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Antioxidants
Special Issues
Oxidative Stress and Nrf2 in Neuroprotection
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Oxidative Stress and Nrf2 in Neuroprotection

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 5682

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Perla Deyanira Maldonado

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Guest Editor
Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
Interests: neuroprotection; garlic; natural compounds; Nrf2 activation; cerebral ischemia; oxidative stress
Dr. Silva-Islas Carlos Alfredo

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Guest Editor
Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
Interests: Nrf2; keap1; protein-protein inhibitors; ischemic stroke; oxidative stress; neuroprotection
Dr. José Carlos Menéndez

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Guest Editor
The Organic and Medicinal Chemistry section in the Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new neuroprotecting agents; theranostics; design, synthesis and evaluation of new drugs against parasitic diseases caused by protozoa, including chagas disease and leishmaniosis; new antitubercular agents; diversity-oriented synthesis for drug discovery; development of new synthetic methodologies for the exploration of chemical and biological space, with the aim of generating bioactive molecules; mechanochemistry
Dr. Mercedes Villacampa

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Guest Editor
The Organic and Medicinal Chemistry section in the Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new neuroprotecting agents; theranostics; design, synthesis and evaluation of new drugs against parasitic diseases caused by protozoa, including chagas disease and leishmaniosis; new antitubercular agents; diversity-oriented synthesis for drug discovery; development of new synthetic methodologies for the exploration of chemical and biological space, with the aim of generating bioactive molecules; mechanochemistry
Dr. Ángel Cores

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Organic and Medicinal Chemistry section in the Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new neuroprotecting agents; theranostics; design, synthesis and evaluation of new drugs against parasitic diseases caused by protozoa, including chagas disease and leishmaniosis; new antitubercular agents; diversity-oriented synthesis for drug discovery; development of new synthetic methodologies for the exploration of chemical and biological space, with the aim of generating bioactive molecules; mechanochemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurological disorders contribute importantly to the global burden of disease and represent the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Despite its high heterogeneity, these conditions share some mechanisms of cellular damage. Oxidative stress is an important and common mechanism involved in the pathophysiology of many neurological diseases, and its neutralization decreases brain tissue damage. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is recognized as the master regulator of the antioxidant response. Nrf2 modulates the expression of antioxidants and phase II enzymes maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Additionally, it modulates the expression of genes involved in immune response, metabolism, cellular proliferation, cellular signaling, cell survival and cellular cycle, contributing to cellular homeostasis. Electrophile compounds and protein–protein interaction inhibitors are widely used as Nrf2 activators in preclinical models of neurological diseases, resulting in neuroprotection due to the decrease in oxidative stress. In this Special Issue, entitled “Oxidative Stress and Nrf2 in Neuroprotection”, original reports and reviews are welcome with the aim to elucidate the molecular mechanisms associated with Nrf2 activation and its implication in neuroprotection, as well as the proposition of new molecules with the ability of decreasing oxidative stress through the Nrf2 pathway in neurological disorders.

Dr. Perla Deyanira Maldonado
Dr. Silva-Islas Carlos Alfredo
Dr. José Carlos Menéndez
Dr. Mercedes Villacampa
Dr. Ángel Cores
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Nrf2 factor
  • neuroprotection
  • oxidative stress
  • Nrf2 activators
  • neurological diseases

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 5181 KiB  
Article
Astrocytic Nrf2 Mediates the Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Nootkatone in an MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Mouse Model
by Jung-Eun Park, Yea-Hyun Leem, Jin-Sun Park, Seong-Eun Kim and Hee-Sun Kim
Antioxidants 2023, 12(11), 1999; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12111999 - 13 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1328
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effects of nootkatone (NKT), a sesquiterpenoid compound isolated from grapefruit, in an MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease (PD) mouse model. NKT restored MPTP-induced motor impairment and dopaminergic neuronal loss and increased the expression of neurotrophic factors like BDNF, [...] Read more.
This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effects of nootkatone (NKT), a sesquiterpenoid compound isolated from grapefruit, in an MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease (PD) mouse model. NKT restored MPTP-induced motor impairment and dopaminergic neuronal loss and increased the expression of neurotrophic factors like BDNF, GDNF, and PGC-1α. In addition, NKT inhibited microglial and astrocyte activation and the expression of pro-inflammatory markers like iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-1β and oxidative stress markers like 4-HNE and 8-OHdG. NKT increased the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-driven antioxidant enzymes like HO-1 and NQO-1 in astrocytes, but not in neurons or microglia in MPTP-treated mice. To investigate whether Nrf2 mediates the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, or neuroprotective effects of NKT, mice were pretreated with Nrf2-specific inhibitor brusatol (BT) prior to NKT treatment. BT attenuated the NKT-mediated inhibition of 4-HNE and 8-OHdG and the number of Nrf2+/HO-1+/NQO1+ cells co-localized with GFAP+ astrocytes in the substantia nigra of MPTP-treated mice. In addition, BT reversed the effects of NKT on dopaminergic neuronal cell death, neurotrophic factors, and pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines in MPTP-treated mice. Collectively, these data suggest that astrocytic Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant molecules play pivotal roles in mediating the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of NKT in an MPTP-induced PD mouse model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Nrf2 in Neuroprotection)
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Review

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37 pages, 11146 KiB  
Review
Quinones as Neuroprotective Agents
by Ángel Cores, Noelia Carmona-Zafra, José Clerigué, Mercedes Villacampa and J. Carlos Menéndez
Antioxidants 2023, 12(7), 1464; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12071464 - 20 Jul 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3732
Abstract
Quinones can in principle be viewed as a double-edged sword in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, since they are often cytoprotective but can also be cytotoxic due to covalent and redox modification of biomolecules. Nevertheless, low doses of moderately electrophilic quinones are generally [...] Read more.
Quinones can in principle be viewed as a double-edged sword in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, since they are often cytoprotective but can also be cytotoxic due to covalent and redox modification of biomolecules. Nevertheless, low doses of moderately electrophilic quinones are generally cytoprotective, mainly due to their ability to activate the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and thus induce the expression of detoxifying enzymes. Some natural quinones have relevant roles in important physiological processes. One of them is coenzyme Q10, which takes part in the oxidative phosphorylation processes involved in cell energy production, as a proton and electron carrier in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and shows neuroprotective effects relevant to Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Additional neuroprotective quinones that can be regarded as coenzyme Q10 analogues are idobenone, mitoquinone and plastoquinone. Other endogenous quinones with neuroprotective activities include tocopherol-derived quinones, most notably vatiquinone, and vitamin K. A final group of non-endogenous quinones with neuroprotective activity is discussed, comprising embelin, APX-3330, cannabinoid-derived quinones, asterriquinones and other indolylquinones, pyrroloquinolinequinone and its analogues, geldanamycin and its analogues, rifampicin quinone, memoquin and a number of hybrid structures combining quinones with amino acids, cholinesterase inhibitors and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Nrf2 in Neuroprotection)
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