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Biofilm formation can lead to problems in healthcare, water distribution systems, food processing and packaging, industrial manufacturing, marine industries, and sanitation. These microbial communities can proliferate on biotic or abiotic surfaces, a...

Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) is a water-soluble, prebiotic fiber that is used in foods and supplements. The effects of PHGG and its role in gut health are still being studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the gut micro...

Fermented foods made through microbial growth and enzymatic conversions have been integral to human diets for at least 10,000 years. Recent interest in fermented foods has surged due to their functional properties and health benefits. Cruciferous veg...

Weizmannia coagulans, previously known as Bacillus coagulans and before that as Lactobacillus sporogenes, is a spore-forming, lactic acid-producing, Gram-positive, bacillus-shaped bacterial species with several known probiotic strains, including...

The discovery and application of bacteriocin-producing probiotics, such as Streptococcus salivarius K12 (BLIS K12), represent significant advances in the prevention and management of bacterial infections, particularly in the oral cavity and upper res...

Anaerobic digestion (AD) involves a set of microbiological reactions and physio-chemical processes to generate biogas, a mixture of predominantly CH₄ and CO₂. It is commercialized globally; however, AD has limited commercial applications in the U.S....

The oral microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microbes, is crucial for oral health. Imbalances in this ecosystem can lead to various oral diseases. Probiotics, live beneficial bacteria, offer a potential solution by strengthening oral defences. This st...

The discovery of novel probiotic bacteria from free-ranging animals for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in domestic pets is a unique approach. The chloroform extraction of gastrointestinal (GI) tract material was used to inactivate vegeta...

Freeze drying is a commonly used method for preserving probiotic bacteria and live biotherapeutic products. Before drying, the bacterial cells are formulated with a lyoprotectant, and the design of these two process steps are crucial to achieve a hig...

The gastrointestinal tract is an environment that hosts various microorganisms, including pathogens. Generally, pathogenic bacteria enter the host body through food and the gastrointestinal tract. These pathogenic bacteria can colonize or infiltrate...

This study appraises the progress in the understanding of the composition of the vaginal microflora with a focus on the microbiome during pregnancy. This knowledge is presented with the background of the global health contribution, along with the imp...

Some species of oral bacteria can reduce dietary nitrate to nitrite, which can later be converted to nitric oxide in the nitrate—nitrite—nitic oxide pathway. Increasing nitric oxide availability can reduce blood pressure (BP) and improve...

The skin microbiome consists of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and mites, which play a crucial role in maintaining skin health and immune function. Imbalances in this microbial community, known as dysbiosis, are implicated in various dermatological condit...

Virus-like particles (VLPs) comprise viral structural proteins that self-assemble to form a particle similar to the native virus capsid. Since their discovery, they have been employed mainly as vaccines to prevent viral infection because they can eli...

The rhizosphere, a narrow region of soil surrounding plant roots, is an environment rich in microbial diversity that profoundly influences plants’ health, growth, and agricultural productivity. This microbial community, known as the rhizosphere...

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in treated hospital wastewater effluents constitute a major environmental and public health concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern...

Colorants have many applications in food, cosmetics, pharmaceutics, textile, paints, plastics, paper, ink and photographic industries. Colorants are classified according to their solubility into dyes and pigments. Those of natural origin have many ad...

Around 70 million metric tonnes of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) are produced each year and are eventually discarded as wholesale garbage. Microorganisms decompose this FVW, which has led to environmental contamination, greenhouse gas emissions, an...

Sourdough fermentation, driven by the biochemical activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), presents a scientifically promising approach to addressing nutritional limitations in cereal-based staples. This review critically examines both the underlying...

Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a multifactorial phenomenon whose genetic, biological, environmental, and nutritional factors outline the heterogeneous phenotype of the disease. A limitation in social connections with others, stereotyped reac...

Parkinson’s disease is a debilitating multisystemic disorder affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Accumulating evidence suggests a potential interaction between gut microbiota and the pathophysiology of the disease. As a r...

Microbiome data is high dimensional, sparse, compositional, and over-dispersed. Therefore, modeling microbiome data is very challenging and it is an active research area. Microbiome analysis has become a progressing area of research as microorganisms...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play a crucial role in maintaining sustainable agroecosystems by forming mutualistic relationships with plant roots, improving soil health, facilitating nutrient uptake, and enhancing resilience to abiotic stresses....

Antimicrobial resistance is presently one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The surveillance of different environments, namely, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), as hotspots of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, has become crucial under the On...

The amyE gene encoding α-amylase from Bacillus subtilis 168 was fused to several genes, the products of which are membrane proteins to express AmyE extracellularly. Genes of CapA, a subunit of the capsular poly-γ-glutamate synthetase of B...

