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Multidisciplinary Insights on Bone Healing
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Multidisciplinary Insights on Bone Healing

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 February 2021) | Viewed by 30994

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alexandre Anesi

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy
Interests: bioceramics based bone grafting materials for regenerative biomedicine; bioceramics biocompatibility through in vitro/cytotoxicity assays, and /in vivo /implantation in animal model; bone cutting device evaluation, both for rotatory instruments and piezosurgical osteotomes; microsurgical flap reconstruction for head & neck defects; deep learning and computing technology in maxillo-facial surgery, head & neck surgical oncology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Francesco Cavani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy
Interests: effects of physical energy applied to biological systems, in particular evaluation of the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields and ultrasound on bone tissue and cartilage in animal models in vivo; histomorphometry and histology on bone; cartilage and teeth; effect of drugs on bone metabolism; bone regeneration in implant dentistry and surgery

Special Issue Information

At the basis of the bone healing process there is a sophisticated multifactorial “system” composed of both macro- and microscopic agents that interact each other in order to obtain a recovery of the correct morphological and functional features. Bone-tissue-specific agents and extra-bone factors can influence the final outcome at several levels; all of them are characterized by complex and multidisciplinary perspectives that have raised many questions that have yet to be fully elucidated. The consequence has been the raising of the curtain on this fascinating topic, which must be looked at from different angles in order to be correctly framed.

Basic research with a transitional approach and clinical applications about the bone healing process are manifold: fracture can be either iatrogenic (antiresorptive therapies) or spontaneous, involving a healthy or an impaired bone; moreover, adequate bone healing of osteotomic surfaces is essential in several surgical specialties. Interdisciplinarity between pre-clinical (e.g., the interaction of tissue and biophysical energy), medical (e.g., innovative pharmacological protocols) and surgical specialties, as well as regenerative medicine strategies, may result in a common enrichment in terms of knowledge of bone healing processes and an improvement in applying these notions for the safety of patients. We hope that researchers with different areas of expertise will consider contributing to this Special Issue.

Dr. Alexandre Anesi
Dr. Francesco Cavani
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bone healing 
  • bone regeneration 
  • bone diseases and related pathologies 
  • bone tissue engineering 
  • bone substitute

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

3 pages, 188 KiB  
Editorial
Editorial for the Special Issue on “Multidisciplinary Insights on Bone Healing”
by Alexandre Anesi and Francesco Cavani
Biology 2022, 11(12), 1776; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11121776 - 7 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1350
Abstract
Animal and human bone damage can be considered differently according to a macro- or micro-level analysis [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Insights on Bone Healing)

Research

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18 pages, 4315 KiB  
Article
Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration Based on PCL and Mg-Containing Bioactive Glasses
by Mauro Petretta, Alessandro Gambardella, Marco Boi, Matteo Berni, Carola Cavallo, Gregorio Marchiori, Maria Cristina Maltarello, Devis Bellucci, Milena Fini, Nicola Baldini, Brunella Grigolo and Valeria Cannillo
Biology 2021, 10(5), 398; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10050398 - 4 May 2021
Cited by 44 | Viewed by 5152
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) is widely used in additive manufacturing for the construction of scaffolds for tissue engineering because of its good bioresorbability, biocompatibility, and processability. Nevertheless, its use is limited by its inadequate mechanical support, slow degradation rate and the lack of bioactivity and [...] Read more.
Polycaprolactone (PCL) is widely used in additive manufacturing for the construction of scaffolds for tissue engineering because of its good bioresorbability, biocompatibility, and processability. Nevertheless, its use is limited by its inadequate mechanical support, slow degradation rate and the lack of bioactivity and ability to induce cell adhesion and, thus, bone tissue regeneration. In this study, we fabricated 3D PCL scaffolds reinforced with a novel Mg-doped bioactive glass (Mg-BG) characterized by good mechanical properties and biological reactivity. An optimization of the printing parameters and scaffold fabrication was performed; furthermore, an extensive microtopography characterization by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy was carried out. Nano-indentation tests accounted for the mechanical properties of the scaffolds, whereas SBF tests and cytotoxicity tests using human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were performed to evaluate the bioactivity and in vitro viability. Our results showed that a 50/50 wt% of the polymer-to-glass ratio provides scaffolds with a dense and homogeneous distribution of Mg-BG particles at the surface and roughness twice that of pure PCL scaffolds. Compared to pure PCL (hardness H = 35 ± 2 MPa and Young’s elastic modulus E = 0.80 ± 0.05 GPa), the 50/50 wt% formulation showed H = 52 ± 11 MPa and E = 2.0 ± 0.2 GPa, hence, it was close to those of trabecular bone. The high level of biocompatibility, bioactivity, and cell adhesion encourages the use of the composite PCL/Mg-BG scaffolds in promoting cell viability and supporting mechanical loading in the host trabecular bone. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Insights on Bone Healing)
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Review

