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Separations, Volume 12, Issue 7

July 2025 - 20 articles

Cover Story: Gallic acid defines much of a wine’s character—from flavor and color to health benefits. Accurately quantifying it, however, remains an important analytical challenge. We introduce a new GC-MS method that streamlines this process. At its core is a one-pot ethyl chloroformate (ECF) derivatization, optimized using a Box–Behnken Design. This statistical approach revealed the complex interplay among ECF, ethanol, and pyridine, enabling the identification of their optimal concentrations to enhance reaction efficiency. The method demonstrated excellent linearity, precision, and sensitivity. It was successfully applied to a wide range of commercial wines, capturing the natural variability of gallic acid levels across different styles. This derivatization strategy offers a practical and reliable tool for routine enological analysis. View this paper
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Articles (20)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,153 Views
21 Pages

Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Extraction of Malva sylvestris L.: Phytochemical Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential

  • Neli Memdueva,
  • Milena Tzanova,
  • Zvezdelina Yaneva,
  • Nikolina Rusenova,
  • Neli Grozeva and
  • Toncho Dinev

Malva sylvestris L. is a herbaceous plant, distributed worldwide, rich in biological active compounds, and known for its health benefits. In this study, extracts from different parts (leaves, flowers, and roots) of this plant were prepared using gree...

  • Article
  • Open Access
494 Views
11 Pages

Application of the Precolumn Derivatization Reagent CIM-C2-NH2 for Labeling Carboxyl Groups in LC-MS/MS Analysis of Primary Organic Acids in Japanese Sake

  • Mayu Onozato,
  • Haruna Uchida,
  • Misaki Ono,
  • Mikoto Koishi,
  • Maya Oi,
  • Maho Umino,
  • Tatsuya Sakamoto and
  • Takeshi Fukushima

Japanese sake, a traditional alcoholic beverage, contains several organic acids that may contribute to its sour taste. To identify these, a precolumn derivatization reagent, benzyl 5-(2-aminoethyl)-3-methyl-4-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxylate (CIM-C2-NH...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,100 Views
19 Pages

Nanoplastics: From Separations to Analysis—Challenges and Limitations

  • Justyna Ośko,
  • Kornelia Kadac-Czapska,
  • Katarzyna Jażdżewska,
  • Natalia Nowak,
  • Piotr Kowalczyk and
  • Małgorzata Grembecka

The issue of nanoplastics (NPs) in the environment, following that of microplastics (MPs), is receiving increasing attention in the scientific community. Due to their size, these particles require the development and application of new methods for bo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
535 Views
13 Pages

This paper presents a numerical investigation into the generation of 2D ordered pillar array columns for liquid chromatography columns, focusing on the development of an algorithm for the automatic creation of unit-cell morphologies and their subsequ...

  • Article
  • Open Access
679 Views
16 Pages

Optimized Ethyl Chloroformate Derivatization Using a Box–Behnken Design for Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Quantification of Gallic Acid in Wine

  • Sofia Botta,
  • Roberta Piacentini,
  • Chiara Cappelletti,
  • Alessio Incocciati,
  • Alberto Boffi,
  • Alessandra Bonamore and
  • Alberto Macone

Gallic acid, a major phenolic compound in wine, significantly influences its sensory profile and health-related properties, making its accurate measurement essential for both enological and nutritional studies. In this context, a derivatization proto...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,956 Views
22 Pages

Impact of Use of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction on the Quality of Brazil Nut Oil (Bertholletia excelsa HBK)

  • Orquidea Vasconcelos dos Santos,
  • Sara Camila Vidal Freires,
  • Helen Cristina de Oliveira Palheta and
  • Paulo Henrique de Melo Ferreira

The quality of materials extracted from plant sources, such as oilseeds, is significantly affected by the extraction techniques employed. Thermo-photosensitive bioactive compounds are especially susceptible, often resulting in a loss of functional pr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
607 Views
12 Pages

This study centers on the adsorption–flotation coupling extraction of rubidium (Rb+) and cesium (Cs+) within a titanium silicate (CTS)–cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) system, systematically investigating the impacts of pH, aeration...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
986 Views
26 Pages

Advances in Electrolytic Manganese Residue: Harmless Treatment and Comprehensive Utilization

  • Weijian Yu,
  • Xiaoya Li,
  • Wenting Xu,
  • Qingjun Guan,
  • Fujia Zhou,
  • Jiani Zhang,
  • Li Wang,
  • Yanxiu Wang and
  • Honghu Tang

Electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) is a byproduct of electrolytic manganese production, rich in soluble pollutants such as manganese and ammonia nitrogen. Traditional stockpiling methods result in contaminant leaching and water pollution, threateni...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,266 Views
14 Pages

The widespread use of plastics in our daily life has caused many health problems. Conventional water treatment processes have low efficiency in the removal of microplastics from water. In this work, we investigated the efficiency of ozonation pretrea...

  • Article
  • Open Access
613 Views
12 Pages

The conventional spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) recycling method suffers from complex processes and excessive chemical consumption. Hence, this study proposes an electrochemical strategy for achieving reductant-free leaching of high-valence trans...

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Separations - ISSN 2297-8739Creative Common CC BY license