brandon Xiang Yu, Annie Chen, Rakan Albalawy and Jinju Wang
Biomedicines 2026, 14(1), 163; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14010163 - 13 Jan 2026
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1385
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) encompass a spectrum of cognitive syndromes ranging from mild cognitive impairment to vascular dementia, accounting for approximately 15–20% of all dementia cases and representing the second most common form of dementia. Despite its high prevalence and clinical [...] Read more.
Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) encompass a spectrum of cognitive syndromes ranging from mild cognitive impairment to vascular dementia, accounting for approximately 15–20% of all dementia cases and representing the second most common form of dementia. Despite its high prevalence and clinical burden, effective therapeutic strategies remain lacking. Increasing evidence indicates that vascular dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of VCID by compromising cerebrovascular integrity, impairing endothelial function, and disrupting neurovascular coupling, which collectively contribute to cognitive decline. Stem cells have emerged as promising candidates for promoting vascular repair and neurovascular coupling. Notably, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem cells exert reparative and protective effects by transferring bioactive molecules that enhance endothelial function and preserve the blood–brain barrier (BBB) function to affected regions. This review summarizes the current knowledge of VCID from a vascular perspective, highlights recent advances in understanding stem cells and their derived EVs in promoting vascular repair and alleviating cognitive decline, and discusses future directions for translating these insights into innovative therapeutic strategies for VCID. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unraveling New Horizon in Vascular Diseases: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic)
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