Proceedings

Poster

146 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

Phytochemical and Pharmacological Study of Plectranthus ecklonii Benth

by Eva María Domínguez-Martín, Ana Margarida Antão, Epole Ntungwe, Vera M. S. Isca, Ana María Díaz-Lanza and Patrícia Rijo

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08567 - 30 Nov 2020

Viewed by 1722

Abstract

The use of herbal products for the treatment, prevention and cure of diseases is one of the oldest human medicinal practices. In fact, the majority of the population in developing countries depend on ancestral plant knowledge for healthcare. However, there is still a [...] Read more.

The use of herbal products for the treatment, prevention and cure of diseases is one of the oldest human medicinal practices. In fact, the majority of the population in developing countries depend on ancestral plant knowledge for healthcare. However, there is still a gap between progress observed in clinical pharmacy and in the field of herbal and traditional medicine, as there remain many natural products with biological activity to be identified. Plectranthus species (Lamiaceae family) have a widespread ethnobotanical use and are often cited by its medicinal properties and application, particularly in folk medicine. They contain many antioxidant compounds and exhibit several effects (anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antifungal) which suggest that Plectranthus may be a promising genus for the discovery of medicinal compounds. Thus, the isolation of secondary metabolite compounds from the Plectranthus spp. is important to scientifically validate the popular uses of these plants and to find new sources of potentially economically important products or compounds, which can be transformed into active pharmaceutical ingredients. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity evaluation of the plant extracts and their active ingredients are required for their effective and safe therapeutic use. This work enumerates the compounds isolated to date from Plectranthus ecklonii Benth., extracts and their biological activities. The HPLC analysis presented is part of an ongoing project at CBIOS of identification, quantification and evaluation of the bioactive components (in particular, diterpenes and hydrocinnamic acids) in different species of Plectranthus. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

166 KiB

Open AccessExtended Abstract

Design and Synthesis of a cADPR Mimic as a Novel Tool for Monitoring the Intracellular Ca²⁺ Concentration

by Stefano D’Errico, Nicola Borbone, Andrea Patrizia Falanga, Maria Marzano, Monica Terracciano, Francesca Greco, Gennaro Piccialli and Giorgia Oliviero

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08578 - 30 Nov 2020

Viewed by 1166

Abstract

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR, 1, Figure 1) is a naturally occurring metabolite of NAD+
capable of mobilizing Ca²⁺ ions from intracellular stores. [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

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139 KiB

Open AccessAbstract

An Experimental Study Exploring Box–Behnken Design for Optimal Extraction of Phenolics from Olea europaea Leaves

by Shadma Wahab, Manal Asiri, Manal Magram, Lama Shara and Lujain Saeed

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08587 - 30 Nov 2020

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1017

Abstract

Olea europea is among the most important potential plants of the Arabian Peninsula. It is commonly known as Zaytoun in Arabic. Olive leaves possess a wide array of pharmacological and medicinal attributes. Currently, process optimization for extraction parameters in herbal infusions to maximize [...] Read more.

Olea europea is among the most important potential plants of the Arabian Peninsula. It is commonly known as Zaytoun in Arabic. Olive leaves possess a wide array of pharmacological and medicinal attributes. Currently, process optimization for extraction parameters in herbal infusions to maximize antioxidant phenolic compounds has attracted consideration. This study examines the optimum microwave-assisted extraction conditions by using response surface methodology (RSM) with Box–Behnken design (BBD) for the better extraction output of total phenolic content from olive leaves taking water as a green solvent. The effect of three independent variables—time (5–15 min) X1, microwave power (40, 60, 80) X2 and solid-solvent ratio (0.5 to 1.5 g/40 mL) X3—on the determination of biomass yield and total phenolic were studied. The influence of process parameters, i.e., X1, X2 and X3, were investigated using Design-Expert software to establish mathematical models and to obtain the optimal conditions of TPC extraction. Results showed that the obtained % yield ranges from 16 to 48%, while the range of TPC was found to be from 28.76 to 221.43 mg GAE/g DW. The significance of regression coefficients was statistically examined by analysis of variance (ANOVA). It was found that the lack of fit value of the quadratic model was insignificant, but the model was significantly fitted. So, the second-order polynomial model could be used to optimize the extraction of phenolic compounds from olive leaves. This study provides ideas with the scientific basis of utilization of olive leaves as a rich source of phenolic compounds to be extracted using Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