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17 pages, 519 KiB  
Review
Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field (PEMF) Effect on Bone Healing in Animal Models: A Review of Its Efficacy Related to Different Type of Damage
by Mattia Di Bartolomeo, Francesco Cavani, Arrigo Pellacani, Alexis Grande, Roberta Salvatori, Luigi Chiarini, Riccardo Nocini and Alexandre Anesi
Biology 2022, 11(3), 402; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11030402 - 5 Mar 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 7066
Abstract
Biophysical energies are a versatile tool to stimulate tissues by generating biopotentials. In particular, pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation has intrigued researchers since the 1970s. To date, many investigations have been carried out in vivo, but a gold standard treatment protocol has not [...] Read more.
Biophysical energies are a versatile tool to stimulate tissues by generating biopotentials. In particular, pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation has intrigued researchers since the 1970s. To date, many investigations have been carried out in vivo, but a gold standard treatment protocol has not yet been defined. The main obstacles are represented by the complex setting of PEMF characteristics, the variety of animal models (including direct and indirect bone damage) and the lack of a complete understanding of the molecular pathways involved. In the present review the main studies about PEMF stimulation in animal models with bone impairment were reviewed. PEMF signal characteristics were investigated, as well as their effect on molecular pathways and osseous morphological features. We believe that this review might be a useful starting point for a prospective study in a clinical setting. Consistent evidence from the literature suggests a potential beneficial role of PEMF in clinical practice. Nevertheless, the wide variability of selected parameters (frequency, duration, and amplitude) and the heterogeneity of applied protocols make it difficult to draw certain conclusions about PEMF effectiveness in clinical implementation to promote bone healing. Deepening the knowledge regarding the most consistent results reported in literature to date, we believe that this review may be a useful starting point to propose standardized experimental guidelines. This might provide a solid base for further controlled trials, to investigate PEMF efficacy in bone damage conditions during routine clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Insights on Bone Healing)
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21 pages, 3946 KiB  
Review
Peri-Implantitis Regenerative Therapy: A Review
by Lorenzo Mordini, Ningyuan Sun, Naiwen Chang, John-Paul De Guzman, Luigi Generali and Ugo Consolo
Biology 2021, 10(8), 773; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10080773 - 13 Aug 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 7171
Abstract
The surgical techniques available to clinicians to treat peri-implant diseases can be divided into resective and regenerative. Peri-implant diseases are inflammatory conditions affecting the soft and hard tissues around dental implants. Despite the large number of investigations aimed at identifying the best approach [...] Read more.
The surgical techniques available to clinicians to treat peri-implant diseases can be divided into resective and regenerative. Peri-implant diseases are inflammatory conditions affecting the soft and hard tissues around dental implants. Despite the large number of investigations aimed at identifying the best approach to treat these conditions, there is still no universally recognized protocol to solve these complications successfully and predictably. This review will focus on the regenerative treatment of peri-implant osseous defects in order to provide some evidence that can aid clinicians in the approach to peri-implant disease treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Insights on Bone Healing)
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17 pages, 592 KiB  
Review
The Influence of Eggshell on Bone Regeneration in Preclinical In Vivo Studies
by Horia Opris, Cristian Dinu, Mihaela Baciut, Grigore Baciut, Ileana Mitre, Bogdan Crisan, Gabriel Armencea, Daiana Antoaneta Prodan and Simion Bran
Biology 2020, 9(12), 476; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9120476 - 18 Dec 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3911
Abstract
The aim of this study is to systemically review the available evidence on the in vivo behavior of eggshell as a guided bone regeneration substitute material. Five databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE) were searched up to October 2020. In vivo [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is to systemically review the available evidence on the in vivo behavior of eggshell as a guided bone regeneration substitute material. Five databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE) were searched up to October 2020. In vivo animal studies with a bone defect model using eggshell as a grafting material were included. Risk of bias was assessed using SYRCLE tool and the quality assessment using the ARRIVE guidelines. Overall, a total of 581 studies were included in the study, 187 after duplicate removal. Using the inclusion and exclusion criteria 167 records were further excluded. The full text of the remaining 20 articles was assessed for eligibility and included in the qualitative and quantitative assessment synthesis. There were different methods of obtaining eggshell grafting materials. Eggshell is a biocompatible grafting material, with osteoconduction proprieties. It forms new bone similar to Bio-Oss and demineralized freeze-dried bone matrix. It can be combined with other materials to enhance its proprieties. Due to the high variability of the procedures, animals, production and assessment methods, no meta-analysis could be performed. Eggshell might be considered a promising biomaterial to be used in bone grafting procedures, though further research is needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Insights on Bone Healing)
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15 pages, 529 KiB  
Review
Interaction between Laser Light and Osteoblasts: Photobiomodulation as a Trend in the Management of Socket Bone Preservation—A Review
by Andrea Amaroli, Esteban Colombo, Angelina Zekiy, Stefano Aicardi, Stefano Benedicenti and Nicola De Angelis
Biology 2020, 9(11), 409; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9110409 - 23 Nov 2020
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 4940
Abstract
Bone defects are the main reason for aesthetic and functional disability, which negatively affect patient’s quality of life. Particularly, after tooth extraction, the bone of the alveolar process resorbs, limiting the optimal prosthetic implant placement. One of the major pathophysiological events in slowly- [...] Read more.
Bone defects are the main reason for aesthetic and functional disability, which negatively affect patient’s quality of life. Particularly, after tooth extraction, the bone of the alveolar process resorbs, limiting the optimal prosthetic implant placement. One of the major pathophysiological events in slowly- or non-healing tissues is a blood supply deficiency, followed by a significant decrease in cellular energy amount. The literature shows that photons at the red and infrared wavelengths can interact with specific photoacceptors located within the cell. Through this mechanism, photobiomodulation (PBM) can modify cellular metabolism, by increasing mitochondrial ATP production. Here, we present a review of the literature on the effect of PBM on bone healing, for the management of socket preservation. A search strategy was developed in line with the PRISMA statement. The PubMed and Scholar electronic databases were consulted to search for in vivo studies, with restrictions on the year (<50 years-old), language (English), bone socket preservation, and PBM. Following the search strategy, we identified 269 records, which became 14, after duplicates were removed and titles, abstract and inclusion-, exclusion-criteria were screened. Additional articles identified were 3. Therefore, 17 articles were included in the synthesis. We highlight the osteoblast–light interaction, and the in vivo therapeutic tool of PBM is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Insights on Bone Healing)
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