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Antioxidants
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Antioxidants in Cancer in 2021
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Antioxidants in Cancer in 2021

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2021) | Viewed by 10421

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Eun-Hee Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon 11160, Korea
Interests: Nrf2; Keap1; reactive oxygen species; oxidative stress; inflammation; cancer; gastrointestinal tract; chemoprevention; cancer metabolism; metastasis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Increased oxidative stress is a common feature of many types of cancer. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a number of functions within cancer cells, depending on the radicals formed, their concentration, and the location of the cells where they develop. Macromolecular damage induced by ROS may contribute to the onset of tumors. Low levels of ROS can mediate proliferation, survival, and progression of tumor cells through various cellular signaling pathways. High levels of ROS can induce tumor cell death as well as the formation of cancer stem cells. Therefore, understanding the targeted regulation of intracellular ROS levels after treatment with antioxidants or chemotherapy at different stages of cancer progression and identifying the related multiple pathways in cancer cells may help develop novel therapeutic approaches to cancer. In this Special Issue of Antioxidants, “Antioxidants in Cancer”, experts are invited to contribute original research papers or review articles that will provide insights into the role of antioxidants in cancer treatment and prevention.

Dr. Eun-Hee Kim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Cancer
  • Antioxidants
  • Reactive oxygen species
  • Oxidative stress
  • Redox signaling
  • Nrf2/Keap1 signaling
  • Inflammation
  • Proliferation
  • Apoptosis
  • Metastasis
  • Phytochemical

Related Special Issues

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 12498 KiB  
Article
Identification of Beilschmiedia tsangii Root Extract as a Liver Cancer Cell–Normal Keratinocyte Dual-Selective NRF2 Regulator
by Yi-Siao Chen, Hsun-Shuo Chang, Hui-Hua Hsiao, Yih-Fung Chen, Yi-Ping Kuo, Feng-Lin Yen and Chia-Hung Yen
Antioxidants 2021, 10(4), 544; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040544 - 01 Apr 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2357
Abstract
Transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) plays a crucial role in regulating the expression of genes participating in cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative or xenobiotic insults. However, there is increasing evidence showing that hyperactivation of NRF2 is associated with chemoresistance [...] Read more.
Transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) plays a crucial role in regulating the expression of genes participating in cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative or xenobiotic insults. However, there is increasing evidence showing that hyperactivation of NRF2 is associated with chemoresistance in several cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), thus making NRF2 an attractive target for cancer therapy. Another important issue in cancer medication is the adverse effects of these substances on normal cells. Here, we attempted to identify a dual-selective NRF2 regulator that exerts opposite effects on NRF2-hyperactivated HCC cells and normal keratinocytes. An antioxidant response element driven luciferase reporter assay was established in Huh7 and HaCaT cells as high-throughput screening platforms. Screening of 3,000 crude extracts from the Taiwanese Indigenous Plant Extract Library resulted in the identification of Beilschmiedia tsangii (BT) root extract as a dual-selective NRF2 regulator. Multiple compounds were found to contribute to the dual-selective effects of BT extract on NRF2 signaling in two cell lines. BT extract reduced NRF2 protein level and target gene expression levels in Huh7 cells but increased them in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, notable combinatory cytotoxic effects of BT extract and sorafenib on Huh7 cells were observed. On the contrary, sorafenib-induced inflammatory reactions in HaCaT cells were reduced by BT extract. In conclusion, our results suggest that the combination of a selective NRF2 activator and inhibitor could be a practical strategy for fine-tuning NRF2 activity for better cancer treatment and that plant extracts or partially purified fractions could be a promising source for the discovery of dual-selective NRF2 regulators. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants in Cancer in 2021)
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19 pages, 3591 KiB  
Article
In Vivo and In Vitro Effects of Tracheloside on Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation and Metastasis
by Min-Kyoung Shin, Yong-Deok Jeon, Seung-Heon Hong, Sa-Haeng Kang, Ji-Ye Kee and Jong-Sik Jin
Antioxidants 2021, 10(4), 513; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040513 - 25 Mar 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2285
Abstract
Recent research suggests a relationship between cancer progression and oxidative mechanisms. Among the phenolic compounds such as tracheloside (TCS) are a major bioactive compound that can combat oxidant stress-related chronic diseases and that also displays anti-tumor activity. Although TCS can inhibit mammalian carcinoma, [...] Read more.
Recent research suggests a relationship between cancer progression and oxidative mechanisms. Among the phenolic compounds such as tracheloside (TCS) are a major bioactive compound that can combat oxidant stress-related chronic diseases and that also displays anti-tumor activity. Although TCS can inhibit mammalian carcinoma, its effects on colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of TCS on the proliferation of CRC cells, the metastasis of CT26 cells, and the molecular mechanisms related to TCS in vitro and in vivo. A cell viability assay showed that TCS inhibited the proliferation of CRC cells. TCS-treated CT26 cells were associated with the upregulation of p16 as well as the downregulation of cyclin D1 and CDK4 in cell cycle arrest. In addition, TCS induced apoptosis of CT26 cells through mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and regulation of the Bcl-2 family. Expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers was regulated by TCS treatment in CT26 cells. TCS significantly inhibited the lung metastasis of CT26 cells in a mouse model. These results suggest that TCS, by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through its anti-oxidant properties, is a novel therapeutic agent that inhibits metastatic phenotypes of murine CRC cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants in Cancer in 2021)
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Review

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23 pages, 1761 KiB  
Review
Role of Oxidative Stress and Nrf2/KEAP1 Signaling in Colorectal Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives with Phytochemicals
by Da-Young Lee, Moon-Young Song and Eun-Hee Kim
Antioxidants 2021, 10(5), 743; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10050743 - 07 May 2021
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 4681
Abstract
Colorectal cancer still has a high incidence and mortality rate, according to a report from the American Cancer Society. Colorectal cancer has a high prevalence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Oxidative stress, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, has been [...] Read more.
Colorectal cancer still has a high incidence and mortality rate, according to a report from the American Cancer Society. Colorectal cancer has a high prevalence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Oxidative stress, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, has been known to cause inflammatory diseases and malignant disorders. In particular, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-related protein 1 (KEAP1) pathway is well known to protect cells from oxidative stress and inflammation. Nrf2 was first found in the homolog of the hematopoietic transcription factor p45 NF-E2, and the transcription factor Nrf2 is a member of the Cap ‘N’ Collar family. KEAP1 is well known as a negative regulator that rapidly degrades Nrf2 through the proteasome system. A range of evidence has shown that consumption of phytochemicals has a preventive or inhibitory effect on cancer progression or proliferation, depending on the stage of colorectal cancer. Therefore, the discovery of phytochemicals regulating the Nrf2/KEAP1 axis and verification of their efficacy have attracted scientific attention. In this review, we summarize the role of oxidative stress and the Nrf2/KEAP1 signaling pathway in colorectal cancer, and the possible utility of phytochemicals with respect to the regulation of the Nrf2/KEAP1 axis in colorectal cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants in Cancer in 2021)
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