Metals, Volume 7, Issue 8

The interest in austempered ductile irons (ADI) is continuously increasing due to their various advantageous properties over conventional ductile irons and some steels. This study aimed to determine the roles of alloying elements Ni, Cu, and Mo, on t...

The iron resources in nickel slag were recycled by oxidation and magnetic separation. The effects of holding time, temperature, air flow rate and basicity on the crystallization of magnetite were investigated systematically. Moreover, the influence o...

The isothermal compression experiment of as-rolled Ti55 alloy was carried out on a Gleeble-3800 thermal simulation test machine at the deformation temperature range of 700–1050 °C and strain rate range of 0.001–1 s⁻¹. The hot deformation behavior and...

The objective of the study research was to obtain bimodal structured ultrafine-grained ferrite steel with outstanding mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance. The bimodal microstructure was fabricated by the cold rolling and annealin...

The structural, electronic and elastic properties of B2 structure Hafnium compounds were investigated by means of first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory within generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and local density a...

This contribution is focused on the influence of build orientation on hardness of materials sintered using direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) technology. It builds on the current research works that has monitored the influence of build orientation o...

Large-area dual-phase plasmonic gold nanostructures were produced using the phase-separation pattern of a polymer blend film, where two typical light-emitting polymeric semiconductors of poly (9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) and poly...

Nickel, a valued metal, mainly exists as nickel oxide in laterite nickel ore. Furthermore, a large part of the laterite nickel ore is low-grade saprolitic ore. In this paper, a research on preparing ferro-nickel alloy from low-grade saprolitic lateri...

The authors wish to make the following corrections to the main text in the published paper [1]. In this paper, the weight of CuCl2 should be changed from 5 mg to 5 g to provide accurate recipe for the IN718 etchant.[...]

In this paper, the statistical properties and fatigue life estimations of 0.44% carbon steel at different tempering temperatures are presented. The specimens were austenized at 900 °C for 10 min, quenched in water, tempered at different temperatures,...

Defects on the surface of steel plates are one of the most important factors affecting the quality of steel plates. It is of great importance to detect such defects through online surface inspection systems, whose ability of defect identification com...

The microstructure and strengthening-toughening mechanism of a modified 4Cr5Mo2V hot-working die steel with nitrogen (0.08% N) were investigated using hardness and toughness measurements, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffra...

In this paper the influence of spark energy on corrosion resistance, hardness, surface roughness and morphology of WC-Co coated 36Cr-Ni-Mo4 steel by Micro-Electro Welding (MEW) was investigated. Frequencies of 5, 8 and 11 kHz, currents of 15, 25 and...

Based on ternary Ni₄₅Ti_51.8Fe_3.2 (at %) shape memory alloy (SMA), Nb and Ta elements are added to an NiTiFe SMA by replacing Ni element, and consequently quaternary Ni₄₄Ti_51.8Fe_3.2Nb₁ and Ni₄₄Ti_51.8Fe_3.2Ta₁ (at %) SMAs are fabricated. The microstruct...

For a dissimilar laser weld, the model of the heat source is a paramount boundary condition for the prediction of the thermal phenomena, which occur during the welding cycle. In this paper, both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) Gaussia...

In this paper, the microstructural and mechanical properties of a high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) API 5L X52 steel, which is widely utilized in the construction of gas pipelines, were characterized with optical microscopy, electron backscatter diffrac...

Neutron reflectometry is an extremely powerful technique to monitor chemical and morphological changes at interfaces at the angstrom-level. Its ability to characterise metal, oxide and organic layers simultaneously or separately and in situ makes it...

Reduction cell operation in primary aluminum production is strongly influenced by the properties of baked anodes. Producing consistent anode quality is more challenging nowadays due to the increasing variability of raw materials. Taking timely correc...

A complete recycling process for the cathode material of spent lithium-ion batteries is demonstrated with a simple two-step process comprised of one-pot cobalt recovery to nanostructured materials and single step synthesis of LiCoO₂. For the facile a...

Metallic lattice structures intentionally contain open porosity; however, they can also contain unwanted closed porosity within the structural members. The entrained porosity and defects within three different geometries of Ti-6Al-4V lattices, fabric...

