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Antioxidants
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NAD+ and Pyridine Nucleotides, Central Players in Plant Metabolic...
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NAD+ and Pyridine Nucleotides, Central Players in Plant Metabolic and Developmental Acclimation

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Antioxidant Enzyme Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 6949

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Bertrand Gakière

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Plant Sciences of Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay INRAE CNRS, Bâtiment 630, Avenue des Sciences, CS 80004, CEDEX, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Interests: primary and secondary plant metabolisms; metabolomics; energy signaling; stress resistance, crop productivity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In general, many metabolic processes required for plant growth and development are dependent on cofactors such as NAD+ and pyridine nucleotides. They play a central role in major metabolic functions such as photosynthesis, respiration, and nitrogen assimilation. In addition to their redox properties, new roles for these nucleotides as central regulators of plant physiology and biomass production, developmental responses, stress tolerance, and defence responses have been documented, and there is now considerable interest in genes and processes underlying the multiple actions of NAD+ and pyridine nucleotide within the plant cell.

Several studies have shown that stimulation of NAD+ synthesis is associated with better plant productivity and could lead to accelerated senescence. Increased NAD+ levels are linked to enhanced resistance to a diverse range of (a)virulent pathogens via salicylic acid (SA), ethylene, jasmonate, and abscisic (ABA), and a reciprocal regulation between NAD+ metabolism and ABA has been demonstrated under abiotic stress conditions. Thus, the cellular and subcellular availability of NAD+ may prime plant growth and development to changing environmental conditions, abiotic stress resistance, and immunity.

This Special Issue will address recent advances in our understanding of the actions of NAD+ and pyridine nucleotides in metabolic, hormonal, and organellar retrograde signalling that allow plants to grow, to tolerate abiotic stresses, to enhance their immunity, and to adapt their development accordingly.

Dr. Bertrand Gakière
Guest Editor

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • NAD+: nicotinamide dinucleotide
  • NADP+: nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate
  • energy and metabolic signaling
  • plant hormones
  • acclimation 
  • crop performance

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 3070 KiB  
Article
Over-Expression of Dehydroascorbate Reductase Improves Salt Tolerance, Environmental Adaptability and Productivity in Oryza sativa
by Young-Saeng Kim, Seong-Im Park, Jin-Ju Kim, Sun-Young Shin, Sang-Soo Kwak, Choon-Hwan Lee, Hyang-Mi Park, Yul-Ho Kim, Il-Sup Kim and Ho-Sung Yoon
Antioxidants 2022, 11(6), 1077; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11061077 - 28 May 2022
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 2813
Abstract
Abiotic stress induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in plants, and high ROS levels can cause partial or severe oxidative damage to cellular components that regulate the redox status. Here, we developed salt-tolerant transgenic rice plants that overexpressed the dehydroascorbate reductase gene ( [...] Read more.
Abiotic stress induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in plants, and high ROS levels can cause partial or severe oxidative damage to cellular components that regulate the redox status. Here, we developed salt-tolerant transgenic rice plants that overexpressed the dehydroascorbate reductase gene (OsDHAR1) under the control of a stress-inducible sweet potato promoter (SWPA2). OsDHAR1-expressing transgenic plants exhibited improved environmental adaptability compared to wild-type plants, owing to enhanced ascorbate levels, redox homeostasis, photosynthetic ability, and membrane stability through cross-activation of ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes under paddy-field conditions, which enhanced various agronomic traits, including root development, panicle number, spikelet number per panicle, and total grain yield. dhar2-knockdown plants were susceptible to salt stress, and owing to poor seed maturation, exhibited reduced biomass (root growth) and grain yield under paddy field conditions. Microarray revealed that transgenic plants highly expressed genes associated with cell growth, plant growth, leaf senescence, root development, ROS and heavy metal detoxification systems, lipid metabolism, isoflavone and ascorbate recycling, and photosynthesis. We identified the genetic source of functional genomics-based molecular breeding in crop plants and provided new insights into the physiological processes underlying environmental adaptability, which will enable improvement of stress tolerance and crop species productivity in response to climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue NAD+ and Pyridine Nucleotides, Central Players in Plant Metabolic and Developmental Acclimation)
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18 pages, 3999 KiB  
Article
NAD(P)H Drives the Ascorbate–Glutathione Cycle and Abundance of Catalase in Developing Beech Seeds Differently in Embryonic Axes and Cotyledons
by Ewa Marzena Kalemba, Shirin Alipour and Natalia Wojciechowska
Antioxidants 2021, 10(12), 2021; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10122021 - 20 Dec 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3578
Abstract
European beech is an important component of European lowland forests in terms of ecology, and produces irregular seeds categorized as intermediate due to their limited longevity. Removal of the excess of reactive oxygen species is crucial for redox homeostasis in growing plant tissues. [...] Read more.
European beech is an important component of European lowland forests in terms of ecology, and produces irregular seeds categorized as intermediate due to their limited longevity. Removal of the excess of reactive oxygen species is crucial for redox homeostasis in growing plant tissues. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is detoxified via the plant-specific ascorbate-glutathione cycle, and enzymatically, mainly by catalase (CAT). The reduced and oxidized (redox) forms of ascorbate (AsA, DHA) and glutathione (GSH, GSSG) decreased during maturation as the content of redox forms of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH, NAD+) phosphate (NADPH, NADP+), cofactors of ascorbate–glutathione enzymes, declined and limited this cycle. The degree of oxidation of glutathione peaked at approximately 80%, at the exact time when the NADP content was the lowest and the NADPH/NADP+ ratio reached the highest values. The glutathione pool was reflected in changes in the NADP pool, both in embryonic axes (R2 = 0.61) and in cotyledons (R2 = 0.98). A large excess of NADPH was reported in embryonic axes, whereas cotyledons displayed more unified levels of NADP redox forms. As a result, anabolic redox charge and reducing power were higher in embryonic axes. CAT was recognized as two proteins, and the abundance of the 55 kDa protein was correlated with all redox forms of ascorbate, glutathione, NAD, and NADP, whereas the 37 kDa protein was oppositely regulated in embryonic axes and cotyledons. Here, we discuss the role of NAD(P) in the regulation of the ascorbate–glutathione cycle, catalase, and seed longevity concerning a putative role of NAD(P)H as a redox biomarker involved in predefining seed quality, because NAD(P)H-derived redox homeostasis was found to be better controlled in embryonic axes than cotyledons. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue NAD+ and Pyridine Nucleotides, Central Players in Plant Metabolic and Developmental Acclimation)
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