Novel Antioxidant Mechanisms for Health and Diseases, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 387

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Guest Editor
Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
Interests: antioxidant therapy; hydrogen
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Antioxidant therapy effectively addresses oxidative stress-related diseases. These conditions arise from the depletion of endogenous antioxidants, which leads to oxidative stress. Therefore, supplementation with exogenous antioxidants, including vitamins and polyphenols, has been suggested as a solution. However, some studies report potential drawbacks, such as neutralizing beneficial reactive oxygen species (ROS) or requiring excessive doses for effectiveness, making clinical application challenging. Oxidative stress plays a role in various contexts, from pathological conditions to fatigue and the side effects of anticancer drugs. Therefore, the rapid and precise replenishment of antioxidants that specifically counteract harmful ROS is crucial. 

The first edition of our topic was a success (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/antioxidants/special_issues/20Z49430A5), with eight articles and two reviews proposing new antioxidant therapies, such as dietary regulation, and attempting to elucidate oxidative stress from a new perspective. New approaches to antioxidant therapy have provided new perspectives on controlling antioxidant activity in the body and have greatly contributed to the development of this research field. Therefore, this second edition welcomes submissions that approach antioxidant therapy using novel ideas that differ from existing antioxidant therapies, including gene therapy, and the elucidation of in vivo antioxidant mechanisms. 

Sincerely,
Dr. Yoshihisa Koyama
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • antioxidant therapy
  • reactive oxygen species
  • oxidative stress
  • nano-antioxidant therapy
  • nutrigenomics
  • microbiome

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

22 pages, 1121 KiB  
Review
Does Gut Microbial Methylglyoxal Metabolism Impact Human Physiology?
by Oluwatomisono I. Akinrimisi, Kim Maasen, Jean L. J. M. Scheijen, Ina Nemet, Max Nieuwdorp, Casper G. Schalkwijk and Nordin M. J. Hanssen
Antioxidants 2025, 14(7), 763; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14070763 - 21 Jun 2025
Viewed by 273
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a highly reactive dicarbonyl associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and chronic diseases, particularly diabetic vascular complications and atherosclerosis through the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In the setting of human/host diseases, the formation of MGO has mainly been [...] Read more.
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a highly reactive dicarbonyl associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and chronic diseases, particularly diabetic vascular complications and atherosclerosis through the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In the setting of human/host diseases, the formation of MGO has mainly been considered as the byproduct of glycolysis. Gut microbes play an important role in the development of cardiometabolic diseases. Here, we discuss a possibility that gut microbes can modulate the MGO pool within the host through (i) the alternation of the host metabolism, and (ii) direct MGO synthesis and/or detoxification by human commensal microorganisms. We also explore how dietary MGO impacts the composition of the gut microbiota and their potential role in modulating host health. This paradigm is highly innovative, with the current literature providing observations supporting this concept. Targeting the gut microbiome is emerging as an approach for treating cardiometabolic diseases through dietary, pre-, pro-, and postbiotic interventions, faecal microbiota transplantations, and the use of small molecule inhibitors of microbial enzymes. This can be a novel strategy to reduce MGO stress in the setting of cardiometabolic diseases and lowering the burden of diabetic complications and cardiovascular disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Antioxidant Mechanisms for Health and Diseases, 2nd Edition)
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