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Review

Investigating the Role of Everolimus in mTOR Inhibition and Autophagy Promotion as a Potential Host-Directed Therapeutic Target in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

1
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
2
Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8(2), 232; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8020232
Received: 13 January 2019 / Revised: 3 February 2019 / Accepted: 8 February 2019 / Published: 11 February 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis)
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The current therapy consists of a combination of antibiotics over the course of four months. Current treatment protocols run into problems due to the growing antibiotic resistance of Mtb and poor compliance to the multi-drug-resistant TB treatment protocol. New treatments are being investigated that target host intracellular processes that could be effective in fighting Mtb infections. Autophagy is an intracellular process that is involved in eliminating cellular debris, as well as intracellular pathogens. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an enzyme involved in inhibiting this pathway. Modulation of mTOR and the autophagy cellular machinery are being investigated as potential therapeutic targets for novel Mtb treatments. In this review, we discuss the background of Mtb pathogenesis, including its interaction with the innate and adaptive immune systems, the mTOR and autophagy pathways, the interaction of Mtb with these pathways, and finally, the drug everolimus, which targets these pathways and is a potential novel therapy for TB treatment. View Full-Text
Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; host-directed therapies; immune responses Mycobacterium tuberculosis; host-directed therapies; immune responses
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MDPI and ACS Style

Cerni, S.; Shafer, D.; To, K.; Venketaraman, V. Investigating the Role of Everolimus in mTOR Inhibition and Autophagy Promotion as a Potential Host-Directed Therapeutic Target in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8, 232. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8020232

AMA Style

Cerni S, Shafer D, To K, Venketaraman V. Investigating the Role of Everolimus in mTOR Inhibition and Autophagy Promotion as a Potential Host-Directed Therapeutic Target in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019; 8(2):232. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8020232

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cerni, Stephen, Dylan Shafer, Kimberly To, and Vishwanath Venketaraman. 2019. "Investigating the Role of Everolimus in mTOR Inhibition and Autophagy Promotion as a Potential Host-Directed Therapeutic Target in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection" Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 2: 232. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8020232

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