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Microorganisms
Volume 14
Issue 3
10.3390/microorganisms14030685
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Review

How Does Woodland Use Affect the Multifunctionality of Soil Ecosystems?

by
Jing Li
1,*,
Jun Yao
2,
Nan He
1,
Deliang Zhang
1,
Jing Zhang
1 and
Xingyuan Ma
1
1
College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
2
College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Yuxi Vocational College of Agriculture, Yuxi 653100, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2026, 14(3), 685; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14030685
Submission received: 23 January 2026 / Revised: 2 March 2026 / Accepted: 14 March 2026 / Published: 18 March 2026
(This article belongs to the Section Plant Microbe Interactions)
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Abstract

Humans have made tremendous efforts to explore how biodiversity changes affect ecosystem processes and human well-being. It has been found that, in addition to biodiversity, various drivers of global change also play significant roles in ecosystem functioning. Land use is a key driver of global change, yet research on land use intensity has predominantly focused on agricultural and grassland ecosystems. There remains limited understanding of how land use intensity alters the relationships among biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and multifunctionality, particularly in forest ecosystems. This paper reviews recent advances in research on soil ecosystem multifunctionality, covering the effects of woodland use intensity, above- and belowground biodiversity, microbial diversity, and biotic interactions, as well as abiotic drivers. Through a comprehensive analysis of the integrated impacts of biodiversity, biotic interactions, and abiotic factors on soil ecosystem multifunctionality, the necessity of enhancing microbial research and its application in ecosystems is emphasized, providing a theoretical basis for forest management.
Keywords: woodland use intensity; plant diversity; soil microbial communities; soil ecosystem multifunctionality woodland use intensity; plant diversity; soil microbial communities; soil ecosystem multifunctionality

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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, J.; Yao, J.; He, N.; Zhang, D.; Zhang, J.; Ma, X. How Does Woodland Use Affect the Multifunctionality of Soil Ecosystems? Microorganisms 2026, 14, 685. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14030685

AMA Style

Li J, Yao J, He N, Zhang D, Zhang J, Ma X. How Does Woodland Use Affect the Multifunctionality of Soil Ecosystems? Microorganisms. 2026; 14(3):685. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14030685

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Jing, Jun Yao, Nan He, Deliang Zhang, Jing Zhang, and Xingyuan Ma. 2026. "How Does Woodland Use Affect the Multifunctionality of Soil Ecosystems?" Microorganisms 14, no. 3: 685. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14030685

APA Style

Li, J., Yao, J., He, N., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., & Ma, X. (2026). How Does Woodland Use Affect the Multifunctionality of Soil Ecosystems? Microorganisms, 14(3), 685. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14030685

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