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Biology, Volume 9, Issue 2

2020 February - 18 articles

Cover Story: Diatoms colonize diverse environments including polar regions. Recent genomic data has provided initial insights into some peculiar metabolic features that allow them to strive in harsh environments. Lavoie et al. built the first genome-scale metabolic model of a polar diatom, Fragilariopsis cylindrus, and studied the organism’s resilience through computational sensitivity analysis. The cover image (created with BioRender.com) shows a scheme of the metabolic model across compartments, coupling nutrient uptake and light absorption with algal growth. It was found that growth is robust to a wide array of cellular perturbations including changes in cell biochemical composition and reaction deletions. Interestingly, the expression of highly divergent alleles, which are unique to F. cylindrus, as well as duplicated enzymes, increases its metabolic robustness, shedding new light on its ecological success. View this paper.
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Articles (18)

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
6,564 Views
25 Pages

β2-Adrenergic Signalling Promotes Cell Migration by Upregulating Expression of the Metastasis-Associated Molecule LYPD3

  • Michael Gruet,
  • Daniel Cotton,
  • Clare Coveney,
  • David J. Boocock,
  • Sarah Wagner,
  • Lucie Komorowski,
  • Robert C. Rees,
  • A. Graham Pockley,
  • A. Christopher Garner and
  • Desmond G. Powe
  • + 2 authors

22 February 2020

Metastasis is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Although some studies suggest beta-blockers increase survival by delaying metastasis, others have been discordant. This study provides both insights into the anomalous findings and identi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
37 Citations
4,331 Views
18 Pages

21 February 2020

Transport in water is the most common method for achieving high survival rates when transporting cultured fish in China; yet, transport success relies on proper water quality and conditions. This research was designed to explore the effects of ascorb...

  • Review
  • Open Access
45 Citations
8,448 Views
23 Pages

A Review of Diatom Lipid Droplets

  • Ben Leyland,
  • Sammy Boussiba and
  • Inna Khozin-Goldberg

21 February 2020

The dynamic nutrient availability and photon flux density of diatom habitats necessitate buffering capabilities in order to maintain metabolic homeostasis. This is accomplished by the biosynthesis and turnover of storage lipids, which are sequestered...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,739 Views
17 Pages

19 February 2020

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a highly lethal skin cancer. MCC tumors rapidly develop resistance to the chemotherapies tested to date. While PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade has demonstrated success in MCC treatment, a significant portion of MC...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,175 Views
9 Pages

From One Ejaculate to Another: Transference of Sperm Traits via Seminal Plasma Supplementation in the Ram

  • Christine Green,
  • Jessica P. Rickard,
  • Simon P. de Graaf and
  • Angela J. Crean

18 February 2020

Males can adjust sperm motility instantaneously in response to the perceived risk of sperm competition. The speed of this response suggests that sperm motility is regulated by changes in seminal plasma rather than changes in the sperm cells themselve...

  • Review
  • Open Access
46 Citations
6,426 Views
23 Pages

Extracellular Traps: An Ancient Weapon of Multiple Kingdoms

  • Ariane Neumann,
  • Graham Brogden and
  • Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede

18 February 2020

The discovery, in 2004, of extracellular traps released by neutrophils has extended our understanding of the mode of action of various innate immune cells. This fascinating discovery demonstrated the extracellular trapping and killing of various path...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,991 Views
10 Pages

17 February 2020

Glioblastoma is the most aggressive and malignant primary brain tumor in adults and has a poor patient survival of only 20 months after diagnosis. This poor patient survival is at least partly caused by glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), which are slowl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
6,655 Views
20 Pages

Genome-Scale Metabolic Reconstruction and in Silico Perturbation Analysis of the Polar Diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus Predicts High Metabolic Robustness

  • Michel Lavoie,
  • Blanche Saint-Béat,
  • Jan Strauss,
  • Sébastien Guérin,
  • Antoine Allard,
  • Simon V. Hardy,
  • Angela Falciatore and
  • Johann Lavaud

17 February 2020

Diatoms are major primary producers in polar environments where they can actively grow under extremely variable conditions. Integrative modeling using a genome-scale model (GSM) is a powerful approach to decipher the complex interactions between comp...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
7,811 Views
17 Pages

