Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress in the Development of Diseases and Therapy

Dear Colleagues,

Oxidative stress is the imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endogenous antioxidants, and is the driving cause of many human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, immune-system disorders, and musculoskeletal diseases. The dramatically increased human lifespan leads to the increased prevalence of these oxidative-stress-related diseases, which may be prevented and treated in order to reduce an economic and psychological burden for patients, their families and society that is currently showing a progressive increase. Healthy aging is crucial and needs to be highlighted as it affects the quality of lifespan. Recent evidence shows that antioxidants and small molecules for inhibiting ROS have therapeutic potential in preclinical studies and clinical trials. A better understanding of mechanisms of ROS production and antioxidant action is important for disease prevention and treatment in the future.

Oxidative stress induces cell proliferation, cellular senescence, and/or cell death through multiple mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy impairment, apoptosis, protein modification, non-coding RNA dysregulation, and other epigenetic regulations. In the past few years, translational research has been extensively carried to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress and to find new chemicals or naturally derived compounds and antioxidants for the treatment of these oxidative-stress-related diseases.

This Special Issue will focus on the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress in causing major human diseases, as well as the therapeutic and nutraceutical effects and molecular mechanisms of antioxidants, both naturally and synthetically derived, on oxidative-stress-induced diseases. It is our hope that this Special Issue will review molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress and redox signaling in disease development, and that it will advance our understanding of translational and clinical studies using antioxidants to foster new strategies for disease prevention.

Prof. Dr. Binghua Jiang
Prof. Dr. Canhua Huang
Guest Editors

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