The effects of carbon potential in vacuum-carburization on the surface-hardened layer properties of the 0.2%C-1.5%Si-1.5%Mn-1.0%Cr-0.05%Nb transformation-induced plasticity-aided martensitic steel were investigated for the fabrication of precision ge...

The control of arsenic, a toxic and carcinogenic element, is an important issue for all copper smelters. In this work, the reaction mechanism and distribution behavior of arsenic in the bottom blown copper smelting process (SKS process) were investig...

Coalescence is the rupture of a film between two adjacent bubbles in any type of liquid foam and has pronounced influence on the development of its macrostructure after solidification, mostly leading to larger pores and a wider size distribution. Foa...

Metallic materials have a significant number of applications, among which Al alloys have drawn people’s attention due to their low density and high strength. High-strength Al-based alloys, such as 7XXX Al alloys, contain many alloying elements and wi...

Deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of NiTiCu shape memory alloy (SMA), which possesses martensite phase at room temperature, were investigated based on a uniaxial compression test at the temperatures of 700~1000 °C and at the strain ra...

Metal borides are widely used as heat-insulating materials, however, the range of their application in high-temperature conditions with oxidative medium is significantly restricted. To improve the thermal stability of structural materials based on ti...

Metal-matrix foams are used widely for structural applications such as impact energy absorption, vibration resistance and weight reduction. In this study titanium nanocomposite foams with different porosity percentages were produced using TiH₂, as fo...

Pure titanium was efficiently processed up to four passes at 420 °C by rotary-die equal-channel angular pressing (RD-ECAP). The deformation structure and mechanical properties of pure titanium with various RD-ECAP passes were subsequently investigate...

Of particular importance and interest are the effects of pulsed Nd:YAG laser beam welding parameters on penetration and microstructure characterization of DP1000 butt joint, which is widely used in the automotive industry nowadays. Some key experimen...

Magnesium metal matrix composites (Mg MMCs) possess relatively more favorable mechanical properties than Mg alloys because they add reinforcements, such as small particles, short fibers, or continuous fibers, into the matrix. This study investigated...

Titanium, its alloys, and refractory compounds are often used in the compositions of surfacing materials. In particular, under the conditions of electron-beam surfacing the use of synthesized composite powder based on titanium carbide with a metal bi...

Additive manufacturing (AM) offers the potential to economically produce customized components with complex geometries in a shorter design-to-manufacture cycle. However, the basic understanding of the fatigue behavior of these materials must be subst...

Over the last few years there has been an increasing interest in the study and development of processes that make it possible to obtain ultra-fine grained materials. Although there exists a large number of published works related to the improvement o...

The solidification path of peritectic steel Q345 was calculated and compared with in-situ observations to investigate the effect of phase transition on the equilibrium partition coefficient. Subsequently, a thermodynamic model for calculating the equ...

The microstructural evolution and tensile properties of Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr titanium alloys with various Si contents were investigated. The results revealed that the addition of trace Si and the presence of Zr induced the formation of (TiZr)₆Si₃ si...

The stability of precipitates in Zr–2.5Nb–0.5Cu alloy under heavy ion irradiation from 100 °C to 500 °C was investigated by quantitative Chemi-STEM EDS analysis. Irradiation results in the crystalline to amorphous transformation of Zr₂Cu between 200...

Sediments are normally the final pathway of both natural and anthropogenic components produced or derived from the environment. Sediment quality is a good indicator of pollution in the water column, where heavy metals and other organic pollutants ten...

A comprehensive study was conducted on microstructural evolution of sintered Ti-Al-V-Fe titanium alloys utilizing very fine hydrogenation-dehydrogenation (HDH) titanium powder with a median particle size of 8.84 μm. Both micropores (5–15 μm) and macr...

Welding between Fe and Al alloys is difficult because of a significant difference in thermal properties and poor mutual solid-state solubility. This affects the weld microstructure and causes the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs). T...

An oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steel with nanometric grain size has been produced by low-energy mechanical alloying (MA) of steel powder (Fe-14Cr-1W-0.4Ti) mixed with Y₂O₃ particles (0.3 wt %) and successive hot extrusion (HE). The m...