Morphological Features of the Anther Development in Tomato Plants with Non-Specific Male Sterility

  • Inna A. Chaban,
  • Neonila V. Kononenko,
  • Alexander A. Gulevich,
  • Liliya R. Bogoutdinova,
  • Marat R. Khaliluev and
  • Ekaterina N. Baranova

17 February 2020

The study was devoted to morphological and cytoembryological analysis of disorders in the anther and pollen development of transgenic tomato plants with a normal and abnormal phenotype, which is characterized by the impaired development of generative...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
5,325 Views
16 Pages

12 February 2020

The role of proteoglycans in the central nervous system (CNS) is a rapidly evolving field and has major implications in the field of CNS injury. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) increase in abundance following damage to the spinal cord and i...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,549 Views
8 Pages

Rapid Efficacy of Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin in Refractory AML Patients with Pulmonary and Kidney Failure

  • Daniil Zaytsev,
  • Larisa Girshova,
  • Vladimir Ivanov,
  • Irina Budaeva,
  • Dmitri Motorin,
  • Renat Badaev,
  • Julia Mirolubova,
  • Evgeni Grobovenko,
  • Tamara Chitanava and
  • Andrey Zaritskey
  • + 2 authors

10 February 2020

Objectives: To the best of our knowledge, data from Gemtuzumab ozogamicin in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients with failure of organ functions and poor performance status are extremely lacking. Moreover, the fast recovery from organ failure, afte...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,592 Views
11 Pages

10 February 2020

Carassius auratus gibelio is an omnivore favored for its flavor and is commonly used as a benthic species in traditional pond polyculture. This study investigated the effects of common aquaculture stressors, such as high ammonia, high nitrite, high p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,687 Views
9 Pages

7 February 2020

Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic illness responsible for thousands of human deaths in West Africa yearly. Rodents are known as natural reservoirs of the causative Lassa mammarenavirus (LASV) while humans are regarded as incidental, spill-over hosts...

  • Review
  • Open Access
38 Citations
6,705 Views
16 Pages

“What You Need, Baby, I Got It”: Transposable Elements as Suppliers of Cis-Operating Sequences in Drosophila

  • Roberta Moschetti,
  • Antonio Palazzo,
  • Patrizio Lorusso,
  • Luigi Viggiano and
  • René Massimiliano Marsano

3 February 2020

Transposable elements (TEs) are constitutive components of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes. The role of TEs in the evolution of genes and genomes has been widely assessed over the past years in a variety of model and non-model organisms. Dros...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
6,277 Views
11 Pages

Value of SUVmax for the Prediction of Bone Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • Stephanie A. Stalder,
  • Paul Schumann,
  • Martin Lanzer,
  • Martin W. Hüllner,
  • Niels J. Rupp,
  • Martina A. Broglie and
  • Grégoire B. Morand

2 February 2020

In advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), accurate planning of surgical resection and reconstruction are crucial for outcome and postoperative function. For OSCC close to the maxilla or mandible, prediction of bone invasion is necessary. The a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
10,152 Views
14 Pages

2 February 2020

Many epidemiological observational studies suggest that a high-fat diet (HFD) accelerates the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Inflammation can play a key role in the relationship between colon cancer and HFD. Although reported by several studies, co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
6,263 Views
16 Pages

Centrifugation Force and Time Alter CASA Parameters and Oxidative Status of Cryopreserved Stallion Sperm

  • Giuseppina Marzano,
  • Natalina Moscatelli,
  • Mariangela Di Giacomo,
  • Nicola Antonio Martino,
  • Giovanni Michele Lacalandra,
  • Maria Elena Dell’Aquila,
  • Giuseppe Maruccio,
  • Elisabetta Primiceri,
  • Maria Serena Chiriacò and
  • Alessandra Ferramosca
  • + 1 author

27 January 2020

Conventional sperm selection techniques used in ARTs rely on centrifugation steps. To date, the different studies reported on the effects of centrifugation on stallion sperm motility provided contrasting results and do not include effects on mitochon...

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Biology - ISSN 2079-7737