Research

Jump to: Poster

217 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Lentinan for Integrative Cancer Treatment: An Umbrella Review

by Michele Antonelli, Davide Donelli and Fabio Firenzuoli

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08733 - 1 Dec 2020

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2884

Abstract

The aim of this review is to understand whether lentinan can be a useful integrative remedy for cancer patients. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were screened for relevant meta-analyses from inception to 29th September 2020. After database search, [...] Read more.

The aim of this review is to understand whether lentinan can be a useful integrative remedy for cancer patients. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were screened for relevant meta-analyses from inception to 29th September 2020. After database search, 8 meta-analyses met inclusion criteria. Retrieved evidence reported that lentinan may be useful to improve response rate, 1-year survival, performance status, quality of life and radio/chemotherapy toxicity when administered in adjunct to standard therapy, especially for some lung and gastrointestinal cancers. Further studies are advised due to limitations of existing evidence. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

525 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Comparison of Untapped Agroindustrial Olive Resources with Olive Leaves

by María del Mar Contreras, Irene Gómez-Cruz, Inmaculada Romero and Eulogio Castro

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08585 - 30 Nov 2020

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1394

Abstract

Olive leaves are a source of valuable compounds with applications in the phytopharmacy sector, among others. Nevertheless, there are untapped olive resources that can give new clues for the discovery of natural bioactive compounds. Therefore, in this study the antioxidant composition of exhausted [...] Read more.

Olive leaves are a source of valuable compounds with applications in the phytopharmacy sector, among others. Nevertheless, there are untapped olive resources that can give new clues for the discovery of natural bioactive compounds. Therefore, in this study the antioxidant composition of exhausted olive pomace (EOP) and a new byproduct, the residual fraction from olive pit cleaning (RFOPC), was characterized and compared to olive leaves, which have been extensively studied as a source of bioactive compounds. The chemical characterization showed that all of these byproducts contain high amounts of extractives; in all cases it was higher than 26%. This is interesting since the extractive fraction contains non-structural compounds, including phenolic compounds and triterpenic acids. Then, ultrasound-assisted extraction was applied to recover phenolic compounds from this fraction using an aqueous–ethanolic solution. All the extracts showed antioxidant properties and the total phenolic content ranged from 69 (RFOPC) to 140 (EOP) g of gallic acid equivalents/kg dry weight. The profile obtained by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was different, suggesting some chemical differences in the phenolic composition. Moreover, some triterpenic acids were characterized, which suggest that multifunctional ingredients can be obtained. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

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239 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Therapeutic Bio-Compounds from Avocado Residual Biomass

by Minerva C. García-Vargas, María del Mar Contreras and Eulogio Castro

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08656 - 1 Dec 2020

Viewed by 1325

Abstract

Since ancient times, plants have been used as preservatives, spices, flavorings and as natural remedies to prevent or treat diseases owing to the biological activity correlated with the bioactive compounds they contain. The avocado fruit (Persea americana), native to Mexico and [...] Read more.

