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Article

Structural and Physical Asymmetry Effects in Hyperbolic Metamaterial Waveguides

by
Juarez Caetano da Silva
1,2,
Vitaly Felix Rodriguez Esquerre
2,* and
Zhaowei Liu
3
1
Department of Electrotechnics, Federal Institute of Bahia, Salvador 40110-150, Brazil
2
Graduate School of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40210-630, Brazil
3
Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Nano 2026, 7(3), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/applnano7030020
Submission received: 20 March 2026 / Revised: 10 June 2026 / Accepted: 18 June 2026 / Published: 14 July 2026
(This article belongs to the Collection Feature Papers for Applied Nano)

Abstract

The present work analyzes light propagation in asymmetric waveguides with dielectric cores and anisotropic multilayer claddings based on nanometric planar hyperbolic metamaterials. A generalized definition of asymmetry, incorporating both structural and physical parameters, is introduced by varying metal composition and filling ratios in the claddings. The influence of wavelength, material permittivity, metal filling fraction, and core thickness on surface wave modes is examined using effective medium theory and considering experimentally derived material data. Propagation distances on the order of 400 µm have been achieved for optimized waveguide configurations operating within the C-band used in optical telecommunications.
Keywords: metamaterial waveguides; plasmonics; optics of metals metamaterial waveguides; plasmonics; optics of metals

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Caetano da Silva, J.; Rodriguez Esquerre, V.F.; Liu, Z. Structural and Physical Asymmetry Effects in Hyperbolic Metamaterial Waveguides. Appl. Nano 2026, 7, 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/applnano7030020

AMA Style

Caetano da Silva J, Rodriguez Esquerre VF, Liu Z. Structural and Physical Asymmetry Effects in Hyperbolic Metamaterial Waveguides. Applied Nano. 2026; 7(3):20. https://doi.org/10.3390/applnano7030020

Chicago/Turabian Style

Caetano da Silva, Juarez, Vitaly Felix Rodriguez Esquerre, and Zhaowei Liu. 2026. "Structural and Physical Asymmetry Effects in Hyperbolic Metamaterial Waveguides" Applied Nano 7, no. 3: 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/applnano7030020

APA Style

Caetano da Silva, J., Rodriguez Esquerre, V. F., & Liu, Z. (2026). Structural and Physical Asymmetry Effects in Hyperbolic Metamaterial Waveguides. Applied Nano, 7(3), 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/applnano7030020

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