US3 Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase from MDV-1, MDV-2, and HVT Differentially Regulate Viral Gene Expression and Replication

Liao, Yifei; Fang, Xin; AI-Mahmood, Mohammad; Li, Qinglei; Lupiani, Blanca; Reddy, Sanjay M.

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9040785

Open AccessCommunication

U_S3 Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase from MDV-1, MDV-2, and HVT Differentially Regulate Viral Gene Expression and Replication

by

Yifei Liao

^1,*

,

Xin Fang

²,

Mohammad AI-Mahmood

¹,

Qinglei Li

²,

Blanca Lupiani

¹

and

Sanjay M. Reddy

^1,*

¹

Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

²

Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Microorganisms 2021, 9(4), 785; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040785

Submission received: 18 March 2021 / Revised: 6 April 2021 / Accepted: 8 April 2021 / Published: 9 April 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marek’s Disease Virus)

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Abstract

Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (GaHV-2), commonly known as Marek’s disease virus type 1 (MDV-1), is an oncogenic avian alphaherpesvirus, and along with its close relatives—Gallid alphaherpesvirus 3 (GaHV-3) or MDV-2 and Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1 (MeHV-1) or turkey herpesvirus (HVT)—belongs to the Mardivirus genus. We and others previously showed that MDV-1 U_S3 protein kinase plays an important role in viral replication and pathogenesis, which could be partially compensated by MDV-2 and HVT U_S3. In this study, we further studied the differential roles of MDV-1, MDV-2 and HVT U_S3 in regulating viral gene expression and replication. Our results showed that MDV-2 and HVT U_S3 could differentially compensate MDV-1 U_S3 regulation of viral gene expression in vitro. MDV-2 and HVT U_S3 could also partially rescue the replication deficiency of MDV-1 U_S3 null virus in the spleen and thymus, as determined by immunohistochemistry analysis of MDV-1 pp38 protein. Importantly, using immunohistochemistry and dual immunofluorescence assays, we found that MDV-2 U_S3, but not HVT U_S3, fully compensated MDV-1 U_S3 regulation of MDV-1 replication in bursal B lymphocytes. In conclusion, our study provides the first comparative analysis of U_S3 from MDV-1, MDV-2 and HVT in regulating viral gene expression in cell culture and MDV-1 replication in lymphocytes.

Keywords: Marek’s disease virus; U_S3; gene expression; replication; lymphocytes

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MDPI and ACS Style

Liao, Y.; Fang, X.; AI-Mahmood, M.; Li, Q.; Lupiani, B.; Reddy, S.M. U_S3 Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase from MDV-1, MDV-2, and HVT Differentially Regulate Viral Gene Expression and Replication. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 785. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040785

AMA Style

Liao Y, Fang X, AI-Mahmood M, Li Q, Lupiani B, Reddy SM. U_S3 Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase from MDV-1, MDV-2, and HVT Differentially Regulate Viral Gene Expression and Replication. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(4):785. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040785

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liao, Yifei, Xin Fang, Mohammad AI-Mahmood, Qinglei Li, Blanca Lupiani, and Sanjay M. Reddy. 2021. "U_S3 Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase from MDV-1, MDV-2, and HVT Differentially Regulate Viral Gene Expression and Replication" Microorganisms 9, no. 4: 785. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040785

APA Style

Liao, Y., Fang, X., AI-Mahmood, M., Li, Q., Lupiani, B., & Reddy, S. M. (2021). U_S3 Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase from MDV-1, MDV-2, and HVT Differentially Regulate Viral Gene Expression and Replication. Microorganisms, 9(4), 785. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040785

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U_S3 Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase from MDV-1, MDV-2, and HVT Differentially Regulate Viral Gene Expression and Replication

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