Since ancient times, plants have been used as preservatives, spices, flavorings and as natural remedies to prevent or treat diseases owing to the biological activity correlated with the bioactive compounds they contain. The avocado fruit (Persea americana), native to Mexico and Guatemala, has been traditionally used for its pleasant organoleptic characteristics, high nutritional value and health benefits, but its residual biomass (seeds, skin and tree leaves) is also valuable in therapeutic terms. For this reason, the present investigation reviews the pharmacological potential of avocado waste. It can serve as a source of antioxidants, as well as hypotensive, anti-analgesic, photoprotective, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory agents, and can be used to treat skin disorders. The main active components seem to be phenolic compounds. The content of phenolic compounds in waste extracts varied from 6 to 307 g/kg dry weight, depending on the waste type and extraction conditions, among others. In particular, our results suggested that using water as a solvent, a high amount of phenolic compounds can be obtained from the peel (266 g/kg dry weight), and this was correlated with major antioxidant activity. Therefore, the peels can be applied to obtain antioxidants, and water can be used as an environmentally friendly extraction solvent to obtain various valuable compounds of its chemical composition for food and pharmacological applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

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2009 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Activity of Polyphenol-Rich Crude Methanol Extract of Gracillaria edulis against Human Rhabdomyosarcoma (Rd) and Breast Adenocarcinoma (Mcf-7) Cell Lines

by Thilina Lakmini Gunathilaka, Kalpa Samarakoon, Pathmasiri Ranasinghe and Dinithi Champika Peiris

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08655 - 1 Dec 2020

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1243

Abstract

Seaweeds are an important source of bioactive metabolites in the development of drugs and nutraceuticals. This study aimed to analyze the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of the methanol extract (ME) of G. edulis using human Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells. De-polysaccharide [...] Read more.

Seaweeds are an important source of bioactive metabolites in the development of drugs and nutraceuticals. This study aimed to analyze the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of the methanol extract (ME) of G. edulis using human Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells. De-polysaccharide ME of G. edulis was extractedto determine antiproliferative and apoptotic activity. The cytotoxic activity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-cyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and neutral red uptake assay, while apoptotic activity was characterized by cellular morphology, DNA fragmentation, and caspase 3/7 assay. The cytotoxicity assay results showed that the decrease in the percentage of cell viability did so in a dose-dependent manner, as signified by cell death. The apoptosis was induced by activating the caspase 3/7 pathway, and the RD cell line showed prominent activation of caspase 3 compared to the MCF-7 cells with low activation. Further, the typical DNA ladder pattern was observed in RD cells, whereas MCF-7 cells did not show a characteristic ladder pattern. Thus, it can be concluded that the ME of G. edulis possesses anticancer activity via activating the caspase pathway. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

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337 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

In-Vitro Antidiabetic Propensities, Phytochemical Analysis, and Mechanism of Action of Commercial Antidiabetic Polyherbal Formulation “Mehon”

by Saptadipa Paul and Mala Majumdar

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08805 - 1 Dec 2020

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3250

Abstract

Present investigation assessed the hypoglycemic potential of hydro-alcoholic (HAE) and aqueous (AQE) extracts of Mehon, a commercial antidiabetic polyherbal formulation using various in vitro techniques. HAE and AQE were analyzed for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, glucose adsorption, diffusion, and transport across yeast cells [...] Read more.

Present investigation assessed the hypoglycemic potential of hydro-alcoholic (HAE) and aqueous (AQE) extracts of Mehon, a commercial antidiabetic polyherbal formulation using various in vitro techniques. HAE and AQE were analyzed for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, glucose adsorption, diffusion, and transport across yeast cells membrane. HAE showed higher α-glucosidase (IC₅₀:156.95 μg/mL) inhibition. Glucose adsorption increased with increment in glucose concentration (5–100 mM/L). The rate of glucose uptake into yeast cells was linear. Both extracts exhibited time-dependent glucose diffusion. Calculated GDRI was 27.44% (HAE) and 17.43% (AQE) at 30 min, which reduced over time, thereby confirming the antihyperglycemic propensities of Mehon. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

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397 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Chromatographic Analysis of Iodoacetate Encapsulated in Liposomes and Biochemical Assessment of Its Toxic Effect during Course Application, Cancer Research Institute Tomsk NRMC, 2020

by Dmitry Korshunov and Irina Kondakova

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08584 - 30 Nov 2020

Viewed by 1191

Abstract

Glycolysis inhibitors are currently considered as potential anticancer agents due to the fact that significant changes occur in tumor cells, known as metabolic reprogramming. However, carbohydrate metabolism inhibitors have pronounced systemic toxicity. Using liposomal forms of drugs as targeted delivery is a way [...] Read more.

