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Microorganisms
Volume 10
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10.3390/microorganisms10010076
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Article

New Biocalcifying Marine Bacterial Strains Isolated from Calcareous Deposits and Immediate Surroundings

by
Julia Vincent
1,2,†,
Béatrice Colin
1,†,
Isabelle Lanneluc
1,
René Sabot
2,
Valérie Sopéna
1,
Philippe Turcry
2,
Pierre-Yves Mahieux
2,
Philippe Refait
2,
Marc Jeannin
2,* and
Sophie Sablé
1,*
1
Laboratoire Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, La Rochelle Université, UMR 7266 CNRS, 17000 La Rochelle, France
2
Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Ingénieur pour l’Environnement, La Rochelle Université, UMR 7356 CNRS, 17000 La Rochelle, France
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Microorganisms 2022, 10(1), 76; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010076
Submission received: 30 November 2021 / Revised: 24 December 2021 / Accepted: 28 December 2021 / Published: 30 December 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Microbiology)
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Abstract

Marine bacterial biomineralisation by CaCO3 precipitation provides natural limestone structures, like beachrocks and stromatolites. Calcareous deposits can also be abiotically formed in seawater at the surface of steel grids under cathodic polarisation. In this work, we showed that this mineral-rich alkaline environment harbours bacteria belonging to different genera able to induce CaCO3 precipitation. We previously isolated 14 biocalcifying marine bacteria from electrochemically formed calcareous deposits and their immediate environment. By microscopy and µ-Raman spectroscopy, these bacterial strains were shown to produce calcite-type CaCO3. Identification by 16S rDNA sequencing provided between 98.5 and 100% identity with genera Pseudoalteromonas, Pseudidiomarina, Epibacterium, Virgibacillus, Planococcus, and Bhargavaea. All 14 strains produced carbonic anhydrase, and six were urease positive. Both proteins are major enzymes involved in the biocalcification process. However, this does not preclude that one or more other metabolisms could also be involved in the process. In the presence of urea, Virgibacillus halodenitrificans CD6 exhibited the most efficient precipitation of CaCO3. However, the urease pathway has the disadvantage of producing ammonia, a toxic molecule. We showed herein that different marine bacteria could induce CaCO3 precipitation without urea. These bacteria could then be used for eco-friendly applications, e.g., the formation of bio-cements to strengthen dikes and delay coastal erosion.
Keywords: biocalcifying marine bacteria; calcite; urease; carbonic anhydrase; Virgibacillus; Pseudoalteromonas; Pseudidiomarina; Epibacterium; Planococcus; Bhargavaea biocalcifying marine bacteria; calcite; urease; carbonic anhydrase; Virgibacillus; Pseudoalteromonas; Pseudidiomarina; Epibacterium; Planococcus; Bhargavaea

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vincent, J.; Colin, B.; Lanneluc, I.; Sabot, R.; Sopéna, V.; Turcry, P.; Mahieux, P.-Y.; Refait, P.; Jeannin, M.; Sablé, S. New Biocalcifying Marine Bacterial Strains Isolated from Calcareous Deposits and Immediate Surroundings. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 76. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010076

AMA Style

Vincent J, Colin B, Lanneluc I, Sabot R, Sopéna V, Turcry P, Mahieux P-Y, Refait P, Jeannin M, Sablé S. New Biocalcifying Marine Bacterial Strains Isolated from Calcareous Deposits and Immediate Surroundings. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(1):76. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010076

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vincent, Julia, Béatrice Colin, Isabelle Lanneluc, René Sabot, Valérie Sopéna, Philippe Turcry, Pierre-Yves Mahieux, Philippe Refait, Marc Jeannin, and Sophie Sablé. 2022. "New Biocalcifying Marine Bacterial Strains Isolated from Calcareous Deposits and Immediate Surroundings" Microorganisms 10, no. 1: 76. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010076

APA Style

Vincent, J., Colin, B., Lanneluc, I., Sabot, R., Sopéna, V., Turcry, P., Mahieux, P.-Y., Refait, P., Jeannin, M., & Sablé, S. (2022). New Biocalcifying Marine Bacterial Strains Isolated from Calcareous Deposits and Immediate Surroundings. Microorganisms, 10(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010076

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