Variability in Morphological, Biochemical, and Proximate Yield Composition among Predominant Amaranthus hybridus Cultivars in South-West Nigeria

Adedibu, Peter Adeolu; Animasaun, David Adedayo; Tekutyeva, Liudmila; Son, Oksana; Abubakar, Mujahid Ado; Adamu, Ubaida Muhammad; Balabanova, Larissa; Yugay, Yulia; Shkryl, Yury

doi:10.3390/horticulturae10050461

Open AccessArticle

Variability in Morphological, Biochemical, and Proximate Yield Composition among Predominant Amaranthus hybridus Cultivars in South-West Nigeria

by

Peter Adeolu Adedibu

^1,2,*

,

David Adedayo Animasaun

¹

,

Liudmila Tekutyeva

^2,3,

Oksana Son

^2,3,

Mujahid Ado Abubakar

²

,

Ubaida Muhammad Adamu

²,

Larissa Balabanova

^2,4

,

Yulia Yugay

⁵ and

Yury Shkryl

⁵

¹

Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin 240003, Nigeria

²

Institute of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Food Systems, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia

³

ARNIKA, Territory of PDA Nadezhdinskaya, Centralnaya St. 42, Volno-Nadezhdinskoye, Primorsky Krai, 692481 Vladivostok, Russia

⁴

Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100-letya Vladivostoka 152, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia

⁵

Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str., 690022 Vladivostok, Russia

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Horticulturae 2024, 10(5), 461; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10050461

Submission received: 18 March 2024 / Revised: 13 April 2024 / Accepted: 27 April 2024 / Published: 1 May 2024

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Sustainable Cultivation and Management on Vegetable Crops)

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Abstract

To mitigate food insecurity and the low economic status of amaranth farmers in south-west Nigeria, it is imperative to evaluate the predominant commercial A. hybridus cultivars using key yield and nutrient components to identify promising lines with optimum yield and nutritional quality. The current study evaluated five cultivars of Amaranthus hybridus in south-west Nigeria farms using key morphological, biochemical, and seed-proximate component parameters. The results revealed significant differences in the cultivars’ growth and yield indices. The number of leaves ranged from 16.40 to 29.48 (

\bar{x}

= 22.10) with plant height (

\bar{x}

= 50.28 cm), while other leaf metrics varied at maturity. Days to 50% flowering ranged from 49 to 90 days. Seed proximate composition also varied significantly. Carbohydrate content ranged from 65.01–76.28%, protein content 6.57–12.42%, ash content 2.73–3.59%, total polyphenols 23.36–29.64 mg/100 g GAE, and total antioxidants 31.6–181.59 mg/100 g AAE. The Pearson correlation matrix and path analysis showed significant relationships among the yield components. The phenotypic variance of the yield components mainly stemmed from environmental factors, indicating their crucial role in the traits’ expression. Careful evaluation of the cultivars revealed that AM-1 and AM-3 had the best growth and yield attributes. Additionally, the two cultivars showed a significant degree of relatedness, suggesting a common ancestor. They have the potential to increase productivity, farmers’ profitability, and consumers’ nutrient gain compared to other cultivars. They are recommended for cultivation and can be further crossed in breeding programs to develop superior lines.

Keywords: amaranth; yield components; morphological characters; seed proximate composition; biochemical analysis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Adedibu, P.A.; Animasaun, D.A.; Tekutyeva, L.; Son, O.; Abubakar, M.A.; Adamu, U.M.; Balabanova, L.; Yugay, Y.; Shkryl, Y. Variability in Morphological, Biochemical, and Proximate Yield Composition among Predominant Amaranthus hybridus Cultivars in South-West Nigeria. Horticulturae 2024, 10, 461. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10050461

AMA Style

Adedibu PA, Animasaun DA, Tekutyeva L, Son O, Abubakar MA, Adamu UM, Balabanova L, Yugay Y, Shkryl Y. Variability in Morphological, Biochemical, and Proximate Yield Composition among Predominant Amaranthus hybridus Cultivars in South-West Nigeria. Horticulturae. 2024; 10(5):461. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10050461

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adedibu, Peter Adeolu, David Adedayo Animasaun, Liudmila Tekutyeva, Oksana Son, Mujahid Ado Abubakar, Ubaida Muhammad Adamu, Larissa Balabanova, Yulia Yugay, and Yury Shkryl. 2024. "Variability in Morphological, Biochemical, and Proximate Yield Composition among Predominant Amaranthus hybridus Cultivars in South-West Nigeria" Horticulturae 10, no. 5: 461. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10050461

APA Style

Adedibu, P. A., Animasaun, D. A., Tekutyeva, L., Son, O., Abubakar, M. A., Adamu, U. M., Balabanova, L., Yugay, Y., & Shkryl, Y. (2024). Variability in Morphological, Biochemical, and Proximate Yield Composition among Predominant Amaranthus hybridus Cultivars in South-West Nigeria. Horticulturae, 10(5), 461. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10050461

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Variability in Morphological, Biochemical, and Proximate Yield Composition among Predominant Amaranthus hybridus Cultivars in South-West Nigeria

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