Enzymatic Activity and Functional Diversity of Soil Microbial Communities in Agricultural Soils

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Agricultural Soils".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2024) | Viewed by 1448

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Laboratory of Soil Science and Biochemistry, Department of Biogeochemistry and Soil Science, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Bernardyńska 6 St., 85-029 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Interests: activity of soil enzymes; soil biochemistry; soil respiration; soil microbial biomass; soil health and fertility; indicators of soil quality; changes in soil biology caused by different natural and anthropogenic factors; spatial variability of soil properties
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Dear Colleagues,

Soil is the main constituent of terrestrial ecosystems and the principle matrix essential in agricultural production. Suitable soil functioning is indispensable for supporting the biochemical cycles of the main important nutrients, and that is why soil processes influence a range of biotic and abiotic constituents of the soil ecosystem. To recognize and understand the functioning of soil and to hold back soil damage that is caused by anthropogenic factors, including agricultural management practices, it is crucial to have adequate tools which can determine and predict possible changes in soil. Studies of soil microbial population diversity and soil enzymes are significant because they play the principal biochemical functions in organic matter formation and decomposition, as well as nutrient turnover in a soil ecosystem, the stabilization of soil structure, and decomposition of pollutants, thus playing an important role in soil fertility and productivity. Since these properties are highly sensitive towards various environmental conditions and quickly respond to different agricultural practices, they are willingly applied to determine the influence of management practices on general soil status, with special attention being paid to soil biological functioning.

In this Special Issue, authors are invited to publish their articles related to (1) the assessment of the enzymatic activity and diversity of soil microbial communities; (2) the establishment of relationships between soil microbial properties and the effects of agricultural practices and soil quality; and (3) identifying which microbial groups play crucial roles in soil processes. Studies assessing the diversity of soil microbiota and proving its importance in maintaining agroecosystem stability are especially welcome. This Special Issue also focuses on the investigation of the global, widely used soil fertility/quality indicators by using a complex expression consisting of various microbial, enzymatic, and physicochemical properties. Strategies based on such indicators are often used to determine the status of the soil ecosystem. Finally, this Special Issue welcomes newly developed methodical approaches focusing on microbial activity and diversity in different types of agricultural soils.

Prof. Dr. Anna Piotrowska-Długosz
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • soil enzymes
  • microbial functional diversity
  • agricultural soils
  • soil health
  • soil fertility
  • indicators of soil quality
  • management practices

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 3788 KiB  
Article
Effect of P Reduction on phoD-Harboring Bacteria Community in Solar Greenhouse Soil
by Ting Bian, Zhen Wang, Shuang Wang, Xuan Shan, Tianqi Wang, Hongdan Fu and Zhouping Sun
Agriculture 2024, 14(11), 1919; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14111919 - 29 Oct 2024
Viewed by 970
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) enrichment frequently occurs in the soil used in greenhouse vegetable production (GVP). Minimizing the application of P fertilizer represents a crucial approach to mitigating the accumulation of P in the soil and enhancing its utilization efficiency. However, the changes in bacterial [...] Read more.
Phosphorus (P) enrichment frequently occurs in the soil used in greenhouse vegetable production (GVP). Minimizing the application of P fertilizer represents a crucial approach to mitigating the accumulation of P in the soil and enhancing its utilization efficiency. However, the changes in bacterial communities and the turnover mechanism of soil P fractions related to soil P cycling after P fertilizer reduction are still unclear. To unravel these complexities, we devised three experimental treatments: conventional nitrogen (N), P, and potassium (K) fertilizer (N1P1K1); conventional N and K fertilizer without P (N1P0K1); and no fertilizer (N0P0K0). These experiments were conducted to elucidate the effects of P reduction on cucumber plant growth, soil P fractions, and the phoD-harboring bacterial community in the P-rich greenhouse soil. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the N1P1K1 and N1P0K1 treatments in terms of plant growth, yield, and P uptake, and the values for the N0P0K0 treatment were significantly lower than those for the N1P1K1 treatment. In a state of P depletion (N0P0K0, N1P0K1), the main P sources were Resin-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po, and NaOH-Pi. The contents of NaOH-Po and CHCl-Po in the N1P0K1 treatment increased significantly. Without P fertilizer, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, phoD gene abundance, and bacterial community diversity were significantly increased. The abundance of Ensifer in the N0P0K0 and N1P0K1 treatments was 8 and 10.58 times that in the N1P1K1 treatment, respectively. Additionally, total phosphorus (TP) and available nitrogen (AN) were key factors affecting changes in the phoD bacterial community, while Shinella, Ensifer and Bradyrhizobium were the main factors driving the change in soil P fractions, and NaHCO3-Pi and NaOH-Pi were key factors affecting crop yield. Therefore, reducing the application of P fertilizer will increases the diversity of phoD-gene-harboring bacterial communities and promote organic P mineralization, thus maintaining the optimal crop yield. Full article
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