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Volume 11
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10.3390/children11030370
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Article

Association between Thyroid Function and Insulin Resistance Indices in Korean Adolescents: Findings from the 2014–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

by
Eunji Mun
1,
Hye Ah Lee
2,
Jung Eun Choi
1,
Rosie Lee
1,
Kyung Hee Kim
1,
Hyesook Park
3 and
Hae Soon Kim
1,*
1
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
2
Clinical Trial Center, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
3
Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Children 2024, 11(3), 370; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030370
Submission received: 14 February 2024 / Revised: 13 March 2024 / Accepted: 18 March 2024 / Published: 20 March 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes)
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Abstract

Aim: This study investigated the sex-specific association between thyroid function and various insulin resistance (IR) indices, including noninsulin-based IR indices, in euthyroid adolescents. Methods: A total of 465 adolescents (aged 12–18 years; 255 boys and 210 girls) based on data from the 2014–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included. Serum thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) and free thyroxine (fT4) were used to assess thyroid function, whereas the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI), glucose/insulin ratio (GIR), triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index, and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio were used to assess IR. The relationship between thyroid function and IR was analyzed using multiple linear regressions stratified by sex, considering obesity status. Results: The relationship between thyroid function and IR varied depending on sex and was more pronounced in the overweight/obesity subgroup for both boys and girls. In overweight and obese boys and girls, fT4 was significantly associated with HOMA-IR and QUICKI with conflicting association directions. TSH was also positively associated with the TyG index in both sexes. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the relationship between thyroid function and IR in adolescents might vary depending on sex, and the degree of association was significant in obese adolescents.
Keywords: thyroid function; insulin resistance; adolescent; Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) thyroid function; insulin resistance; adolescent; Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mun, E.; Lee, H.A.; Choi, J.E.; Lee, R.; Kim, K.H.; Park, H.; Kim, H.S. Association between Thyroid Function and Insulin Resistance Indices in Korean Adolescents: Findings from the 2014–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Children 2024, 11, 370. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030370

AMA Style

Mun E, Lee HA, Choi JE, Lee R, Kim KH, Park H, Kim HS. Association between Thyroid Function and Insulin Resistance Indices in Korean Adolescents: Findings from the 2014–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Children. 2024; 11(3):370. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030370

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mun, Eunji, Hye Ah Lee, Jung Eun Choi, Rosie Lee, Kyung Hee Kim, Hyesook Park, and Hae Soon Kim. 2024. "Association between Thyroid Function and Insulin Resistance Indices in Korean Adolescents: Findings from the 2014–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey" Children 11, no. 3: 370. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030370

APA Style

Mun, E., Lee, H. A., Choi, J. E., Lee, R., Kim, K. H., Park, H., & Kim, H. S. (2024). Association between Thyroid Function and Insulin Resistance Indices in Korean Adolescents: Findings from the 2014–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Children, 11(3), 370. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030370

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