There is growing scientific and commercial interest in multi-species probiotic products due to their potential benefits in maintaining gut health. Determining the viability of probiotic microorganisms in these products is essential to ensure that the...

The production and consumer use of disinfectants has substantially increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is a mixture of alkyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride compounds and is the most common active ingredient in surfa...

Filamentous fungi exhibit unparalleled potential as cell factories for protein production, owing to their adeptness in protein secretion and remarkable proficiency in post-translational modifications. This review delineates the role of filamentous fu...

Gout, recognized as the most common form of inflammatory arthritis, arises from the accumulation of uric acid crystals, leading to intense pain, particularly in the big toe. This condition has traditionally been associated with the overproduction or...

The use of conventional chemical disinfectants is a common practice in built environments and has drastically increased in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. While effective for instantaneous disinfection, the application of chemical disinfectants to...

Prodigiosin is a fascinating compound that has been gaining attention in the scientific community for its diverse range of potential applications. From its vibrant red color to its unique chemical properties, prodigiosin has captured the interest of...

A phenomenological model of planktonic microbial cultures, reported in previous papers, suggests that the whole growth progress seems planned by the microbial population since a pre-growth latency phase, during which the population level remains at i...

The selection of probiotic bacteria based on their beneficial characteristics does not necessarily mean they can be later scaled up and used for technological applications and formula design. Three probiotic strains—Lactobacillus acidophilus CR...

Microalgae are the primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, while simultaneously playing a vital role in various industrial sectors. Despite their significant ecological and bioeconomic importance, the impacts of oxidative stress on their populations...

Streptococcus thermophilus is a Gram-positive, homofermentative lactic acid bacterium classified within the Firmicutes phylum, recognized for its probiotic properties and significant role in promoting human health. This review consolidates existing u...

Background: Abortion is a spontaneous loss of pregnancy before 20 weeks. Approximately 42 million pregnancies end in abortion. The maternal infections that are transmissible from mother to fetus are caused by many pathogens, of which the TORCH comple...

Pasteurized whey concentrate is used as a base for the production of ingredients for various food products. Whey concentrate (30% dry matter) was used to assess the thermal inactivation of Salmonella (S.) enterica serovar Senftenberg 775W (DSM 10062)...

Synbiotics are mixtures of prebiotics and probiotics that enhance the activity of probiotic bacteria when co-administered to provide greater benefits to the host. Traditionally, the synbiotics that have been discovered enhance gut probiotic strains a...

The escalating threats posed by plant pathogens and the environmental repercussions of conventional agrochemicals necessitate sustainable agricultural solutions. This review focuses on plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) such as bacteria, f...

Today’s perceived excess of work versus rest and excessive stressful situations are one of the potential factors for an increasing number of gastrointestinal disorders. Although the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) varies widely, it...

Bacterial cellulose (BC), a nanostructured biopolymer produced by Komagateibacter spp., exhibits remarkable mechanical strength, purity, and biocompatibility, making it highly attractive for applications in biomedicine, food, and sustainable material...

With the anticipated population growth by 2050, the demand for high-quality protein for human consumption is set to rise. To enhance the sustainability of U.S. cattle production, producers and researchers have traditionally concentrated on improving...

Alternaria leaf spot of cabbage, caused by the Alternaria brassicicola, affects leaves of cabbages and often results in head rots causing severe decline in yield. In this work, the effects of systemic and combination fungicides on A. brassicicola myc...

Background: Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis) is a ubiquitous parasite that has spread worldwide and is commonly present in human stool specimens. It was hypothesized that infection with B. hominis plays a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disea...

Medium optimization and development for selective bacterial cultures are essential for isolating and functionalizing individual bacteria in microbial communities; nevertheless, it remains challenging due to the unknown mechanisms between bacterial gr...

Culture-dependent and culture-independent microbiological methods are two approaches used to study microbial community composition. Culture-dependent methods have been the standard method used for many years but have limited utility with unculturable...

Salmonella has had a long and intimate relationship with humans and continues to raise concerns for human health, but this close bond also provides opportunities for new therapeutics and treatments. Although Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is the p...

This study involved the evaluation of the effect of vacuum pasteurization on physicochemical characteristics (pH, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, chroma, tone, IO, vitamin C, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural), microbiological properties (Staphylococ...

This review explores the diverse applications and therapeutic potential of endophytic microbes, emphasizing both fungal and bacterial endophytes. These microorganisms reside within plant tissues without causing harm and play an important role in enha...

The transformation of the food chain due to technological advances has had significant implications in regard to food safety. A noteworthy trend in this evolution relates to the emergence of new or previously unseen pathogens within products, thereby...