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Geosciences, Volume 9, Issue 12

December 2019 - 36 articles

Cover Story: Sea ice has undergone dramatic change in recent decades. However, our understanding of sea ice variability is limited to the satellite era (post-1970), making it hard to place recent trends in context or benchmark future changes. Paleoclimate archives, from marine sediments and ice cores, provide a means of reconstructing sea ice conditions over a range of timescales. Here, we review the marine and atmospheric sea ice proxies used to reconstruct Antarctic sea ice over the past 2000 years and explore how the marine and ice core records could be combined to increase our spatial and temporal coverage. View this paper.
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Articles (36)

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,508 Views
15 Pages

Why Are There No Earthquakes in the Intracratonic Paris Basin? Insights from Flexural Models

  • Carole Petit,
  • Louis de Barros,
  • Guillaume Duclaux and
  • Yves Mazabraud

28 November 2019

Comparing nearby areas with contrasted seismicity distributions like the French Variscan Armorican Massif (AM) and the surrounding intracratonic Paris Basin (PB) can help deciphering which parameters control the occurrence or absence of diffuse, intr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
5,812 Views
11 Pages

New Information on the Madagascan Middle Jurassic Sauropod Lapparentosaurus madagascariensis

  • Miky Lova Tantely Raveloson,
  • Neil D. L. Clark and
  • Armand H. Rasoamiaramana

27 November 2019

The systematic position of the Middle Jurassic sauropod Lapparentosaurus madagascariensis is not fully understood due to a lack of useful anatomical detail. Despite many new bone fragments from the axial skeleton, post-cranial skeleton, and a hind li...

  • Article
  • Open Access
50 Citations
7,845 Views
28 Pages

Late Orogenic Heating of (Ultra)High Pressure Rocks: Slab Rollback vs. Slab Breakoff

  • Elena Sizova,
  • Christoph Hauzenberger,
  • Harald Fritz,
  • Shah Wali Faryad and
  • Taras Gerya

27 November 2019

Some (ultra)high-pressure metamorphic rocks that formed during continental collision preserve relict minerals, indicating a two-stage evolution: first, subduction to mantle depths and exhumation to the lower-crustal level (with simultaneous cooling),...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
6,354 Views
29 Pages

Topographic Base Maps from Remote Sensing Data for Engineering Geomorphological Modelling: An Application on Coastal Mediterranean Landscape

  • Maurizio Barbarella,
  • Albina Cuomo,
  • Alessandro Di Benedetto,
  • Margherita Fiani and
  • Domenico Guida

27 November 2019

Coastal landscapes are one of the most changeable areas of the earth’s surface. Given this spatial complexity and temporal variability, the construction of reference maps useful for geo-engineering is a challenge. In order to improve the perfor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,697 Views
24 Pages

Discrete Fracture Network Modelling in Triassic–Jurassic Carbonates of NW Lurestan, Zagros Fold-and-Thrust Belt, Iran

  • Luigi Massaro,
  • Amerigo Corradetti,
  • Francesco d’Assisi Tramparulo,
  • Stefano Vitale,
  • Ernesto Paolo Prinzi,
  • Alessandro Iannace,
  • Mariano Parente,
  • Chiara Invernizzi,
  • Davoud Morsalnejad and
  • Stefano Mazzoli

26 November 2019

In this study, discrete fracture network (DFN) modelling was performed for Triassic–Jurassic analogue reservoir units of the NW Lurestan region, Iran. The modelling was elaborated following a multi-scale statistical sampling of the fracture sys...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
13 Citations
5,076 Views
12 Pages

26 November 2019

This paper reports on a large-scale landslide with a movement of 48 thousand m3 of soil and rock that occurred in Sichuan, China. This catastrophic landslide occurred in Aidai village, Ganluo County, at 12:44 on 14 August 2019, blocking a section of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,631 Views
13 Pages

25 November 2019

Understanding the physical properties of ultramafic rocks is important for evaluating a wide variety of petrologic models of the oceanic lithosphere, particularly upper mantle and lower crust. Hydration of oceanic peridotites results in increasing se...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
5,077 Views
32 Pages

Bentonite Extrusion into Near-Borehole Fracture

  • Mohammad N. Islam,
  • Andrew P. Bunger,
  • Nicolas Huerta and
  • Robert Dilmore

25 November 2019

In this paper, we discuss laboratory experiments of bentonite swelling and coupled finite element simulations to explicate bentonite extrusion. For the experiments, we developed a swell cell apparatus to understand the bentonite migration to the near...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
14,371 Views
26 Pages

Landslide Susceptibility Assessment of Mauritius Island (Indian Ocean)

  • Vincenzo Marsala,
  • Alberto Galli,
  • Giorgio Paglia and
  • Enrico Miccadei

23 November 2019

This work is focused on the landslide susceptibility assessment, applied to Mauritius Island. The study area is a volcanic island located in the western part of the Indian Ocean and it is characterized by a plateau-like morphology interrupted by thre...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,764 Views
17 Pages

Evaluation of Remote-Sensing based Estimates of Actual Evapotranspiration over (Diverse Shape and Sized) Palmiet Wetlands

  • Phatsimo Ramatsabana,
  • Jane Tanner,
  • Sukhmani Mantel,
  • Anthony Palmer and
  • Gloria Ezenne

22 November 2019

Accurately quantifying actual evapotranspiration (ETa) over wetlands is important for the improved management of these ecosystems, since 65% of them are threatened by clearing or drainage in South Africa. This study evaluated a range of available est...

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Geosciences - ISSN 2076-3263