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Antioxidants
Special Issues
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Insects
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Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Insects

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2023) | Viewed by 6192

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. José Eduardo Serrão

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil
Interests: digestive tract; Insect; Invertebrate; pest control; pollinators

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Insects are important animals that play key roles in the environment and human activities, including that of food production. They inhabit almost all environments, as both terrestrial and aquatic insects exist. They are commonly associated with being agricultural pests or passing on vector-borne diseases to humans and animals, which are issues that are controlled using different strategies, including the use of chemical and biological agents. However, most insects are beneficial for the environment and humans as they play important roles as pollinators of native and cultured plants, they can be natural enemies (such as predators and parasitoids) that control the population of other insect pests, and they are also contributors to nutrient turnover in the environment. Thus, insects are commonly exposed to stressor agents at sublethal levels, which improve oxidative stress, triggering stress pathways in different organs that affect their metabolism, behavior, and lifespan. Therefore, the inhibition of oxidant-mediated effects and the modulation of major antioxidant pathways to counteract oxidative-stress-induced damage have emerged as interesting targets for the conservation of beneficial insects and to understand the side effects of control agents, mainly pesticides.

We invite you to submit your latest research findings or a review article to this Special Issue, which will bring together current research concerning alterations of the oxidant/antioxidant balance in insects and related arthropods, contributing to the comprehension of the defense mechanisms of these organisms in response to environmental pollutants, mainly due to human activities.

Prof. Dr. José Eduardo Serrão
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • invertebrates
  • physiology
  • reactive species of oxygen
  • antioxidants enzymes
  • gene expression
  • Arthropoda
  • pollutants

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1818 KiB  
Article
Midgut Cell Damage and Oxidative Stress in Partamona helleri (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Workers Caused by the Insecticide Lambda-Cyhalothrin
by João Victor de Oliveira Motta, Lenise Silva Carneiro, Luís Carlos Martínez, Daniel Silva Sena Bastos, Matheus Tudor Candido Santos Resende, Bárbara Monteiro Castro Castro, Mariana Machado Neves, José Cola Zanuncio and José Eduardo Serrão
Antioxidants 2023, 12(8), 1510; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12081510 - 28 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1322
Abstract
The stingless bee Partamona helleri plays a role in pollinating both native and cultivated plants in the Neotropics. However, its populations can be reduced by the pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin. This compound may cross the intestinal barrier and circulate through the hemolymph, affecting various [...] Read more.
The stingless bee Partamona helleri plays a role in pollinating both native and cultivated plants in the Neotropics. However, its populations can be reduced by the pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin. This compound may cross the intestinal barrier and circulate through the hemolymph, affecting various non-target bee organs. The aim of the present study was to assess the extent of cellular damage in the midgut and the resulting oxidative stress caused by lambda-cyhalothrin in P. helleri workers. Bees were orally exposed to lambda-cyhalothrin. The lethal concentration at which 50% of the bees died (LC50) was 0.043 mg a.i. L−1. The P. helleri workers were fed this concentration of lambda-cyhalothrin and their midguts were evaluated. The results revealed signs of damage in the midgut epithelium, including pyknotic nuclei, cytoplasm vacuolization, changes in the striated border, and the release of cell fragments, indicating that the midgut was compromised. Furthermore, the ingestion of lambda-cyhalothrin led to an increase in the activity of the detoxification enzyme superoxide dismutase and the levels of the NO2/NO3 markers, indicating oxidative stress. Conversely, the activities of the catalase and glutathione S-transferase enzymes decreased, supporting the occurrence of oxidative stress. In conclusion, the ingestion of lambda-cyhalothrin by P. helleri workers resulted in damage to their midguts and induced oxidative stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Insects)
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14 pages, 1445 KiB  
Article
Differential Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes, Superoxide Dismutase, Peroxidase, and Catalase vis-à-vis Phosphine Resistance in Field Populations of Lesser Grain Borer (Rhyzopertha dominica) from India
by Hagalavadi Vijaykumar Ranjith, Doddachowdappa Sagar, Vinay Kumari Kalia, Anil Dahuja and Sabtharishi Subramanian
Antioxidants 2023, 12(2), 270; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12020270 - 25 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1464
Abstract
Susceptibility to phosphine was compared in 15 populations of lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica) collected from grain storage godowns across India. A high level of resistance to phosphine was noticed in R. dominica collected from northern India compared to those collected [...] Read more.
Susceptibility to phosphine was compared in 15 populations of lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica) collected from grain storage godowns across India. A high level of resistance to phosphine was noticed in R. dominica collected from northern India compared to those collected from northeastern regions of India. The median lethal concentration values varied from 0.024 mg/L to 1.991 mg/L, with 1.63 to 82.96-fold resistance compared to laboratory susceptible checks. Antioxidant enzymes have been reported to negate the reactive oxygen species generated upon encountering the fumigant phosphine. Distinct differences in the activity of antioxidant enzymes were noticed in the field populations exposed to phosphine. Peroxidase activity varied between 1.28 and 336.8 nmol H2O2 reduced/min/mg protein. The superoxide dismutase inhibition rate was between 81.29 and 99.66%, and catalase activity varied between 6.28 and 320.13 nmol H2O2 reduced/min/mg protein. The findings of our investigation show that the activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase are positively linked (p < 0.01) with an increase in resistance ratios, whereas catalase was found to have a negative association with resistance to phosphine. The reported results elucidate the differential activities of principal antioxidant enzymes in scavenging the oxyradicals (O2•−, H2O2,•OH) associated with tolerance to phosphine in R. dominica. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Insects)
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20 pages, 3938 KiB  
Article
Carob (Ceratonia siliqua) as Functional Feed Is Beneficial in Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Rearing: Evidence from Growth, Antioxidant Status and Cellular Responses
by Efthimia Antonopoulou, Nikolas Panteli, Kostantinos Feidantsis, Maria Mastoraki, Eleni I. Koutsogeorgiou, Eirini Grivaki, Theodora Papagrigoriou, Spyros P. Christias, Stavros Chatzifotis, Diamanto Lazari, Stefanos S. Andreadis and Nikos Krigas
Antioxidants 2022, 11(9), 1840; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091840 - 19 Sep 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2634
Abstract
In terms of sustainability and circular economy, agricultural by-products may be efficiently reused in insects’ rearing for high-quality protein sources in human diet and animal feeds. The present study aimed to explore whether the utilization of carob pods as feeding substrate may beneficially [...] Read more.
In terms of sustainability and circular economy, agricultural by-products may be efficiently reused in insects’ rearing for high-quality protein sources in human diet and animal feeds. The present study aimed to explore whether the utilization of carob pods as feeding substrate may beneficially affect Tenebrio molitor’s growth, nutritional value, antioxidant status and cellular responses. Increasing levels of milled whole carob pods (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) were used as alternative wheat bran (control) substrates for yellow mealworm rearing, while growth performance, proximate composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant enzyme activity and the expression of stress- and apoptotic-related proteins were evaluated in larvae. The results showed that carob pods’ content up to 75% did not significantly differentiate larvae weight, development time and total dry matter. Larvae total phenolic content and antioxidant activity exhibited a significant increase at 75% content. Although the antioxidant enzymes’ activity decreased at both 25 and 50% levels, higher carob content levels (75 and 100%) resulted in no significant changes compared to the control. Carob pods led to decreased apoptotic indicators and the low expression of most stress-related proteins compared to the control. The present findings demonstrate that carob pods and their antioxidant properties exert beneficial effects on T. molitor’s rearing and nutritional status, although 100% carob content may impact adversely the larvae due to the high amounts of carob tannins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Insects)
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