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Geosciences, Volume 12, Issue 7

July 2022 - 27 articles

Cover Story: Relict glaciers only exist in the highest Kaçkar Mountains of Northeast Anatolia today. Fieldwork has revealed extensive valley glaciers in the past, with well-preserved glacial landscapes. A pronounced weather divide separates the orographic precipitation-fed northern valleys with direct moisture transport from the Black Sea from south-easterly valleys in the lee of the weather divide. We report here on extensive field evidence for paleoglaciers in these lee-side valleys, as well. Based on cosmogenic nuclide methodology applied to erratic boulders, a chronology for the last glaciation is established. The unexpected large paleoglaciers in the south-easterly valleys require moisture transport from the east for their growth and, therefore, changes in atmospheric paleocirculation pattern. View this paper
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Articles (27)

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,909 Views
15 Pages

Rock Magnetism of Lapilli and Lava Flows from Cumbre Vieja Volcano, 2021 Eruption (La Palma, Canary Islands): Initial Reports

  • Josep M. Parés,
  • Eva Vernet,
  • Manuel Calvo-Rathert,
  • Vicente Soler,
  • María-Felicidad Bógalo and
  • Ana Álvaro

We present initial rock magnetic results for both lava flows and lapilli produced by the 2021 eruption of the Cumbre Vieja, La Palma (Canary Islands). Samples were taken during the eruption to minimize early alteration and weathering of the rocks and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,234 Views
15 Pages

Seismic interferometry is often proposed as a cost-efficient technique for reservoir monitoring including CO2 sequestration due to its low cost and environmental advantages over active source imaging. Although many studies have demonstrated the abili...

  • Review
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,364 Views
82 Pages

When conducting numerical upscaling, either for a fractured or a porous medium, it is important to account for anisotropy because in general, the resulting upscaled conductivity is anisotropic. Measurements made at different scales also demonstrate t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
6,371 Views
15 Pages

The Memory of a Fault Gouge: An Example from the Simplon Fault Zone (Central Alps)

  • Valentina Argante,
  • David Colin Tanner,
  • Christian Brandes,
  • Christoph von Hagke and
  • Sumiko Tsukamoto

Faut gouge forms at the core of the fault as the result of a slip in the upper brittle crust. Therefore, the deformation mechanisms and conditions under which the fault gouge was formed can document the stages of fault movement in the crust. We carri...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,293 Views
18 Pages

Monitoring Hydrothermal Activity Using Major and Trace Elements in Low-Temperature Fumarolic Condensates: The Case of La Soufriere de Guadeloupe Volcano

  • Manuel Inostroza,
  • Séverine Moune,
  • Roberto Moretti,
  • Vincent Robert,
  • Magali Bonifacie,
  • Elodie Chilin-Eusebe,
  • Arnaud Burtin and
  • Pierre Burckel

At the hydrothermal stage, volcanoes are affected by internal and external processes that control their fumarolic and eruptive activity. Monitoring hydrothermal activity is challenging given the diverse nature of the processes accounting for deeper m...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,120 Views
24 Pages

Active Triclinic Transtension in a Volcanic Arc: A Case of the El Salvador Fault Zone in Central America

  • Jorge Alonso-Henar,
  • Carlos Fernández,
  • José Antonio Álvarez-Gómez,
  • Carolina Canora,
  • Alejandra Staller,
  • Manuel Díaz,
  • Walter Hernández,
  • Ángela Valeria García and
  • José Jesús Martínez-Díaz

The El Salvador Fault Zone (ESFZ) is part of the Central American Volcanic Arc and accommodates the oblique separation movement between the forearc sliver and the Chortis block (Caribbean Plate). In this work, a triclinic transtension model was appli...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
3,663 Views
29 Pages

Multi-Parameter Observations of Seismogenic Phenomena Related to the Tokyo Earthquake (M = 5.9) on 7 October 2021

  • Masashi Hayakawa,
  • Alexander Schekotov,
  • Jun Izutsu,
  • Shih-Sian Yang,
  • Maria Solovieva and
  • Yasuhide Hobara

Multi-parameter observations, powerful for the study of lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling (LAIC), have been performed for a recent Tokyo earthquake (EQ) with a moderate magnitude (M = 5.9) and rather larger depth (~70 km) on 7 Oc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
2,792 Views
17 Pages

Geoheritage is a geotourism resource that could lead to the sustainable development of society, and could contribute to information on geological and geomorphological characteristics, education, public awareness on geoconservation, and landscape prot...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,191 Views
11 Pages

In recent years, it has become a common understanding among researchers that one of the significant agents for forming a variety of submarine geomorphologies is turbidity currents that travel long distances, so-called long-runout turbidity currents....

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,550 Views
18 Pages

The generalized Hoek-Brown (GHB) failure criterion can estimate the rock mass parameters required for rock mechanics–related analyses such as numerical modeling in geomechanics. The determination of GHB parameters has been developed in the fiel...

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Geosciences - ISSN 2076-3263