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Volume 12
Issue 5
10.3390/fermentation12050212
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Article

Microaeration for Enhancement of Methane Productivity from Cassava Wastewater and Digestibility of Added Cassava Residue

by
Kessara Seneesrisakul
1,2,
Oijai Khongsumran
3,
Krittiya Pornmai
3,
Ee Ling Yong
4,
Malinee Leethochawalit
5 and
Sumaeth Chavadej
3,*
1
School of Engineering and Technology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
2
Center of Excellence on Wood and Biomaterials, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
3
The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
4
Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Malaysia
5
Innovative Learning Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Fermentation 2026, 12(5), 212; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation12050212
Submission received: 9 March 2026 / Revised: 17 April 2026 / Accepted: 23 April 2026 / Published: 25 April 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Process Intensification in Microbial Biotechnology for Fermentation)
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Abstract

Microaeration has been applied to enhance anaerobic digestion (AD), although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This work proposes that improving methanogenic activity can be achieved by alleviating micronutrient deficiencies and enhancing digestibility. The microaeration technique was employed to enhance the methanogenic activity of cassava wastewater (CW) both with and without added cassava residue (CR) and to improve CR digestibility in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) at 37 °C. The sole CW had the optimal COD loading rate of 1.71 kg/m3d. The addition of CR at 1000 mg/L to the CW resulted in the greatest methanogenic improvement of 88% compared with the sole CW and provided the greatest digestibility of CR. Under the optimal specific O2 dosage rate (3 mL/LRd), the improvements in CH4 yields were 251% and 140% in comparison to those of the sole CW and the CW with added CR, respectively. Additionally, it achieved substantial improvements in digestibility for the cellulose (59%), hemicellulose (61%), and remaining starch (67%) fractions of added CR. However, lignin degradation remained unaffected, a potential area for future optimization. This work opens new avenues for enhancing biogas production from wastewater by adding agricultural residue in conjunction with microaeration.
Keywords: cassava and residue wastewater treatment; biogas productivity; microaeration technique; digestibility enhancement; micronutrients availability cassava and residue wastewater treatment; biogas productivity; microaeration technique; digestibility enhancement; micronutrients availability

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MDPI and ACS Style

Seneesrisakul, K.; Khongsumran, O.; Pornmai, K.; Yong, E.L.; Leethochawalit, M.; Chavadej, S. Microaeration for Enhancement of Methane Productivity from Cassava Wastewater and Digestibility of Added Cassava Residue. Fermentation 2026, 12, 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation12050212

AMA Style

Seneesrisakul K, Khongsumran O, Pornmai K, Yong EL, Leethochawalit M, Chavadej S. Microaeration for Enhancement of Methane Productivity from Cassava Wastewater and Digestibility of Added Cassava Residue. Fermentation. 2026; 12(5):212. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation12050212

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seneesrisakul, Kessara, Oijai Khongsumran, Krittiya Pornmai, Ee Ling Yong, Malinee Leethochawalit, and Sumaeth Chavadej. 2026. "Microaeration for Enhancement of Methane Productivity from Cassava Wastewater and Digestibility of Added Cassava Residue" Fermentation 12, no. 5: 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation12050212

APA Style

Seneesrisakul, K., Khongsumran, O., Pornmai, K., Yong, E. L., Leethochawalit, M., & Chavadej, S. (2026). Microaeration for Enhancement of Methane Productivity from Cassava Wastewater and Digestibility of Added Cassava Residue. Fermentation, 12(5), 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation12050212

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