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Batteries
Special Issues
Fast-Charging Lithium Batteries: Challenges, Progress and Future
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Fast-Charging Lithium Batteries: Challenges, Progress and Future

A special issue of Batteries (ISSN 2313-0105). This special issue belongs to the section "Battery Performance, Ageing, Reliability and Safety".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2025) | Viewed by 4765

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mei Luo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
Interests: lithium and post-lithium-ion batteries; silicon anode; life cycle and calendar life in LIBs; fast-charging technologies
Dr. Wenquan Lu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
Interests: lithium-ion batteries; lithium sulfur batteries; silicon anode; solid state electrolyte; electrode design and fabrication; thermal safety
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Compared to traditional combustion-engine-powered vehicles that can be refilled in 5 min, electric vehicles, especially those with high energy-density batteries, currently take much longer to refill. To meet the expectations of consumers, fast-charging lithium batteries are desirable and considered a key challenge for the widespread adoption of electric vehicles. Many obstacles such as extensive energy decay and safety issues hinder the fast-charging target of charging to 80% state of charge within 10‒15 min. Recently, the fast-charging-related research has increased rapidly, and more research is expected in coming years. This Special Issue is looking for contributions to help us understand the mechanism and obstacles of fast charging and gather innovative studies on novel materials and technologies to improve fast-charging capability of batteries.

Potential topics include but not are limited to:

  • Li-ion batteries, Li metal batteries, Li-S, Li-O, etc.
  • Material development including anode, cathode, electrolyte, etc.
  • Electrode and cell design and fabrication.
  • Cell performance testing including cycle life and thermal safety investigation.
  • Characterization methodology investigation.
  • Modeling and machine learning to understand and predict cell performance.

Dr. Mei Luo
Dr. Wenquan Lu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Batteries is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lithium ion batteries
  • lithium batteries
  • fast charging
  • lithium plating
  • cycle life
  • electrode architecture
  • modeling and machine learning
  • thermal safety

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 3485 KiB  
Article
Lifecycle Evaluation of Lithium-Ion Batteries Under Fast Charging and Discharging Conditions
by Olivia Bruj and Adrian Calborean
Batteries 2025, 11(2), 65; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11020065 - 7 Feb 2025
Viewed by 1059
Abstract
By employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, we performed an impedance analysis of three commercial Li-ion Panasonic NCR18650B cells in order to investigate the direct effects of their internal impedance on the operating voltage, rate capability, and efficiency and their practical capacity. We aimed to [...] Read more.
By employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, we performed an impedance analysis of three commercial Li-ion Panasonic NCR18650B cells in order to investigate the direct effects of their internal impedance on the operating voltage, rate capability, and efficiency and their practical capacity. We aimed to assess their performance, safety, and longevity when distinct fast charge/discharge rates were applied. By maintaining a constant fast discharge rate of 2C, we monitored the degradation speed and the influence of the C-rates on the LIBs by applying distinct charge rates, namely, 1C, 1.5C, and 2C. In order to understand how their performance correlates with usage conditions, an SoH evolution analysis, together with a Q–Q0 total charge and energy consumption examination, was performed, taking into account that cycling monitoring is vital for ensuring their longevity and/or safety. Increasing the Icharge from 1C to 1.5C reduces the battery lifetime by ~50%, while in the case of fast charge/discharge rates of 2C, the lifetime performance decrease is almost ~70% due to a capacity loss that accelerates quickly when the charge rates increase. Moreover, for the latter cell, the last discharge rate can only go up to ~80% SoH, as the battery charge rate can no longer support faster degradation. In agreement with these results, the fluctuations in the Q–Q0 total charge become more pronounced, clearly affecting LIB efficiency. High charge rates add an additional high voltage that increases the batteries’ stress, leading to a shorter lifetime. Energy consumption data follow the same trend, in which efficiency decreases dramatically when losses appear because the internal resistance causes more and more heat to be produced during both fast charging and discharging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fast-Charging Lithium Batteries: Challenges, Progress and Future)
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15 pages, 5741 KiB  
Article
Multi-Scale Heterogeneity of Electrode Reaction for 18650-Type Lithium-Ion Batteries during Initial Charging Process
by Dechao Meng, Zifeng Ma and Linsen Li
Batteries 2024, 10(3), 109; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10030109 - 18 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2596
Abstract
The improvement of fast-charging capabilities for lithium-ion batteries significantly influences the widespread application of electric vehicles. Fast-charging performance depends not only on materials but also on the battery’s inherent structure and the heterogeneity of the electrode reaction. Herein, we utilized advanced imaging techniques [...] Read more.
The improvement of fast-charging capabilities for lithium-ion batteries significantly influences the widespread application of electric vehicles. Fast-charging performance depends not only on materials but also on the battery’s inherent structure and the heterogeneity of the electrode reaction. Herein, we utilized advanced imaging techniques to explore how the internal structure of cylindrical batteries impacts macroscopic electrochemical performance. Our research unveiled the natural 3D structural non-uniformity of the electrodes, causing heterogeneity of electrode reaction. This non-uniformity of reaction exhibited a macro–meso–micro-scale feature in four dimensions: the exterior versus the interior of the electrode, the middle versus the sides of the cell, the inside versus the outside of the cell, and the surface versus the body of the electrode. Furthermore, the single-coated side of the anode demonstrated notably faster reaction than the double-coated sides, leading to the deposition of island-like lithium during fast charging. These discoveries offer novel insights into multi-scale fast-charging mechanisms for commercial batteries, inspiring innovative approaches to battery design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fast-Charging Lithium Batteries: Challenges, Progress and Future)
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