Ionizing Radiation, Antioxidant Response and Oxidative Damage: Radiomodulators
A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 55754
Special Issue Editors
Interests: importance of oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer pathophysiology; antioxidant defenses; GSH metabolism; radio- and chemoresistance; polyphenols; physiology and endocrinology
Interests: biodosimetry; radioprotectors; radiomitigators; radiosensitivity; radiobiology
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Ionizing radiation, in the form of a particle or electromagnetic wave, requires enough energy to remove electrons from atoms or molecules. The ejected electrons can go on to produce additional ionizations, until all the energy of the incident photon or particle is expended.
Radiation-induced biological effects are determined by the type of radiation, dose rate, total dose, fractionation and protraction, penetration capacity, linear energy transfer (LET), cell or tissue affected, and time of exposure. Adverse effects can be a) deterministic or predictable (in a time range known a posteriori of the event) due to harmful tissue/organ damage following high doses of radiation; and b) stochastic (random), such as mutation-associated pathologies (mainly cancer) and heritable effects following moderate and possibly low doses. All cellular molecules are potential targets for energy deposition and damage. By far the most abundant molecule in the body is water. The highly reactive free radicals formed by the radiolysis can augment molecular damage, referred to as indirect radiation action, to distinguish it from the aforementioned direct radiation action. The most highly reactive and damaging species are hydroxyl radicals (•OH), superoxide anions (O2•−), singlet oxygen, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The consequent oxidative stress affects DNA, lipids, proteins, thiols, epigenetic effectors, etc. The survival response can be modulated by different factors, e.g., DNA repair mechanisms, antioxidant defenses, inflammatory response, bystander effects (non-irradiated cells respond to signals received from nearby irradiated cells), health condition, exposure to carcinogens, chemotherapy, toxins, and the use of potential radioprotectors and/or radiomitigators (radiomodulators).
The aim of this Special Issue is to include selected contributions that will help us to understand the oxidative damage caused by ionizing radiation, the antioxidant response exerted by cells, and means to protect our organs and improve their recovery.
Dr. Elena Obrador
Dr. Alegria Montoro
Guest Editors
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Keywords
- Ionizing radiations
- Oxidative stress
- Antioxidant defenses
- Radioprotectors
- Radiomitigators
- Cancer
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