The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Hepatic, Pancreatic and Biliary Diseases

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2025) | Viewed by 4838

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Center for Clinical and Translational Research; the Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
2. Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Interests: pathogenesis of chronic liver disease; molecular mechanisms of liver fibrosis; pro- and anti-fibrogenic actions of extracellular vesicles

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Guest Editor
Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
Interests: pathogenic and therapeutic actions of extracellular vesicles in liver disease; ferroptosis in liver disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in regulating pathogenic processes in the liver, pancreas or biliary system. EVs, such as exosomes and microvesicles, are produced by multiple cell types and carry a complex molecular payload comprising proteins, mRNAs and microRNAs that reflect the varied phenotypic statuses of the producer cells. EVs can traverse intercellular spaces or be transported through bodily fluids, resulting in their delivery to other cells into which EV cargo molecules may be deposited. These cargo molecules’ numerous activities can cause functional alterations in the recipient cell which, in the context of disease, may initiate, exacerbate or drive the progression of pathogenic processes.  Conversely, some EVs types exert therapeutic actions and show promise for suppressing or reversing the progression of hepatic, pancreatic or biliary diseases.

We invite contributors to submit original research and review articles discussing any aspect of the EVs involved in hepatic, pancreatic or biliary diseases, such as primary tissue injury, inflammation, fibrosis and cancer. Researchers should limit the focus of their studies of diabetes to the EV biology of pancreatic islet dysfunction.

Potential topics of interest regarding the role of EVs in hepatic, pancreatic or biliary diseases include, but are not limited to, the following research areas:

  • Mechanisms that alter the production of EVs during disease;
  • Mechanisms of EV-mediated pathogenesis;
  • Analysis and functional relevance of EV molecular cargo;
  • EV-based disease diagnosis or prognosis;
  • EV-mediated therapy.

Dr. David R. Brigstock
Dr. Xinlei Li
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • exosome
  • extracellular vesicle
  • microvesicle
  • steatosis
  • hepatitis
  • pancreatitis
  • hepatocarcinoma
  • pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
  • diabetes
  • fibrosis
  • bile duct
  • liver
  • pancreas

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

21 pages, 1759 KiB  
Review
Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential as Therapeutics in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)
by Xue Zou and David Brigstock
Biomedicines 2024, 12(12), 2848; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12122848 - 14 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1588
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides within hepatocytes, which can progress to more severe conditions, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), which may include progressive fibrosis, leading to cirrhosis, cancer, and death. This goal of [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides within hepatocytes, which can progress to more severe conditions, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), which may include progressive fibrosis, leading to cirrhosis, cancer, and death. This goal of this review is to highlight recent research showing the potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) in reducing the key pathogenic pathways of MASLD or MASH. Methods: Relevant published studies were identified using PubMed with one or more of the following search terms: MASLD, MASH, NAFLD, NASH, exosome, extracellular vesicle (EV), therapy, and/or mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). The primary literature were subsequently downloaded and summarized. Results: Using in vitro or in vivo models, MSC-EVs have been found to counteract oxidative stress, a significant contributor to liver injury in MASH, and to suppress disease progression, including steatosis, inflammation, and, in a few instances, fibrosis. Some of these outcomes have been attributed to specific EV cargo components including microRNAs and proteins. Thus, MSC-EVs enriched with these types of molecules may have improved the therapeutic efficacy for MASLD/MASH and represent a novel approach to potentially halt or reverse the disease process. Conclusions: MSC-EVs are attractive therapeutic agents for treating MASLD/MASH. Further studies are necessary to validate the clinical applicability and efficacy of MSC-EVs in human MASH patients, focusing on optimizing delivery strategies and identifying the pathogenic pathways that are targeted by specific EV components. Full article
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14 pages, 1065 KiB  
Review
The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Metabolic Diseases
by Carlos González-Blanco, Sarai Iglesias-Fortes, Ángela Cristina Lockwood, César Figaredo, Daniela Vitulli and Carlos Guillén
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 992; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12050992 - 30 Apr 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2504
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles represent a group of structures with the capacity to communicate with different cells and organs. This complex network of interactions can regulate multiple physiological processes in the organism. Very importantly, these processes can be altered during the appearance of different diseases [...] Read more.
Extracellular vesicles represent a group of structures with the capacity to communicate with different cells and organs. This complex network of interactions can regulate multiple physiological processes in the organism. Very importantly, these processes can be altered during the appearance of different diseases including cancer, metabolic diseases, etc. In addition, these extracellular vesicles can transport different cargoes, altering the initiation of the disease, driving the progression, or even accelerating the pathogenesis. Then, we have explored the implication of these structures in different alterations such as pancreatic cancer, and in different metabolic alterations such as diabetes and its complications and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Finally, we have explored in more detail the communication between the liver and the pancreas. In summary, extracellular vesicles represent a very efficient system for the communication among different tissues and permit an efficient system as biomarkers of the disease, as well as being involved in the extracellular-vesicle-mediated transport of molecules, serving as a potential therapy for different diseases. Full article
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