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Applied Sciences, Volume 7, Issue 4

April 2017 - 121 articles

Cover Story: Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging non-isothermal membrane separation process having broad spectrum of applications e.g. it is a promising technique for desalting highly saline water. For an efficient process realization application of non-wetted porous hydrophobic membranes are required.
In the presented work, TiO2 and Al2O3 ceramic membranes were efficiently functionalized with fluorine-free grafting molecules. As a result, highly hydrophobic surfaces (CA = 111°–132°) possessing low surface free energy (31–52 mN•m-1) and low roughness (23–51 nm) were achieved. Membranes were subsequently tested in air gap membrane distillation showing high permeate flux and salt retention close to 100%. View the paper
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Articles (121)

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
5,428 Views
15 Pages

21 April 2017

This study identified depths of artificial pitting corrosion on the galvanized steel wires, frequently used in bridge cables, based on the time reversal method (TRM). Specifically, the multimode longitudinal ultrasonic guided waves are excited in ter...

  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
9,651 Views
29 Pages

20 April 2017

Thermoacoustic technologies rely on a direct power conversion between acoustic and thermal energies using well known thermoacoustic effects. The presence of the acoustic field leads to oscillatory heat transfer and fluid flow processes within the com...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
11,798 Views
16 Pages

20 April 2017

As the last barrier of nuclear reactor, prestressed concrete containment vessels (PCCVs) play an important role in nuclear power plants (NPPs). To test the mechanical property of PCCV during the integrated leakage rate testing (ILRT), a fiber Bragg g...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
6,296 Views
22 Pages

Design Point Performance and Optimization of Humid Air Turbine Power Plants

  • Giovanni D. Brighenti,
  • Pau Lluis Orts-Gonzalez,
  • Luis Sanchez-de-Leon and
  • Pavlos K. Zachos

20 April 2017

With the recent drive towards higher thermal efficiencies and lower emission levels in the power generation market, advanced cycle power plants have become an increasingly appealing option. Among these systems, humid air turbines have been previously...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,384 Views
14 Pages

Operational Temperature Effect on Positioning Accuracy of a Single-Axial Moving Carrier

  • Kun-Ying Li,
  • Win-Jet Luo,
  • Jun-Zheng Huang,
  • Yung-Chao Chan,
  • Pratikto and
  • Dini Faridah

20 April 2017

This study investigated the ambient environmental temperature effect on the positioning accuracy of a periodically-moving carrier. The moving carrier was operated in an environmental chamber in which the operational temperature could be controlled by...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
7,183 Views
15 Pages

20 April 2017

To solve the problem of multi-fault blind source separation (BSS) in the case that the observed signals are under-determined, a novel approach for single channel blind source separation (SCBSS) based on the improved tensor-based singular spectrum ana...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
7,392 Views
12 Pages

19 April 2017

Proteomics research has become one of the most important topics in the field of life science and natural science. At present, research on protein–protein interaction networks (PPIN) mainly focuses on detecting protein complexes or function modules. H...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
6,694 Views
18 Pages

19 April 2017

To improve the performance of single-channel, multi-fault blind source separation (BSS), a novel method based on regenerated phase-shifted sinusoid-assisted empirical mode decomposition (RPSEMD) is proposed in this paper. The RPSEMD method is used to...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
9,013 Views
11 Pages

Diffraction-Based Optical Switching with MEMS

  • Pierre-Alexandre Blanche,
  • Lloyd LaComb,
  • Youmin Wang and
  • Ming C. Wu

19 April 2017

We are presenting an overview of MEMS-based (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) optical switch technology starting from the reflective two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) MEMS implementations. To further increase the speed of the MEMS from...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
6,734 Views
17 Pages

Fusion of Intraoperative 3D B-mode and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Data for Automatic Identification of Residual Brain Tumors

  • Elisee Ilunga-Mbuyamba,
  • Dirk Lindner,
  • Juan Gabriel Avina-Cervantes,
  • Felix Arlt,
  • Horacio Rostro-Gonzalez,
  • Ivan Cruz-Aceves and
  • Claire Chalopin

19 April 2017

Intraoperative ultrasound (iUS) imaging is routinely performed to assist neurosurgeons during tumor surgery. In particular, the identification of the possible presence of residual tumors at the end of the intervention is crucial for the operation out...

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Appl. Sci. - ISSN 2076-3417