Glycolysis inhibitors are currently considered as potential anticancer agents due to the fact that significant changes occur in tumor cells, known as metabolic reprogramming. However, carbohydrate metabolism inhibitors have pronounced systemic toxicity. Using liposomal forms of drugs as targeted delivery is a way to decrease systemic toxicity. Using high-performance liquid chromatography, the optimal conditions for obtaining iodoacetate encapsulated in liposomes and its final concentration in them were established. Based on the indicators of biochemical markers of the toxic effect of iodoacetate encapsulated in liposomes, it was found that when administered in a course for two weeks, iodoacetate in this form has neither cardiotoxic nor any other negative effects on target organs, that is, it is safe. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

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424 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Ultra-Short Cyclo-Peptides as Bio-Inspired Therapeutics: Proline-Based 2,5-Diketopiperazines (DKP)

by Joanna Bojarska and Wojciech M. Wolf

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08804 - 1 Dec 2020

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2240

Abstract

2,5-diketopiperazines (DKP) are the simplest cyclo-peptides in nature, which could play a key role in the origin of life. They are ubiquitous in microorganisms, higher species, and in food and beverages. These dipeptides have been known since the beginning of the 20th century, [...] Read more.

2,5-diketopiperazines (DKP) are the simplest cyclo-peptides in nature, which could play a key role in the origin of life. They are ubiquitous in microorganisms, higher species, and in food and beverages. These dipeptides have been known since the beginning of the 20th century, but they have only recently been gaining interest due to diverse, noteworthy bioactivities, such as, but not limited to, anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. DKPs have relevance in quorum sensing, cell–cell signaling, or as drug delivery systems. They have less toxicity, increased cell permeability, and binding affinity. Proline-containing DKPs have an extra-rigid conformation and are more resistant to degradation by enzymes. They represent an attractive subclass of cyclo-peptides with a high potential in future therapies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

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608 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Exhausted Olive Pomace

by Irene Gómez-Cruz, Cristóbal Cara, María del Mar Contreras and Inmaculada Romero

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08582 - 30 Nov 2020

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1360

Abstract

Exhausted olive pomace (EOP) is a residue derived from the olive pomace oil industry. One of the main components of this agro-industrial residue is the extractive fraction which contains non-structural components such as bioactive compounds. In this work, different extraction methods, including green [...] Read more.

Exhausted olive pomace (EOP) is a residue derived from the olive pomace oil industry. One of the main components of this agro-industrial residue is the extractive fraction which contains non-structural components such as bioactive compounds. In this work, different extraction methods, including green technologies, have been compared to evaluate the extraction of antioxidants from EOP: hydrothermal extraction, aqueous accelerated extraction, organosolv extraction, and extraction with aqueous salt solutions. The extracts obtained were characterized regarding the content of total phenols by the Folin–Ciocalteu method. After characterization, hydroxytyrosol was found to be one of the potential active compounds in EOP. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

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1303 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

In Silico Study of 5,7-Dimethoxycoumarin and p-Coumaric Acid in Carica papaya Leaves as Dengue Virus Type 2 Protease Inhibitors

by Samith Rathnayake, Ayesh Madushanka, N.D. Asha Dilrukshi Wijegunawardana, Harthika Mylvaganam, Ajith Rathnayake, Eranga Geethanjana Perera, Ishara Jayamanna, Priyantha Chandrasena, Ahinsa Ranaweera, Prasad Jayasooriya and Chathuranga Bamunuarachchige

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08820 - 2 Dec 2020

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1933

Abstract

Dengue virus is a serious public health issue in tropical and subtropical regions. The global incidence of dengue necessitates the potent antiviral medication for the prevention of proliferation of the virus inside the human body. The DEN2 NS2B/NS3 protease, present in the dengue [...] Read more.

