Recent Advances in Metabolic Disorders

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Physiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 632

Special Issue Editor


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Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK
Interests: cell biology; mitochondria; free radicals; antioxidants; iron metabolism; metabolic dysregulation; alcohol; liver disorders; lipid metabolism
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia, have significantly improved patient care. Diagnostic methods have become more precise with innovations like continuous glucose monitoring, genetic testing, and metabolomics, enabling earlier detection and personalized treatment strategies. In treatment, newer classes of medications, including GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, offer improved outcomes for diabetes and weight management. Additionally, advancements in bariatric surgery and gene therapies provide options for severe cases. These developments, alongside integrated lifestyle interventions, are transforming the management of metabolic disorders, reducing complications, and enhancing quality of life. However, for conditions such as alcohol-associated liver disease and iron overload (hemochromatosis), despite some advancement in the field, treatment options remain limited.

In this Special Issue, we invite researchers to provide original research articles and review articles that relate to molecular mechanisms and therapeutics or diagnostic strategies focusing on oxidative stress and organelle and cellular dysfunction linked to metabolic dysfunction. We welcome studies involving cellular and animal models as well as human participants; we also welcome studies exploring innovative supplementation or intervention approaches, such as antioxidant delivery systems and novel molecules.

We believe that this Special Issue will significantly enhance our current understanding of oxidative stress, cellular dysfunction, and progression to disease states.

Prof. Dr. Vinood B. Patel
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • iron
  • mitochondria
  • oxidative stress
  • inflammation
  • metabolism
  • free radicals
  • alcohol
  • treatment
 
 

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 4050 KiB  
Article
Curcumin Nanocarriers in the Protection Against Iron- and Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Stress in a Cellular Model of Liver Disease
by Lucy Petagine, Mohammed G. Zariwala, Satyanarayana Somavarapu, Stefanie Ho Yi Chan and Vinood B. Patel
Biology 2025, 14(5), 455; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology14050455 - 23 Apr 2025
Viewed by 364
Abstract
During chronic alcohol misuse, hepatic iron overload occurs, leading to exacerbated oxidative stress and liver injury. The aim was to study formulations encapsulated with the antioxidant curcumin to assess their ability protect against oxidative stress in a model of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) [...] Read more.
During chronic alcohol misuse, hepatic iron overload occurs, leading to exacerbated oxidative stress and liver injury. The aim was to study formulations encapsulated with the antioxidant curcumin to assess their ability protect against oxidative stress in a model of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) combined with iron. HepG2 (VL-17A) cells were treated with iron (50 µM) alone or with alcohol (200 to 350 mM) over 72 h and markers of oxidative damage, cell death, and mitochondrial function were assessed. Nanoformulations encapsulating curcumin were also studied. VL-17A cells treated with both ethanol and iron showed significant decreases in cell viability (64%, p < 0.0001) when compared to control, and a 56% decrease (p = 0.0279) when compared to iron-only treatment. Iron-alone treatment caused a 115% increase (p < 0.0001) in ROS at 48 h as well as increases of up to 118% when treated with 200 mM ethanol + 50 μM iron (p < 0.0001), compared to control DMEM. The study found that 10 µM curcumin DSPE-PEG increased cell viability by 17% and 41% when compared to control and iron treatment alone, respectively. Formulations reduced ROS by 36% (p = 0.0015) when compared to iron-alone treatment. In summary, encapsulated curcumin provided antioxidant capacity and reduced oxidative stress, demonstrating the therapeutic potential for curcumin formulations in ALD combined with iron dysregulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Metabolic Disorders)
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