2018 December - 19 articles
Glutamatergic projections from the cortex and dopaminergic projections from the substantia nigra or ventral tegmental area synapse on dendritic spines of specific GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum. Direct pathway MSNs (dMSNs) are...
Drug addiction is a complex disorder driven by dysregulation in molecular signaling across several different brain regions. Limited therapeutic options currently exist for treating drug addiction and related psychiatric disorders in clinical populati...
Cell-type-specific analysis has become a major focus for many investigators in the field of neuroscience, particularly because of the large number of different cell populations found in brain tissue that play roles in a variety of developmental and b...
Actinobaculum massiliense, a Gram-positive anaerobic coccoid rod colonizing the human urinary tract, belongs to the taxonomic class of Actinobacteria. We identified A. massiliense as a cohabitant of urethral catheter biofilms (CB). The CBs also harbo...
Colorectal cancer is the third most common and the fourth most lethal cancer worldwide. In most of cases, patients are diagnosed at an advanced or even metastatic stage, thus explaining the high mortality. The lack of proper clinical tests and the co...
Synapses are specialized neuronal cell-cell contacts that underlie network communication in the mammalian brain. Across neuronal populations and circuits, a diverse set of synapses is utilized, and they differ in their molecular composition to enable...
Hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease causing dementia, include protein aggregates such as amyloid beta plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles in a patient’s brain. Understanding the complete comp...
Paraquat is a potent superoxide (O2−)-inducing agent that is capable of inducing an oxidative imbalance in the mosquito midgut. This oxidative imbalance can super-stress the malaria parasite, leading to arrested development in the mosquito midgut and...
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide; it develops in a relatively symptom-free manner, leading to rapid disease progression and metastasis, leading to a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. A lack of depe...
Glioblastomas (GBM) are the most common grade 4 brain tumours; patients have very poor prognosis with an average survival of 15 months after diagnosis. Novel research lines have begun to explore aberrant protein arginine methylation (ArgMe) as a poss...
Plasma biomarkers that identify abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture risk would greatly assist in stratifying patients with small aneurysms. Identification of such biomarkers has hitherto been unsuccessful over a range of studies using different m...
Activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing α4 and β2 subunits (α4/β2* nAChRs) in the mammalian brain is necessary for nicotine reinforcement and addiction. We previously identified interactions between α4/&...
Early life stress is associated with risk for developing alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in adulthood. Though the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this vulnerability are not well understood, evidence suggests that aberrant glucocorticoid and noradr...
Synaptic plasticity has been considered a key mechanism underlying many brain functions including learning, memory, and drug addiction. An increase or decrease in synaptic activity of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid rec...
It is well accepted that treatment of chronic pain with morphine leads to μ opioid receptor (MOR) desensitization and the development of morphine tolerance. MOR activation by the selective peptide agonist, D-Ala2, N-MePhe4, Gly-ol]-enkephalin(DAMG...
Abiotic stresses are considered the most deleterious factor affecting growth and development of plants worldwide. Such stresses are largely unavoidable and trigger adaptive responses affecting different cellular processes and target different compart...
The cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in many fundamental cellular processes, including migration and proliferation. Recently, we found that the Src family kinase Fyn phosphorylates the catalytic subunit of P...
Cocaine addiction is characterized by aberrant plasticity of the mesolimbic dopamine circuit, leading to dysregulation of motivation to seek and take drug. Despite the significant toll that cocaine use disorder exacts on society, there are currently...
The recent identification of catalytically active peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a unicellular green alga, suggested the presence of a PAM-like gene and peptidergic signaling in the last eukaryotic...
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