Dengue virus is a serious public health issue in tropical and subtropical regions. The global incidence of dengue necessitates the potent antiviral medication for the prevention of proliferation of the virus inside the human body. The DEN2 NS2B/NS3 protease, present in the dengue virus, is an attractive drug target due to its essential role in viral replication, survival, and other cellular activities. In traditional medicine, Carica papaya leaves have been used for the treatment of dengue fever in Sri Lanka, Pakistan, and Malaysia. Therefore, phytochemicals present in Carica papaya leaves have a potential anti-viral activity, and could be used as strong drug candidates against the dengue virus. In this investigation, two phytochemical compounds in Carica papaya leaves, 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin and p-coumaric acid, were selected from the literature and then docked against the DEN2 NS2B/NS3 protease. The compounds showed strong interactions with favorable binding energies in the active site of DEN2 NS2B/NS3 protease. To validate the molecular docking results, the docked ligand–protein complexes were subjected to molecular dynamic simulation along with the apo form of the protein for 30 ns. The molecular dynamic simulation analysis comprising root mean square deviation and fluctuation, the radius of gyration, hydrogen bonding, the Dictionary of Secondary Structure of Proteins (DSSP), and MM/PBSA, revealed the stability of the apo and complex systems. Interactions formed by these compounds with residues Leu149 and Asn152 were found to be essential for the stability of the ligand–protein complex. The findings revealed that these phytochemical compounds depict the promising results against the DEN2 serotype of the dengue virus and the potential for therapeutic drugs. Further experimentation on the proposed compounds is necessary to validate the results and could lead to the development of strong inhibitors with improved activity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

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847 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

The Utilization of Urolithin A—A Natural Polyphenol Metabolite of Ellagitannins as a Modulator of the Gut Microbiota for Its Potential Use in Obesity Therapy

by Abdulrasheed O. Abdulrahman, Mohammed Yahya Alzubaidi, Muhammad Shahid Nadeem, Jalaluddin Awlia Khan, Irfan A. Rather and Mohammad Imran Khan

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08806 - 1 Dec 2020

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1515

Abstract

Obesity, a global health concern, is associated with the dysbiosis of intestinal microbial composition. This study aims to investigate the potential of urolithin A (Uro-A) in reducing body weight gain through modulation of the gut microbiota. Rats were fed a high-fat diet and [...] Read more.

Obesity, a global health concern, is associated with the dysbiosis of intestinal microbial composition. This study aims to investigate the potential of urolithin A (Uro-A) in reducing body weight gain through modulation of the gut microbiota. Rats were fed a high-fat diet and administered with Uro-A. Changes in the composition of the gut microbial community were analyzed using 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Our results showed that Uro-A significantly decreased body weight gain and modulated the compositions of gut microbes that are related to body weight, inflammation, impaired glucose, and dysfunctional lipid metabolism, which are all associated with obesity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

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5250 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Inhibition of TNF-Alpha Using Plant-Derived Small Molecules for Treatment of Inflammation-Mediated Diseases

by Md. Rimon Parves, Shafi Mahmud, Yasir Mohamed Riza, Khaled Mahmud Sujon, Mohammad Abu Raihan Uddin, Md. Iftekhar Alam Chowdhury, Md. Jahirul Islam, Fahmida Alam Tithi, Mosharaf Alam, Nabila Rahman Jui, Saiful Islam and Nurul Absar

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08586 - 30 Nov 2020

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2370

Abstract

Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) has become a feasible target for alleviating inflammation-mediated diseases. Currently, techniques developed, such as anti-TNF antibody therapies, prove not to be nearly as beneficial enough to effectively treat inflammation-mediated syndromes because of the increased risk for severe [...] Read more.

Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) has become a feasible target for alleviating inflammation-mediated diseases. Currently, techniques developed, such as anti-TNF antibody therapies, prove not to be nearly as beneficial enough to effectively treat inflammation-mediated syndromes because of the increased risk for severe infections and malignancies. Our study has undertaken the attempt of identifying small molecules to inhibit TNF-α. This study manually selected 37 plant-derived compounds based on IC50 value from various literature, which showed inhibitory activity against TNF-α. By employing an in silico pipeline, we have aimed to explore the binding modes, to discover the most possible mechanism of inhibition, as well as, for a deeper understanding of structural changes, which is necessary for rationalization of the targeted inhibition by our proposed bioactive compounds. Therefore, this study has identified two potential compounds through advanced induced fit docking and simulation study. The stability of protein-ligand complex and structural changes was studied by performing 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation with its binding energy estimated through MM-PBSA analysis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

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673 KiB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Assessment of NF-κB-SN50’s Effect on Adipose Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Angiotensinogen Secretion and Expression

by Lotfi S. Bin Dahman, Nasser M. Al-Daghri, Assim A. Alfadda, Reem M. Sallam and Philip G. McTernan

Proceedings 2021, 79(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/IECBM2020-08579 - 30 Nov 2020

Viewed by 1611

Abstract

Central adiposity is one of the significant determinants of obesity-related hypertension risk, which may arise because of the pathogenic inflammatory nature of the abdominal fat depot. Pro-inflammatory cytokine and adipokine upregulation through nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation in adipose tissue has been considered [...] Read more.

Central adiposity is one of the significant determinants of obesity-related hypertension risk, which may arise because of the pathogenic inflammatory nature of the abdominal fat depot. Pro-inflammatory cytokine and adipokine upregulation through nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation in adipose tissue has been considered to have an important function in the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertension. This study aimed to ascertain the effect of an NF-κB inhibitor (SN50) on TNF-α and angiotensinogen (AGT) secretion and expression in mediating the anti-inflammatory effect through its effects on NF-κB activity in human adipose tissue. Primary human adipocytes were isolated from 20 subjects among 10 overweight subjects and 10 obese subjects with and without hypertension and treated with 10 ng/mL of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the presence and absence of NF-κB inhibitor SN50 (50 μg/mL). TNF-α secretion and NF-κB p65 activity were detected in supernatants extracted from cultured cells treated and untreated with LPS (10 ng/mL) and SN50 (50 μg/mL) using commercially available assays. The NF-κB p65 protein and AGT were detected by the western blot technique. Gene expression of TNF-α and AGT were detected in cells and performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Treatment of abdominal subcutaneous (AbdSc) adipocytes with LPS (10 ng/mL) caused a significant increase in NF-κB p65 in overweight subjects and obese subjects with and without hypertension (p = 0.001) at 24 h of incubation, whereas, SN50-NF-κB inhibitor caused a reduction in NF-κB p65 in overweight subjects (p < 0.001) and obese subjects with and without hypertension (p = 0.001) at 24 h of incubation. Treatment of AbdSc adipocytes with 10 ng/mL LPS caused a significant increase in TNF-α secretion in overweight subjects and obese subjects at all time points (p < 0.001), whereas SN50 led to a decrease in TNF-α secretion at 3 and 12 h of incubation. Treatment of AbdSc adipocytes with LPS (10 ng/mL) caused a twofold increase in TNF-α and AGT gene expression compared with untreated cells, whereas, in the presence of SN50, it reduced mRNA AGT levels in both groups. Taken together, these adipokines with NF-κB activation may represent important biomarkers to evaluate hypertension risk and may provide insight into the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertension. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biomolecules: Natural and Bio-Inspired Therapeutics for Human Diseases)

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